Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Julie Ko, Monte M. Winslow, Julien Sage
Summary: Metastasis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients, especially with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) known for its remarkable metastatic proclivity. Recent advances in research, such as using circulating tumor cells and genetically engineered mouse models, are helping to overcome limitations in studying SCLC metastasis. New insights into cellular mechanisms associated with increased metastatic ability offer promise for future therapeutic options.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jiajing Sun, Sikai Wu, Zixian Jin, Sijia Ren, William C. Cho, Chengchu Zhu, Jianfei Shen
Summary: Lung cancer has high morbidity and mortality rates, with tumor metastasis being a significant risk factor for death. Even after complete removal of a tumor at an early stage, there is still a risk of recurrence. Lymph node micrometastasis has been found to be associated with poor prognosis, but predicting prognosis and choosing the appropriate surgical and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy options remain challenging for clinicians.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yifan Zhong, Yunlang She, Jiajun Deng, Shouyu Chen, Tingting Wang, Minglei Yang, Minjie Ma, Yongxiang Song, Haoyu Qi, Yin Wang, Jingyun Shi, Chunyan Wu, Dong Xie, Chang Chen
Summary: This study developed a deep learning signature for predicting N2 metastasis and prognosis stratification in clinical stage I non-small cell lung cancer. The proposed signature achieved high predictive efficacy and was associated with genetic mutations and tumor proliferation pathways. Higher deep learning scores were predictive of poorer overall survival and recurrence-free survival.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ye-Ram Kim, Ah-Reum Han, Jin-Baek Kim, Chan-Hun Jung
Summary: Dendrobine inhibits IR-induced migration and invasion of NSCLC cells by suppressing SULF2 expression, demonstrating its potential as a therapeutic enhancer to overcome the malignant effects of radiation therapy.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Dongliang Zhang, Ying Wang, Lei Liu, Zeng Li, Shengke Yang, Weixin Zhao, Xiang Wang, Hong Liao, Shukui Zhou
Summary: This study established prostate cancer models using cell sheet technology and compared their efficiency of tumor formation with cell suspension injection. The results showed that the orthotopic tumor formation rate in the cell sheet injection group was significantly better than that in the cell suspension injection group. Furthermore, the tumors in the cell sheet injection group had a higher density of micro-vessels, more collagen deposition, and a lower apoptotic rate. Cell sheet technology has potential applications in preclinical drug development, drug resistance mechanisms, and individualized therapy for prostate cancer.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Mingrui Zhu, Yi Huang, Matthew E. Bender, Luc Girard, Rahul Kollipara, Buse Eglenen-Polat, Yujiro Naito, Trisha K. Savage, Kenneth E. Huffman, Shohei Koyama, Atsushi Kumanogoh, John D. Minna, Jane E. Johnson, Esra A. Akbay
Summary: The aggressiveness and metastasis of SCLC may be attributed to the loss of NK-cell recognition due to reduced NKG2DL levels, which is linked to genetic factors.
Article
Biology
Richard J. Lobb, Kekoolani S. Visan, Li-Ying Wu, Emma L. Norris, Marcus L. Hastie, Sarah Everitt, Ian A. Yang, Rayleen V. Bowman, Shankar Siva, Jill E. Larsen, Jeffrey J. Gorman, Michael MacManus, Antoine Leimgruber, Kwun M. Fong, Andreas Moller
Summary: Despite advancements in therapy, lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related death globally. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients have a low five-year survival rate and current staging methods may not accurately predict outcomes. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and associated protein changes in extracellular vesicles may serve as prognostic markers in NSCLC patients, enabling personalized treatment decisions.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Zhe Liu, Liang Ma, Yiming Sun, Wenying Yu, Xue Wang
Summary: The study demonstrated that the STAT3/ZEB1 axis is critical in gefitinib resistance in lung cancer, and a new potential therapeutic strategy targeting STAT3 has been identified with the inhibitor LL1. LL1 was shown to sensitize resistant cells to gefitinib by depleting STAT3 activity and blocking its signaling pathways, with little observed toxicity in animal models, indicating it could be a chemotherapeutic adjuvant for gefitinib resistance in NSCLC.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shi-Ru Zhang, Miao Pan, Ying-Bin Gao, Ruo-Yue Fan, Xin-Ni Bin, Si -Tong Qian, Cheng-Lun Tang, Han-Jie Ying, Jia-Qi Wu, Ming-Fang He
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the anti-brain metastasis effect of cordycepin in small cell lung cancer using a zebrafish model. They found that cordycepin showed significant anti-brain metastasis effects when administered by soaking and microinjection. The mechanism was found to be mediated by regulating key genes involved in vitamin D metabolism, lipid transport, and protein catabolic process pathways.
