Article
Food Science & Technology
Babak Pakbin, Wolfram Manuel Bruck, Samaneh Allahyari, John W. A. Rossen, Razzagh Mahmoudi
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence, genotypic and phenotypic antibiotic resistance profile, and clonal relatedness of C. sakazakii strains isolated from powdered infant formula milk (PIFM) samples collected in Tehran, Iran. The results showed a high prevalence rate of C. sakazakii in PIFM samples, with high resistance to multiple antibiotics and a diverse genetic profile. The study highlights the need for novel microbial surveillance systems to control the contamination of this foodborne pathogen in infant foods.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hongxuan Li, Shiqian Fu, Danliangmin Song, Xue Qin, Wei Zhang, Chaoxin Man, Xinyan Yang, Yujun Jiang
Summary: In this study, 35 Cronobacter strains isolated from powdered infant formula and its processing environment were identified and typed using 16S rRNA sequencing and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) technology. A total of 35 different sequence types were obtained, including three new ones that were isolated for the first time. The antibiotic resistance analysis revealed that all isolates were resistant to erythromycin but sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Moreover, 68.57% of the strains showed multi-drug resistance, with the most drug-resistant Cronobacter strain exhibiting resistance to 13 different drugs. Transcriptomics analysis identified 77 differentially expressed genes related to drug resistance, and the study further revealed that Cronobacter strains can activate multidrug efflux systems to enhance drug resistance. Understanding the drug resistance and mechanisms of Cronobacter is of great public health significance for the rational selection and development of antibacterial drugs, as well as the control and treatment of infections caused by this pathogenic microorganism.
Article
Pediatrics
Katelyn V. Chiang, Erica H. Anstey, Steven A. Abrams, Cria G. Perrine
Summary: Research suggests that heating water for preparing infant formula may pose a risk of burns to infants. Although the incidence of burn injuries is relatively low, there is still a potential danger that should be addressed in preparation guidelines.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ju Liu, Guoyang Xie, Qin Xiong, Dan Mu, Hengyi Xu
Summary: A simple and sensitive fluorescent turn-off aptasensor was developed for detecting viable Cronobacter sakazakii in powdered infant formula. The sensor showed good performance and specificity in detecting the pathogen within 3 hours in both pure culture and formula samples.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Danliangmin Song, Xuehe Qi, Yan Huang, Ai Jia, Yaqi Liang, Chaoxin Man, Xinyan Yang, Yujun Jiang
Summary: Cronobacter species are opportunistic foodborne pathogens that pose a threat to infant health. This study investigates the relationship between antibiotic tolerance and virulence in Cronobacter, and identifies proteins implicated in virulence and antibiotic resistance through proteomics analysis. The findings suggest that antibiotic tolerance in Cronobacter is associated with increased production of enterotoxin and hemolysin, and certain strains exhibit decreased utilization of sialic acid. The study also reveals different proteomes and virulence-related proteins in strains with different antibiotic tolerance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yuan-song Zhang, Xuechao Xu, Juanli Yang, Mengyuan Tan, Wenyuan Zhou, Lu Gao, Zhen-quan Yang
Summary: In this study, a chromogenic system based on phage-directed immobilized nanozyme was developed for colorimetric measurement of Cronobacter sakazakii in powdered infant formula (PIF). The method showed high specificity and low detection limit, successfully detecting C. sakazakii and achieving good recovery rates.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Bao Gao, Tongtong Ma, Lin Feng, Xiaolin Huang, Xuelan Chen, Yonghua Xiong
