Review
Oncology
Adrianne Wallace-Povirk, Zhanjun Hou, Md. Junayed Nayeen, Aleem Gangjee, Larry H. Matherly
Summary: New therapies are urgently needed for ovarian cancer, and this review discusses the remarkable advances in identifying metabolic vulnerabilities and strategies for targeted therapy. The development of tumor-selective approaches, such as folate receptors and the proton-coupled folate transporter, as well as the discovery of drugs targeting key metabolic processes, show extraordinary potential for improving the lives of women with this devastating disease.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yagmur Sisman, Lau Kraesing Vestergaard, Douglas Nogueira Perez de Oliveira, Tim Svenstrup Poulsen, Tine Henrichsen Schnack, Claus Hogdall, Estrid Hogdall
Summary: This study analyzed the mutational profile of 128 Danish patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer and found PARP inhibitors to be the most frequent potential targeted therapy, while indicating the relevance of investigating other targeted therapies based on mutational findings.
Article
Primary Health Care
Claire Elizabeth Powers Smith, Vinayak Prasad
Summary: Targeted cancer therapies involve attacking specific genetic biomarkers found in certain cancers, and includes monoclonal antibodies, small molecule inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, and immunotherapy. While these therapies have improved survival for some incurable cancers, only a small percentage of patients qualify for targeted oncology medications and fewer actually benefit.
AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicole E. James, Morgan Woodman, Jennifer R. Ribeiro
Summary: EOC patients have low response rates to immunotherapies, but evidence suggests ovarian tumors are immunogenic and immune-related genomic profiles can serve as prognostic markers. Specific research areas that need to be addressed include developing immune-based prognostic signatures and driving advancements in this field.
Article
Oncology
Robert W. Holloway, Alberto A. Mendivil, James E. Kendrick, Lisa N. Abaid, John V. Brown, Jane LeBlanc, Nathalie D. McKenzie, Kristina M. Mori, Sarfraz Ahmad
Summary: The study evaluated the antitumor activity and safety of Olvi-Vec virotherapy combined with platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. The results showed promising efficacy and tolerability of this treatment regimen, providing a basis for further clinical investigations.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Omotola D. Ogundipe, Oluwabukunmi Olajubutu, Simeon K. Adesina
Summary: Ovarian cancer is a deadly disease, with most patients diagnosed in advanced stages. Targeted drug conjugate systems offer a promising treatment strategy.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Chunyan Ma
Summary: Adding bevacizumab to chemotherapy may have a positive impact on the treatment and prognosis of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. It can significantly decrease the expression of related cancer markers and lower the recurrence rate, without significant safety concerns.
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Kankan Cao, Guodong Zhang, Moran Yang, Yiying Wang, Mengdi He, Chen Zhang, Yan Huang, Jiaqi Lu, Haiou Liu
Summary: Aberrant sialylation, which can modulate all steps of malignant transformation, is a potential target for cancer treatment. This study found that elevated St3gal3 was associated with poor prognosis in HGSC. St3gal3 knockdown inhibited tumor growth and repolarized tumor-associated macrophages in a tumor-suppressive manner. In vitro experiments showed that St3gal3 knockdown tumor cells guided macrophages towards a tumor-suppressive phenotype. Depletion of macrophages rescued the suppressed tumor growth induced by St3gal3 knockdown. In vivo, St3gal3 knockdown improved the effectiveness of dual immune checkpoint blockade. Inhibition of sialylation with ambroxol resulted in decreased tumor growth and prolonged survival, enhanced by dual immune checkpoint blockade. These findings suggest that targeting altered sialylation induced by St3gal3 may reprogram the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in HGSC and improve the efficacy of immunotherapy.
Article
Oncology
Hung-Hsueh Chou, Sian Fereday, Anna DeFazio, Chih-Long Chang, David Bowtell, Heng-Cheng Hsu, Nadia Traficante, Soo Young Jeong, Wen-Fang Cheng, Dinuka Ariyarantne, Teresa Tung, Viraj Rajadhyaksha, Won-Hee Lee, David Brown, Byoung-Gie Kim
Summary: This study analyzed the demographics, treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in Australia, South Korea, and Taiwan. The study revealed poor prognosis for EOC patients across the Asia-Pacific region, suggesting the need for novel biomarker-driven therapies to improve outcomes.
JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maritza P. Garrido, Allison N. Fredes, Lorena Lobos-Gonzalez, Manuel Valenzuela-Valderrama, Daniela B. Vera, Carmen Romero
Summary: Epithelial ovarian cancer is one of the deadliest gynaecological malignancies. Late diagnosis is frequent due to the absence of specific symptoms and the molecular complexity of the disease. Recently, anti-angiogenic therapy and PARP inhibitors have been introduced, which have shown to increase the survival of ovarian cancer patients. However, the identification of patients who benefit the most is still under investigation.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhe Wang, Beibei Guo, Shujing Yue, Songsong Zhao, Fenghua Meng, Zhiyuan Zhong
Summary: A HER-2 directed nano-delivery system efficiently suppresses orthotopic epithelial ovarian cancer and metastasis, and significantly prolongs the survival time of mice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhijun Zhou, Min Li
Summary: Targeted therapy is crucial for improving overall survival and reducing side effects in cancer treatment, but each patient responds differently to treatment. The development of cutting-edge technologies, such as next-generation sequencing, has allowed for the identification of more actionable targets. This special issue of BMC Medicine presents a collection of studies on targeted therapies for various cancer types, aiming to bridge the gap between genomic testing and precision medicine and spark innovations in improving the efficacy of targeted therapies.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ilana Schlam, Paolo Tarantino, Stefania Morganti, Filipa Lynce, Dario Trapani, Erica L. Mayer, Ana C. Garrido-Castro, Ada Waks, Sara M. Tolaney
Summary: Breast cancer is a common and deadly disease in the US, and recent advancements in treatment for early-stage breast cancer include the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors for triple-negative breast cancer and CDK4/6 inhibitors for hormone receptor-positive disease. Additionally, adjuvant olaparib has shown significant improvement in outcomes for patients with BRCA1/2 mutations and high-risk HER2-negative breast cancer.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kira Philipsen Prahm, Claus Kim Hogdall, Mona Aarenstrup Karlsen, Ib Jarle Christensen, Guy Wayne Novotny, Estrid Hogdall
Summary: The study aimed to investigate differences in microRNA expression according to clinicopathological characteristics and predict cytoreductive outcome in ovarian cancer patients. One microRNA, miR-130a, was associated with serous histology and advanced FIGO stage, while seven other microRNAs were found to be significantly associated with clinicopathological characteristics but need further validation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wei-Chun Chen, Huei-Jean Huang, Lan-Yan Yang, Yu-Bin Pan, Kuan-Gen Huang, Cheng-Tao Lin, Min-Yu Chen, Yun-Hsin Tang, Ting-Chang Chang, Chyong-Huey Lai, Hung-Hsueh Chou
Summary: Secondary cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has potential benefits for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer, with factors such as previous chemotherapy, chemotherapy-free interval, and CA125 levels before HIPEC contributing to prognosis. However, there are also associated toxicities.
BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Francesca De Felice, Thomas Bird, Andriana Michaelidou, Jean-Pierre Jeannon, Ricard Simo, Richard Oakley, Andrew Lyons, Alastair Fry, Luke Cascarini, Arora Asit, Selvam Thavaraj, Miguel Reis Ferreira, Imran Petkar, Anthony Kong, Mary Lei, Teresa Guerrero Urbano
Summary: This study reports the clinical outcomes of relapsed oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) after definitive intensity-modulated (chemo)radiotherapy. The results showed that salvage curative surgery was associated with a higher survival rate compared to palliative treatment and best supportive care. HPV-positive disease and early complete response within 3 months from the end of (C)RT may be related to better post-failure survival rate.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Giorgio Bogani, Innocenza Palaia, Giorgia Perniola, Federica Tomao, Antonella Giancotti, Daniele Di Mascio, Giuseppe Capalbo, Ludovico Muzii, Pierluigi Benedetti Panici, Violante Di Donato
Summary: There is limited consensus on pharmacotherapy for patients with locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic vulvar cancer. Chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors may be promising treatment options.
EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Letter
Oncology
Giuseppe Capalbo, Violante Di Donato, Andrea Giannini, Giorgio Bogani
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY-CANCER CLINICAL TRIALS
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Margherita Fischetti, Violante Di Donato, Innocenza Palaia, Giorgia Perniola, Federica Tomao, Chiara Perrone, Antonella Giancotti, Daniele Di Mascio, Marco Monti, Ludovico Muzii, Pierluigi Benedetti Panici, Giorgio Bogani
Summary: New small molecules have emerged as an effective approach for the management of ovarian cancer patients, especially in the maintenance setting. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are the most intriguing medications in this setting, with PARP inhibitors being the new standard of care for ovarian cancer patients harboring either a BRCA mutation or with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD).
EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Andrea Giannini, Camilla Di Dio, Violante Di Donato, Ottavia D'oria, Maria Giovanna Salerno, Giuseppe Capalbo, Ilaria Cuccu, Giorgia Perniola, Ludovico Muzii, Giorgio Bogani
Summary: Ovarian cancer, characterized by high death-to-incidence ratio, is effectively treated with platinum-based chemotherapy and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARP inhibitors) that show benefits even in the absence of BRCA mutation. However, resistance to PARP inhibitors is a challenge, prompting research for new treatment strategies. This critical review provides an overview of the current landscape and future perspectives for enhancing the effectiveness of PARP inhibitors in newly diagnosed and recurrent ovarian cancer.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY-CANCER CLINICAL TRIALS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Giorgio Bogani, Violante Di Donato, Andrea Papadia, Alessandro Buda, Jvan Casarin, Francesco Multinu, Francesco Plotti, Maria Luisa Gasparri, Ciro Pinelli, Anna Myriam Perrone, Simone Ferrero, Flavia Sorbi, Fabio Landoni, Innocenza Palaia, Giorgia Perniola, Pierandrea De Iaco, Stefano Cianci, Salvatore Gueli Alletti, Marco Petrillo, Giuseppe Vizzielli, Francesco Fanfani, Roberto Angioli, Ludovico Muzii, Fabio Ghezzi, Enrico Vizza, Michael D. Mueller, Giovanni Scambia, Pierluigi Benedetti Panici, Francesco Raspagliesi
Summary: This retrospective study compared outcomes in endometrial cancer patients who underwent hysterectomy with or without sentinel node mapping (SNM). Data from 398 patients who had hysterectomy and 174 patients who had hysterectomy plus SNM were collected. The SNM group had a longer operative time, but length of hospital stay, estimated blood loss, and severe complication rates were similar between groups. Hysterectomy, with or without SNM, was found to be a safe and effective method for managing EC patients.
Letter
Oncology
Valerio Nardone, Tomer Meirson, Francesca De Felice, Icro Meattini
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Innocenza Palaia, Giuseppe Caruso, Giorgia Perniola, Violante Di Donato, Roberto Brunelli, Annarita Vestri, Maria Scudo, Gabriella Gentile, Angela Musella, Pierluigi Benedetti Panici, Ludovico Muzii
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of preoperative low-residue diet in reducing postoperative ileus and pain in women undergoing elective cesarean section. It suggests that implementing a low-residue diet before surgery can be beneficial for obstetrical practices. However, further large-scale studies are needed before these research findings can be translated into routine clinical practice.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Riccardo Vizza, Elisabetta Maria Capomolla, Livia Tosetto, Giacomo Corrado, Valentina Bruno, Benito Chiofalo, Francesca Sofia Di Lisa, Lorena Filomeno, Laura Pizzuti, Eriseld Krasniqi, Giuseppe Sanguineti, Alice Villa, Andrea Giannini, Ramy Kayal, Vincenzo Stranges, Silverio Tomao, Claudio Botti, Federica Tomao, Maddalena Barba, Enrico Vizza, Gennaro Ciliberto, Patrizia Vici
Summary: Endocrine therapy may negatively affect sexual functioning in breast cancer patients, and effective interventions are needed to maintain and restore sexual health. This study aimed to summarize and critically discuss the literature on therapeutic approaches for sexual impairment in breast cancer patients, particularly those undergoing endocrine therapy.
SEXUAL MEDICINE REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Tullio Golia D'Auge, Ilaria Firulli, Giorgia Di Bartolomeo, Ilaria Cuccu, Camilla Turetta, Angelo Trezza, Giorgio Bogani, Innocenza Palaia, Giorgia Perniola, Federica Tomao, Ludovico Muzii, