Integration analysis of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) role in tumorigenesis of colon adenocarcinoma

Background Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers globally. Molecular aberrations of tumor suppressors and/or oncogenes are the main contributors to tumorigenesis. However, the exact underlying mechanisms of COAD pathogenesis are clearly not known yet. In this regard, there is an urgent need to indicate promising potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in COAD patients. Methods In the current study, level 3 RNA-Seq and miR-Seq data and corresponding clinical data of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) were retrieved from the TCGA database. The limma package in R software was utilized to indicate the differentially expressed genes. For in silico functional analysis, GO and KEGG signaling pathways were conducted. PPI network was constructed based on the STRING online database by Cytoscape 3.7.2. A ceRNA network was also constructed by GDCRNATools package in R software. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (log-rank test) and ROC curve analysis were used to indicate the diagnostic and prognostic values of the biomarkers. Results The differential expression data demonstrated that 2995 mRNAs, 205 lncRNAs, and 345 miRNAs were differentially expressed in COAD. The GO and KEGG pathway analysis indicated that the differentially expressed mRNAs were primarily enriched in canonical processes in cancer. The PPI network showed that the CDKN2A, CCND1, MYC, E2F, CDK4, BRCA2, CDC25B, and CDKN1A proteins were the critical hubs. In addition, the Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that 215 mRNAs, 14 lncRNAs, and 39 miRNAs were associated with overall survival time in the patients. Also, the ceRNA network data demonstrated that three lncRNAs includingMIR17HG, H19, SNHG1, KCNQ1OT1, MALAT1, GAS5, SNHG20, OR2A1-AS1,andMAGI2-AS3genes were involved in the development of COAD. Conclusions Our data suggested several promising lncRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with COAD.