Review
Oncology
Leylah M. Drusbosky, Richa Dawar, Estelamari Rodriguez, Chukwuemeka Ikpeazu
Summary: The MET exon 14 skipping mutation is present in a small percentage of lung cancer patients, but targeted inhibitors like capmatinib and tepotinib show promising clinical activity with tolerable toxicity profiles. Ongoing research aims to overcome acquired resistance and enhance the effectiveness of these agents.
JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meina Wang, Roy S. Herbst, Chris Boshoff
Summary: Over the past two decades, molecular targeted therapies and immunotherapies have significantly improved outcomes for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the majority of advanced NSCLCs eventually become resistant. The future challenge lies in the application of predictive biomarkers for patient stratification in order to better manage NSCLC.
Article
Oncology
Richard S. P. Huang, Lukas Harries, Brennan Decker, Matthew C. Hiemenz, Karthikeyan Murugesan, James Creeden, Khaled Tolba, Laura P. Stabile, Shakti H. Ramkissoon, Timothy F. Burns, Jeffrey S. Ross
Summary: This article examines the genomic landscape of NSCLC brain metastases samples with comprehensive genomic profiling. The study found targetable genomic alterations in NSCLC-BM patients, which can inform future clinical studies and suggest the use of brain tissue or cerebral spinal fluid specimens for personalized treatment optimization.
Review
Oncology
Leylah M. Drusbosky, Estelamari Rodriguez, Richa Dawar, Chukwuemeka V. Ikpeazu
Summary: Recent FDA approvals for tumor-agnostic drugs have shifted cancer treatment from organ/histology-specific strategies to biomarker-guided approaches. RET gene fusions, known oncogenic drivers in various tumors, can be effectively targeted by inhibitors like selpercatinib and pralsetinib, showing significant clinical benefits in NSCLC patients.
JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Andras Piffko, Benedikt Asey, Lasse Duehrsen, Inka Ristow, Johannes Salamon, Harriet Wikman, Cecile L. Maire, Katrin Lamszus, Manfred Westphal, Thomas Sauvigny, Malte Mohme
Summary: Non-small cell lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death globally, with an increasing incidence of brain metastases in NSCLC patients. This study identified systemic metastatic load and number of brain metastases as significant factors affecting overall survival in resectable NSCLC patients. Factors such as age, absence of other systemic metastases, and number of brain metastases were found to impact survival outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rui Zhou, Young Hyun Yu, Hangun Kim, Hyung-Ho Ha
Summary: This study synthesized new coumarin derivatives and evaluated their biological activities. Several of the tested compounds showed inhibitory effects on lung cancer cell motility, without causing cytotoxic effects. The 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives 4h and 4i significantly inhibited lung cancer cell motility by suppressing expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers N-cadherin, Snail, and Twist.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michiko Koga, Tomoe Senkoji, Megumi Kubota, Aya Ishizaka, Taketoshi Mizutani, Ayako Sedohara, Kazuhiko Ikeuchi, Tadashi Kikuchi, Eisuke Adachi, Makoto Saito, Tomohiko Koibuchi, Kazuyoshi Hosomichi, Jun Ohashi, Ai Kawana-Tachikawa, Tetsuro Matano, Takeya Tsutsumi, Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
Summary: Three doses of Aimmugen(R) were effective for MSM-LWHIV, while two doses were less effective compared to non-HIV-infected individuals. Individuals with shorter ART duration and lower CD4 cell count achieved lower titers of anti-HA-IgG and may require additional vaccination.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yasuko Kohda, Shuichi Sakamoto, Maya Umekita, Tomoyuki Kimura, Yumiko Kubota, Rie Arisaka, Yuko Shibuya, Hideyuki Muramatsu, Ryuichi Sawa, Shingo Dan, Manabu Kawada, Masayuki Igarashi
Summary: The newly isolated bispolides C-E exhibit distinct structures from other known bispolides, and show antibacterial and cytotoxic activities against drug-resistant bacteria and tumor cells, indicating potential pharmaceutical value.
JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicholas Nii-Trebi, Saori Matsuoka, Ai Kawana-Tachikawa, Evelyn Y. Bonney, Christopher Z. Abana, Sampson B. Ofori, Taketoshi Mizutani, Aya Ishizaka, Teiichiro Shiino, Jun Ohashi, Taeko K. Naruse, Akinori Kimura, Hiroshi Kiyono, Koichi Ishikawa, William K. Ampofo, Tetsuro Matano
Summary: Polymorphisms in HLA class I loci have a significant impact on disease progression in HIV-1 infection. This study analyzed the HLA typing data in a West African population using a super high-resolution single-molecule sequence-based typing (SS-SBT) technique. Several HLA alleles were associated with clinical markers and viral load, but the impact of protective alleles against specific HIV-1 subtypes was not observed in this cohort.
