Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Congcong Ma, Huiyu Xu, Xianhua Zhang, Guoshuang Feng, Li Shi, Yuan Sua, Li Yang, Rongsheng Zhao, Jie Qiao
Summary: This study evaluated the role of classic and 11oxyC19 androgens in polycystic ovary morphology (PCOM) and menstrual cycle prolongation in women with PCOS. The results showed that testosterone was the most significant contributing androgen in PCOM, while androstenedione was the most significant contributing androgen in menstrual cycle prolongation. However, their contributions diminished when considering other factors, especially AMH.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Karen E. Elkind-Hirsch, Neil Chappell, Donna Shaler, John Storment, Drake Bellanger
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the GLP-1 analog liraglutide 3 mg (LIRA 3 mg) in reducing body weight and hyperandrogenism in women with obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The results showed that LIRA 3 mg was superior to placebo in reducing body weight, lowering androgen levels, and improving cardiometabolic parameters.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alice Bongrani, Ingrid Plotton, Namya Mellouk, Christelle Rame, Fabrice Guerif, Pascal Froment, Joelle Dupont
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the expression profile of androgens in the follicular fluid of PCOS patients and compare it to control women and women with only polycystic ovary morphology. The results showed that the intrafollicular concentrations of androgens synthesized by ovarian theca cells were significantly higher in PCOS patients compared to control women, and were positively correlated with PCOS clinical and biological features. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between the intrafollicular concentrations of androgens and adipokines, suggesting a close relationship between these two hormonal systems in ovarian physiology and PCOS physiopathology.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Manuel R. Garcia-Saenz, Miry Lobaton-Ginsberg, Claudia Ramirez-Renteria, Nitzia Lopez-Juarez, Renata Saucedo, Jorge Valencia-Ortega, Aldo Ferreira-Hermosillo
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical and biochemical characteristics of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). The results showed a prevalence of 39% for PCOS in T1D patients, and significant differences were found between patients with and without PCOS in terms of insulin usage, glucose levels, ovarian volume, and Ferriman-Gallwey scores. Additionally, PCOS women had a higher incidence of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
M. Insenser, A. Quintero, S. de Lope, F. Alvarez-Blasco, M. A. Martinez-Garcia, M. Luque-Ramirez, H. F. Escobar-Morreale
Summary: This research found that the expression of miR-142-3p and miR-598-3p, which are associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), differs significantly between women with PCOS and those without. These circulating miRNAs, when combined with easily available measurements such as waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and circulating LH-to-FSH (LH/FSH) ratios, can effectively distinguish between women with and without PCOS.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ningyu Sun, Yuanyuan Chen, Lu Lu, Hua Yan, Jing Zhou, Kai Li, Wuwen Zhang, Lihua Yuan, Boon Chin Heng, Weiwei Zeng, Yin Shi, Guoqing Tong, Ping Yin
Summary: This study aimed to analyze and compare the expression of peptides in the follicular fluid of PCOS patients and normal women using peptidomics techniques. The results showed that there were various differentially-expressed peptides in the follicular fluid of PCOS patients compared to normal women, and some of these peptides were located in the functional domains of their corresponding precursor proteins. These findings provide new insights for further understanding the pathological mechanisms of PCOS development.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Shazia Afrine, Jasmine Ara Haque, Md Shahed Morshed, Hurjahan Banu, Ahmed Hossain, Muhammad Abul Hasanat
Summary: This study found that ovarian volume may be more closely related to the androgenic and metabolic characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) than follicle number per ovary.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE-CERM
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sarantis Livadas, Rodis Paparodis, Panagiotis Anagnostis, Alessandra Gambineri, Jelica Bjekic-Macut, Tijana Petrovic, Bulent O. Yildiz, Dragan Micic, George Mastorakos, Djuro Macut
Summary: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at higher risk for dysglycemia and type 2 diabetes compared to healthy BMI-matched women of reproductive age. The incidence of this disorder varies among studies, and there is no consensus on the best screening method and frequency. Universal screening with oral glucose tolerance test is suggested to identify and manage glycemic abnormalities in young women with PCOS, regardless of age or BMI status. Regular follow-up and lifestyle interventions, such as balanced diet and exercise, are important for this specific population.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Uche Ezeh, Chima Ezeh, Margareta D. Pisarska, Ricardo Azziz
Summary: In women with PCOS, those with menstrual cycle abnormalities have higher levels of insulin resistance (IR) but not hyperandrogenism (HA), suggesting that IR, and not HA, plays a role in determining the degree of menstrual dysfunction and can be used as a clinical marker for IR in PCOS.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anuradhaa Subramanian, Astha Anand, Nicola J. Adderley, Kelvin Okoth, Konstantinos A. Toulis, Krishna Gokhale, Christopher Sainsbury, Michael W. O'Reilly, Wiebke Arlt, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar
Summary: The study revealed that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at an increased risk of COVID-19 infection compared to women without PCOS, with the risk remaining elevated even after adjusting for other variables. Therefore, it is crucial for PCOS patients to adhere to infection control measures during the COVID-19 pandemic.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Javad Heshmati, Ashraf Moini, Mahdi Sepidarkish, Mojgan Morvaridzadeh, Masoud Salehi, Andriko Palmowski, Maryam Farid Mojtahedi, Farzad Shidfar
Summary: The study found that using curcumin in PCOS patients can effectively improve blood sugar and androgen levels, and is safe and reliable. Longer trials with different dosages are needed to confirm these findings.