Summary: In this study, a novel immunosensor using the light scattering intensity of silver and gold alloy as a signal transducer was developed to enhance the sensitivity and linearity for quantitative detection of Cronobacter muytjensii. The developed method showed high sensitivity with a low detection limit, wide dynamic range, and acceptable accuracy for quantitative detection of C. muytjensii in real PIF samples.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lihan Wang, Xinyi Pang, Jiayuan Zhao, Haonan Jin, Xinyan Yang, Shiqian Fu, Shasha Cheng, Hongxuan Li, Chao Miao, Chaoxin Man, Yujun Jiang
Summary: JK004 is a novel virulent phage isolated from the native environment of C. sakazakii, known for its tolerance to heat, pH, and osmotic-stress. It shows excellent antibacterial activity against C. sakazakii and biofilms, without containing any known virulence, transduction, or antibiotic resistance genes, indicating its safety for practical applications in food production. The study suggests the potential of JK004 as an effective strategy for controlling C. sakazakii.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Geng Zou, Libere Ndayishimiye, Lingxiang Xin, Manshan Cai, Longjian Zhang, Jie Li, Zhiyong Song, Renwei Wu, Yang Zhou, Yuanguo Shi, Yingwang Ye, Rui Zhou, Jinquan Li
Summary: In this study, a phage termed LPCS28 with a broad lysis spectrum against C. sakazakii was isolated from environmental water samples. LPCS28 showed high thermal stability, with no significant decrease in titer after heating at 60 degrees C for one hour. Upon thermal processing at 63 degrees C for 30 min, LPCS28 effectively inhibited C. sakazakii in reconstituted powdered infant formula and liquid milk, reducing its concentration to below the limit of detection within 9 h at 37 degrees C. Phylogenetic analysis classified LPCS28 as a new genus, Nanhuvirus, within the family Straboviridae. These results highlight the potential of LPCS28 as a biological control agent against pathogenic C. sakazakii in the dairy industry.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Minho Kim, Gustavo A. Reyes, Xianbin Cheng, Matthew J. Stasiewicz
Summary: Cronobacter is a hard-to-detect hazard in powdered infant formula. We conducted tests using different sampling plans and found that taking 30 or more samples can reliably detect contamination.
JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Zhanwen Zheng, Yawen Xie, Sheng Ma, Junhong Tu, Jiahui Li, Sen Liang, Yunfeng Xu, Chao Shi
Summary: The study demonstrated that 405-nm LED light effectively inactivated C. sakazakii in PIF, reducing its tolerance to various environmental stressors. LED illumination also downregulated the transcription levels of tolerance-associated genes and caused damage to bacterial cell membranes. This suggests the potential of 405-nm LED technology in preventing and controlling pathogens in food processing and storage environments.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hye Ri Kim, Byoung Chan Kim
Summary: In this study, a newly proposed sequential partitioning method was used to isolate specific aptamers for all seven species of Cronobacter. This method avoided repeated enrichment steps and reduced the selection time compared to the conventional SELEX process. Four aptamers with high affinity and specificity for Cronobacter were successfully isolated, and they could effectively detect Cronobacter in contaminated PIF.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xin Gan, Baowei Yang, Xiaofei Wang, Yinping Dong, Yujie Hu, Jin Xu, Fengqin Li
Summary: The study found Cronobacter contamination in powdered infant formula from two factories in China. Most isolates were susceptible to antimicrobial agents, but one showed intermediate resistance to Chloramphenicol. Different clusters of isolates were identified, with C8, C4, and C5 being the predominant types. All isolates were capable of forming biofilm, with C. malonaticus isolates showing good biofilm-forming ability at different temperatures. The results highlight the importance of control measures to reduce Cronobacter contamination and foodborne illnesses in infants.
QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Peng Fei, He Jing, Yan Ma, Gege Dong, Yunhe Chang, Zhaoxu Meng, Shilong Jiang, Qinggang Xie, Shuzhen Li, Xi Chen, Weiwei Yang
Summary: The study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of Cronobacter spp. in commercial powdered infant formula (PIF) from nine provinces in China. It found that Cronobacter spp. contamination was common in PIF, with the main sequence types being ST4, ST1, and ST64, and the dominant serotype being C. sakazakii serotype O2. Most isolates were susceptible to commonly used antibiotics, but showed resistance to cephalothin and vancomycin.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yanpeng Yang, Sheng Ma, Kailun Guo, Du Guo, Jiahui Li, Muxue Wang, Yutang Wang, Chunling Zhang, Xiaodong Xia, Chao Shi
Summary: This study found that combined LED illumination and citral treatment can effectively reduce the abundance of C. sakazakii in reconstituted powdered infant formula. The combination treatment also destroys cellular morphology and membrane integrity, and induces lipid peroxidation. Neither LED illumination nor citral treatment results in DNA breakdown in C. sakazakii.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ki Beom Jang, Sung Woo Kim
Summary: This study evaluated the digestibility of amino acids in fermented soybean meal when added at 20% in diets for nursery pigs. The results showed that the digestibility of amino acids measured using both direct and difference procedures was similar. This suggests that fermented soybean meal is an effective protein supplement providing highly digestible amino acids to nursery pigs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marcos Elias Duarte, Chad H. Stahl, Sung Woo Kim
Summary: This study investigated the intestinal oxidative damage caused by F18(+) Escherichia coli and the amelioration effect of the antibacterial bacitracin in nursery pigs. The results showed that F18(+) E. coli infection decreased the growth performance and harmed the intestinal health of the pigs. Bacitracin reduced the population of the infecting bacteria and the oxidative damage they caused, resulting in improved intestinal health and growth performance in nursery pigs.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ki Beom Jang, Yan Zhao, Young Ihn Kim, Tiago Pasquetti, Sung Woo Kim
Summary: This study investigated the effects of 3-mannanase on metabolizable energy and apparent total tract digestibility of protein in various feedstuffs. The results showed that supplementation of 3-mannanase improved the metabolizable energy and protein digestibility in certain feedstuffs, but the efficacy was influenced by factors such as feed structure and composition.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenxia Li, Yufen Chen, Yunting Zhang, Ning Zhao, Wanfeng Zhang, Mingyue Shi, Yan Zhao, Chunbo Cai, Chang Lu, Pengfei Gao, Xiaohong Guo, Bugao Li, Sung-Woo Kim, Yang Yang, Guoqing Cao
Summary: Pigs, especially the Mashen and Large White breeds, exhibit diverse transcriptional responses in skeletal muscle under cold stress. The Mashen pigs demonstrate stable physiological homeostasis and a strong immune response, while the Large White pigs primarily regulate heat production and energy metabolism. The PRSS8 gene plays a role in cellular energy metabolism and thermogenesis. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying cold adaptation in pigs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Timothy E. Boston, Feng Wang, Lin Xi, Sung Woo Kim, Vivek Fellner, Mark F. Scott, Amanda L. Ziegler, Laurianne Van Landeghem, Anthony T. Blikslager, Jack Odle
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Vitor Hugo C. Moita, Sung Woo Kim
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Zixiao Deng, Ki Beom Jang, Sung Woo Kim
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hyunjun Choi, Sung Woo Kim
Summary: The use of antibiotics in animal feeds has been phased out, leading to a need for alternative methods to maintain the intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs. Beta-glucans, specifically microbial beta-glucans, have been shown to have positive effects on intestinal health and growth. However, cereal beta-glucans, which are found in high amounts in cereal grains-based diets, can interfere with the positive effects of microbial beta-glucans. The structural differences between cereal and microbial beta-glucans play a crucial role in their functional effects on nursery pigs.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Marcos Elias Duarte, Yesid Garavito-Duarte, Sung Woo Kim
Summary: Intensive pig farming practices have led to an increase in post-weaning diarrhea caused by F18(+) Escherichia coli, which is often treated with antibiotics. However, the overuse of antibiotics has resulted in antibiotic-resistant bacteria, posing risks to pig production and public health. F18(+) E. coli damages the intestines of nursery pigs, leading to reduced growth performance. Various nutritional interventions, such as low crude protein formulation and probiotics, have been explored to improve intestinal health and growth. Effective strategies to control F18(+) E. coli are crucial for pig production.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
L. Vanessa Lagos, Jason C. Woodworth, Sung Woo Kim, Hans H. Stein
Summary: Data from Europe shows that commercial pig diets in the United States contain more calcium than formulated, while the analyzed concentrations of total calcium and phosphorus in these diets are not higher than formulated values. The study found that on average, the calculated calcium content in US pig diets was 0.19 percentage units higher than the formulated values, while the oversupply of phosphorus was only 0.06 percentage units. Therefore, more attention should be given to the actual concentration of calcium in pig diets to avoid oversupply and its negative effects.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Marcos Elias Elias Duarte, Chad Stahl, Sung Woo Kim
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Adsos Adami Passos, Vitor Hugo Cardoso Moita, Sung Woo Kim
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of individual or combinational use of phytase, protease, and xylanase on the digestibility of corn, soybean meal, and distillers dried grains with soluble (DDGS) in pigs. The results showed that phytase improved the digestibility of phosphorus in corn, while the combination of phytase with protease and xylanase improved the digestibility of dry matter and phosphorus in soybean meal and DDGS. Xylanase was more effective in DDGS diets.