Review
Virology
Taketoshi Mizutani, Aya Ishizaka, Michiko Koga, Takeya Tsutsumi, Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
Summary: Viral infections are influenced by various microorganisms in the environment, and the type and balance of commensal microbiota play a key role in the establishment of infection and pathogenicity. Understanding the interactions among viruses, target tissues, and the surrounding environment, including the commensal microbiota, is crucial for understanding the pathogenesis of viral infections.
Article
Microbiology
Theophilus Afum, Diana Asema Asandem, Prince Asare, Adwoa Asante-Poku, Gloria Ivy Mensah, Abdul Basit Musah, David Opare, Kiyosi Taniguchi, Nuhu Muniru Guinko, Thelma Aphour, Doris Arhin, Koichi Ishikawa, Tetsuro Matano, Taketoshi Mizutani, Franklin Asiedu-Bekoe, Hiroshi Kiyono, Abraham Kwabena Anang, Kwadwo Ansah Koram, Dorothy Yeboah-Manu
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of diarrhea-causing bacteria in Ghana. The study found that Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Vibrio, and Shigella were common bacteria implicated in diarrhea cases in Ghana, with Escherichia coli and Salmonella being the most prevalent. These isolates showed resistance to commonly used drugs, which may render treatment nearly impossible in the future. Routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing and nationwide surveillance of antimicrobial resistance pathogens should be implemented.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Taketoshi Mizutani, Aya Ishizaka, Michiko Koga, Kazuhiko Ikeuchi, Makoto Saito, Eisuke Adachi, Seiya Yamayoshi, Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Atsuhiro Yasuhara, Hiroshi Kiyono, Tetsuro Matano, Yutaka Suzuki, Takeya Tsutsumi, Yoshihiro Kawaoka, Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
Summary: This study analyzed the temporal changes in the gut microbiota of hospitalized COVID-19 patients and explored the correlation between gut microbiota and inflammation biomarkers/cytokines. The results showed differences in gut microbiota between COVID-19 patients and healthy subjects, which continued to change during hospitalization. Additionally, the composition of the gut microbiota was correlated with levels of proinflammatory cytokines, highlighting the importance of understanding the gut microbiota changes in relation to COVID-19 pathology.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Biology
Yukie Kashima, Keiya Kaneko, Patrick Reteng, Nina Yoshitake, Lucky Ronald Runtuwene, Satoi Nagasawa, Masaya Onishi, Masahide Seki, Ayako Suzuki, Sumio Sugano, Mamiko Sakata-Yanagimoto, Yumiko Imai, Kaori Nakayama-Hosoya, Ai Kawana-Tachikawa, Taketoshi Mizutani, Yutaka Suzuki
Summary: Immune responses vary between individuals and can be influenced by personal health histories and unique environmental conditions. In this study, a systematic time-lapse single-cell analysis was conducted to investigate immune-cell profiles of seven healthy individuals. The results revealed significant diversity in immune-cell composition between individuals, with daily fluctuations observed even within the same individual. These findings provide important background information to better understand individual immune responses in different environmental conditions.
LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Prince Kofi Parbie, Christopher Zaab-Yen Abana, Dennis Kushitor, Theodore Worlanyo Asigbee, Nana Afia Asante Ntim, Gifty Addo-Tetebo, Maclean Richard Darko Ansong, Sampson Badu Ofori, Taketoshi Mizutani, Lucky Ronald Runtuwene, Masako Nishizawa, Koichi Ishikawa, Hiroshi Kiyono, William Kwabena Ampofo, Tetsuro Matano, Evelyn Yayra Bonney, Tadashi Kikuchi
Summary: This study investigated drug resistance mutations in ART naive and experienced PLWH in Ghana. It found high-level resistance to NNRTI-based antiretroviral therapy in PLWH, with dominant mutations against NRTI-M184V/I and NNRTI-K103N.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yukie Kashima, Taketoshi Mizutani, Kaori Nakayama-Hosoya, Saya Moriyama, Takayuki Matsumura, Yoshihiro Yoshimura, Hiroaki Sasaki, Hiroshi Horiuchi, Nobuyuki Miyata, Kazuhito Miyazaki, Natsuo Tachikawa, Yoshimasa Takahashi, Tadaki Suzuki, Sumio Sugano, Tetsuro Matano, Ai Kawana-Tachikawa, Yutaka Suzuki
Summary: Through the analysis of single-cell transcriptome and T cell receptor repertoire, differences in cell proportions and gene expression profiles were found between mild and severe cases of COVID-19, as well as among severe cases. In a severely infected elderly patient, characteristics such as depletion of naive T cells, low T cell receptor repertoire diversity, and aberrant hyperactivation of immune cell subsets were observed. This study provides valuable insights into the diversity of immune landscapes and responses.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Christopher Z-Y. Abana, Dennis K. Kushitor, Theodore W. Asigbee, Prince K. Parbie, Koichi Ishikawa, Hiroshi Kiyono, Taketoshi Mizutani, Samuel Siaw, Sampson B. Ofori, Gifty Addo-Tetebo, Maclean R. D. Ansong, Marion Williams, Samuel Morton, George Danquah, Tetsuro Matano, William K. Ampofo, Evelyn Y. Bonney
Summary: A community-based multi-disease health screening conducted in Ghana's Eastern region showed a higher HIV prevalence in the screened communities compared to national and regional averages. The study suggests that such screenings could play a critical role in identifying HIV-infected individuals and linking them to care, contributing to the goal of ending AIDS by 2030.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kazuhiko Ikeuchi, Takeya Tsutsumi, Aya Ishizaka, Taketoshi Mizutani, Ayako Sedohara, Michiko Koga, Satoru Tamaoki, Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
Summary: Rifaximin significantly reduced the abundance of Lactobacillaceae in the duodenum and jejunum of mice with CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. Moreover, changes in the duodenal and small intestinal microbiota were not associated with that of stool.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yukie Kashima, Taketoshi Mizutani, Yuki Okimoto, Minami Maeda, Kaoru Musashino, Ryo-ichi Nishide, Akira Matsukura, Jison Nagase, Yutaka Suzuki
Summary: Understanding the spread and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial in preparing for future pandemics. This study analyzed the viral genomes of SARS-CoV-2 in Kashiwa City, Japan and found distinct patterns of spread and evolution between regions and clinics. The study also observed an acceleration in viral evolution coinciding with the start of public vaccination.
Article
Virology
Aya Ishizaka, Michiko Koga, Taketoshi Mizutani, Ryuta Uraki, Seiya Yamayoshi, Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Shinya Yamamoto, Masaki Imai, Takeya Tsutsumi, Yutaka Suzuki, Yoshihiro Kawaoka, Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
Summary: This study analyzed the changes in nasal microbiota and immune response after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in 18 healthy participants. The vaccine was found to induce the production of S-RBD antibodies in the nasal mucosa, which can help fight against potential bacterial pathogens. This effect may be considered as a secondary benefit of mRNA vaccination and provides insights into the symbiotic relationship between the host and bacteria in the nasal mucosa.
Article
Tropical Medicine
Motoi Adachi, Kiyosu Taniguchi, Hiroki Hori, Taketoshi Mizutani, Aya Ishizaka, Koichi Ishikawa, Tetsuro Matano, David Opare, Doris Arhin, Franklin Bekoe Asiedu, William Kwabena Ampofo, Dorothy Manu Yeboah, Kwadwo Ansah Koram, Abraham Kwabena Anang, Hiroshi Kiyono
Summary: Ghana, as a middle-income country in Western Africa, has faced challenges in effectively implementing surveillance for infectious diseases. Efforts have been made to strengthen diarrhea surveillance and involve private clinic/hospital facilities in the surveillance network. The collaboration between top referral laboratories is crucial for rapid response to public health emergencies.
TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ryohei Kajino, Shuichi Sakamoto, Yoshihito Ueno
Summary: In this study, the synthesis of (S)-5'-C-aminopropyl-2'-O-methyladenosine and (S)-5'-C-aminopropyl-2'-O-methylguanosine phosphoramidites was reported, and the properties of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) containing four (S)-5'-C-aminopropyl-2'-O-methylnucleosides were investigated. The results showed that siRNAs containing (S)-5'-C-aminopropyl-nucleosides at the 3'- and 5'-regions of the passenger strand exhibited good tolerance for RNA interference (RNAi) activity, while the (S)-5'-C-aminopropyl modification in the central region of the passenger strand decreased the RNAi activity. Furthermore, siRNAs containing three or four consecutive (S)-5'-C-aminopropyl-2'-O-methylnucleosides at the 3'- and 5'-regions of the passenger strand showed RNAi activity similar to that of the corresponding 2'-O-methyl-modified siRNAs. Finally, it was observed that (S)-5'-C-aminopropyl modifications effectively improved the serum stability of the siRNAs compared with 2'-O-methyl modifications.