Article
Immunology
Yi Zhai, Yanli Pang
Summary: PCOS is a common disorder related to endocrine/reproductive/metabolic systems, and it is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. Patients with PCOS have higher levels of inflammatory cells and factors, as well as lower levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines. This systemic inflammation is thought to interact with obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperandrogenism.
JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Hannah E. Young, Wendy E. Ward
Summary: Women with PCOS may have long-term metabolic consequences and be at risk for chronic diseases such as osteoporosis and periodontal disease. Further research is needed to clarify the risks associated with aging in PCOS and provide direction for future studies.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yuanyuan Feng, Zhijing Tang, Wei Zhang
Summary: This review discusses the pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and the role of immune cells, particularly macrophages, in it. It describes the distribution characteristics of macrophage subpopulations in patients and animal models, discusses the role of macrophages in PCOS-related pathological features and its mechanisms, and provides insights for finding new therapeutic targets for PCOS through research on immune-endocrine interactions.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nazia Begum, Kandavalli Manipriya, B. Veeresh
Summary: This study developed a new animal model by combining a high-fat diet with letrozole to better simulate polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Compared to the letrozole-only model, this new model can better demonstrate metabolic anomalies observed in PCOS.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ivonne M. C. M. Rietjens, Samuel M. Cohen, Gerhard Eisenbrand, Shoji Fukushima, Nigel J. Gooderham, F. Peter Guengerich, Stephen S. Hecht, Thomas J. Rosol, Jeanne M. Davidsen, Christie L. Harman, Sean V. Taylor
Summary: The FEMA Expert Panel program has evaluated the safety of NFCs used in food and published an updated procedure. The GRAS status of NFCs with propenylhydroxybenzene and allylalkoxybenzene constituents has been affirmed under their intended use as flavoring ingredients. The evaluation includes relevant data on absorption, metabolism, genotoxic potential, and toxicology.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara Anjum Niinuma, Laila Lubbad, Walaa Lubbad, Abu Saleh Md Moin, Alexandra E. Butler
Summary: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women, and the exact cause is still unknown. Recent research has focused on the role of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Abnormal expression of HSPs is observed in PCOS, affecting ovarian cell proliferation, apoptosis, and immune processes. HSP dysregulation leads to an imbalance in follicle development, resulting in polycystic ovaries. HSPs may also play a role in PCOS-associated conditions and could be a target for novel treatment strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Niloofar Sekhavati, Elmira Noori, Mitra Abbasifard, Alexandra E. E. Butler, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: Statins reduce serum cholesterol and isoprenoids by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles released by all cells, play a role in cell-to-cell communication by transferring proteins, metabolites, and nucleic acids. Many studies have shown the effects of statins on exosomes, including their production, release, content, uptake, and function.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Saad I. Mallah, Abdulla Alawadhi, Jaleela Jawad, Pearl Wasif, Basma Alsaffar, Ejlal Alalawi, Afaf Merza Mohamed, Alexandra E. Butler, Batool Alalawi, Donia Qayed, Sayed Ali Almahari, Ali Mubarak, Aalaa Mubarak, Sawsan Saeed, Ahmed Humaidan, Nitya Kumar, Stephen Atkin, Manaf Alqahtani
Summary: A study found that heterologous prime-boost vaccination with BNT162b2 and BBIBP-CorV vaccines can enhance the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in individuals who have received two doses of a vaccine. This approach appears to be safe and well tolerated.
Article
Oncology
Aminah G. G. Alotaibi, Jia V. V. Li, Nigel J. J. Gooderham
Summary: Colorectal cancer is driven by genetic and epigenetic changes in cells to confer phenotypes that promote metastatic transformation and development. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a pro-inflammatory mediator, regulates cellular communication within the tumour microenvironment and is associated with the progression of the metastatic phenotype. Oncogenic miR-21 is overexpressed in most solid tumours, including colorectal cancer, and targets proteins involved in metastatic transformation. In this study, we investigated the relationship between TNF-alpha and miR-21 regulation in colorectal cancer cells and found that TNF-alpha upregulated miR-21 expression and promoted the metastatic phenotype.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ahmed Ali Gebril Ali, Sara Anjum Niinuma, Abu Saleh Md Moin, Stephen L. Atkin, Alexandra E. Butler
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide and in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). While hyperglycemia and poor glycemic control are known to contribute to CVD development, the association between hypoglycemia and cardiovascular events is also significant, particularly in T2D patients treated with certain medications. Hypoglycemia can lead to vascular disease through various mechanisms and may persist as a cardiovascular risk even after blood glucose levels have been normalized.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara Al-Mahayni, Mohamed Ali, Muhammad Khan, Fatema Jamsheer, Abu Saleh Md Moin, Alexandra E. Butler
Summary: Diabetes is a global health concern with increasing prevalence that strains the health system due to its complications. Imbalances in blood glucose regulation hinder glycemic control in diabetic patients and contribute to the development of macrovascular and microvascular complications, worsening the disease burden and mortality.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sania Shabbir, Emaan Khurram, Vedhika Sathya Moorthi, Youssef Tamer Hassan Eissa, Mohammad Azhar Kamal, Alexandra E. Butler
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a genetic disorder with a complex etiology. It is primarily characterized by hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance, which lead to physiological dysfunctions and chronic inflammation. This review paper explores the relationship between androgens, the immune response, and their contribution to PCOS.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sepide Amini, Mohammad Bagherniya, Alexandra E. Butler, Gholamreza Askari, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: This systematic review aimed to determine the effectiveness of herbal medicines on cirrhosis. Eleven clinical trials were included, and the results showed that medicinal plants including silymarin, curcumin, and ginseng have beneficial effects on cirrhosis. However, further high-quality studies are warranted due to the limited number of studies.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Alexandra E. E. Butler, Abu Saleh Md Moin, Zeljko Reiner, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Stephen L. Atkin
Summary: The levels of serum lipoproteins, except HDL-C, are increased in PCOS, possibly due to obesity and insulin resistance. Proteomic analysis showed higher levels of ApoE, C3, and HCFII, as well as lower levels of ApoM in PCOS. These dysregulations in lipoprotein metabolism may contribute to a more atherogenic profile and increased cardiovascular risk in PCOS.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Malihe Lotfi, Alexandra E. Butler, Vasily N. Sukhorukov, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: This article provides an overview of diabetes classification and the limitations of current treatment methods. It highlights the application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in diabetes research as a promising gene-editing strategy.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alexandra E. Butler, Edwina Brennan, Daniel S. Drage, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Stephen L. Atkin
Summary: This study examined the association of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) with vitamin D in non-obese women. The results showed that certain PCBs were associated with vitamin D levels, but these associations could be explained by body mass index (BMI). Therefore, the deleterious effects of PCB accumulation are not mediated by effects on vitamin D levels.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Food Science & Technology
Jeanne M. Davidsen, Samuel M. Cohen, Gerhard Eisenbrand, Shoji Fukushima, Nigel J. Gooderham, F. Peter Guengerich, Stephen S. Hecht, Ivonne M. C. M. Rietjens, Thomas J. Rosol, Christie L. Harman, Danarubini Ramanan, Sean V. Taylor
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Hedieh Sadat Shamsnia, Mahtab Roustaei, Danial Ahmadvand, Alexandra E. Butler, Dorsa Amirlou, Sanam Soltani, Saeideh Momtaz, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: Curcumin, a herbal remedy, possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties and impacts various signaling pathways including NF-KB, ROS, Wnt, JAK/STAT. P38, a part of the MAPK signaling pathway, plays a crucial role in inflammation, cell differentiation, proliferation, motility, and survival. Extensive evidence confirms that curcumin exerts anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and apoptotic effects by modulating the P38 MAPK signaling pathway.
INFLAMMOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Siti Nur Syahirah Nor Mahiran, Nurul Huda Abd Kadir, Maulidiani Maulidiani, Tengku Rozaina Tengku Mohamad, Nigel J. Gooderham, Mahboob Alam
Summary: In this study, the chemical fingerprint of repeatedly heated palm oil was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) metabolomics. The results showed that the color of the oil darkened with increased heating time, and the peroxide value (PV), panisidine value (p-AnV), and total oxidation (TOTOX) values increased significantly. The study also identified the conversion of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) to glycidyl ester (GE) during heating, indicating the formation of potential carcinogens.