Meeting Abstract
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jonathan T. Baker, Marcos Elias Elias Duarte, Sung Woo Kim, Alexa R. Gormley, Ki beom Jang
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hyunjun Choi, Sung Woo Kim
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hans H. Stein, Olayiwola Adeola, Sung Woo Kim, Phillip S. Miller, Sunday A. Adedokun
Summary: The variation in nutritional composition among different sources of bakery meal was tested in this experiment, and differences in concentrations of DE, ME, and NE were observed. The average values of DE, ME, and NE in 11 sources of bakery meal were close to previous reports, but there was some variation among sources based on origin.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Guangfei Wei, Yichuan Liang, Guozhuang Zhang, Zhaoyu Zhang, Yongqing Zhang, Shilin Chen, Linlin Dong
Summary: This study investigated the presence of fungi on the surface of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb and found that it is easily contaminated by toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins, posing a health risk for consumers. The results also showed that sampling location and processing can influence the assembly and network complexity of the surface microbiome of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Gabriele Busetta, Giuliana Garofalo, Salvatore Claps, Maria Teresa Sardina, Elena Franciosi, Antonio Alfonzo, Nicola Francesca, Giancarlo Moschetti, Luca Settanni, Raimondo Gaglio
Summary: This study evaluates the microbial diversity of wooden shelves used for the ripening of PDO Pecorino di Filiano and PGI Canestrato di Moliterno cheeses. The results show a strict correlation between the microbiota of wooden shelves and cheese rinds, indicating the positive role of wooden shelves in the cheese ripening process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Massimo Todaro, Giuliana Garofalo, Gabriele Busetta, Riccardo Gannuscio, Ambra Rita Di Rosa, Maria Luisa Scatassa, Cinzia Cardamone, Isabella Mancuso, Elena Franciosi, Fatima Rando, Monica Agnolucci, Vincenzo Chiofalo, Raimondo Gaglio, Luca Settanni
Summary: This study aimed to reduce the production time of PDO Pecorino Siciliano cheese by comparing two cooking methods and assessing their impact on microbiological composition and lactic acid bacteria populations. The results showed that the different cooking methods did not affect the physicochemical characteristics of the cheese, and sensory evaluation confirmed that the modified production protocol did not significantly alter the product characteristics and overall acceptance. Therefore, cooking under hot water proved to be an effective way to reduce the transformation duration while maintaining the typicality of PDO Pecorino Siciliano cheese.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yingying Sun, Yana Liu, Weiwei Zhou, Lele Shao, Han Wang, Yijie Zhao, Bo Zou, Xingmin Li, Ruitong Dai
Summary: The study evaluates the effect of Ohmic heating (OH) at various voltage gradients and water bath on microbial inactivation, physicochemical and sensory properties, and microbial flora of pasteurized milk. Results show that OH with higher voltage effectively inactivates microorganisms, slows down lipid oxidation, and maintains sensory quality and amino acids content of milk. The microbial community in milk treated with OH remains relatively stable during storage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Minjin Oh, Ana Cevallos-Urena, Byoung Sik Kim
Summary: In this study, two bacteriophages, PECP14 and PECP20, infecting Escherichia coli O157:H7 were isolated and found to be stable under different environmental conditions. These phages exhibited specificity in targeting different host receptors and demonstrated the ability to infect other foodborne pathogens. The efficacy of phage treatment was demonstrated through rapid adsorption and bacterial lysis. Furthermore, purified endolysins derived from these phages showed remarkable bacteriolytic activity not only against E. coli O157:H7 but also against other pathogens. These findings suggest that these phages and their endolysins can be used for biological control of E. coli O157:H7 in various stages of agricultural product production.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Filippo Marzoli, Michela Bertola, Juliane Pinarelli Fazion, Giulia Cento, Pietro Antonelli, Beatrice Dolzan, Lisa Barco, Simone Belluco
Summary: Insects are a sustainable and protein-rich food source, and Salmonella is a common pathogen in insects. This systematic review aims to collect and evaluate existing studies on the occurrence of Salmonella in crickets and mealworms. Although the number of studies is limited and there are some limitations, this review highlights the importance of obtaining reliable data on the presence of Salmonella in insects, considering the growing market and increased farming scale.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Lucas Chikhi, Melanie Mancier, Hubert Brugere, Bertrand Lombard, Lyazrhi Faouzi, Laurent Guillier, Nathalie Gnanou Besse
Summary: Listeriosis is a severe foodborne disease with a high mortality rate, mainly caused by L. monocytogenes. The EU regulation sets qualitative or quantitative food safety criteria for L. monocytogenes and recommends the use of EN ISO 11290-1 as the reference detection method. Our study compares alternative certified methods for detecting L. monocytogenes, highlighting the importance of diversifying available detection methods.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Christina A. M. DeWitt, Kevin A. Nelson, Hyung Joo Kim, David H. Kingsley
Summary: High pressure processing (HPP) is a non-thermal method that can effectively inactivate pathogens. Research has shown that applying high pressure to thawed samples in an ultra-low temperature environment enhances the inactivation of norovirus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Suzane Manzini, Thaina Valente Bertozzo, Isabella Neves Aires, Nassarah Jabur Lot Rodrigues, Amanda Bezerra Bertolini, Marcela Alexandrino, Jackieline Sampaio Steinle, Renata Pimentel Bandeira de Melo, Rinaldo Aparecido Mota, Maria Izabel Merino de Medeiros, Virginia Bodelao Richini-Pereira, Vera Claudia Lorenzetti Magalhaes Curci, Simone Baldini Lucheis
Summary: This study detected Toxoplasma gondii DNA in raw bovine milk samples from expansion tanks in small properties located in different cities of the Midwest region of Sa similar to o Paulo, Brazil using PCR. The results showed that the TgNP1 and TgNP2 genes were more efficient in detecting T. gondii DNA, highlighting the importance of raw bovine milk as a potential source of human infections caused by this parasite, and emphasizing the need for proper pasteurization and further understanding of the epidemiology of this protozoan.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Luca Bolzoni, Mauro Conter, Luca Lamperti, Erika Scaltriti, Marina Morganti, Antonio Poeta, Marco Vecchi, Silvia Paglioli, Alessandra Rampini, Paolo Ramoni, Daniela De Vita, Cristina Bacci, Martina Rega, Laura Andriani, Stefano Pongolini, Silvia Bonardi
Summary: This study assessed the role of equids as carriers of Salmonella and the occurrence of contaminated equid carcasses during the slaughter process. Salmonella was detected in a small percentage of equids' caecal contents, but not in carcass samples. Additionally, a genetic match was found between Salmonella strains from horse caecal contents and human cases, suggesting a link between horse meat consumption and salmonellosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Daria Nowinski, Tomasz Czapka, Irena Maliszewska
Summary: The effect of multiple sublethal doses of non-thermal plasma treatments on phenotypical changes and the reduction in phytopathogenicity of three species of fungi was investigated. The plasma damaged the surface of the fungal hyphae, decreased their dry biomass, and affected the activity of pectinase and xylanase. Furthermore, the plasma treatments increased the germination rate of artificially infected cucumber seeds and resulted in plants with higher biomass and longer roots and stems. However, the reduction in phytopathogenicity was not complete after the multiple plasma treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2024)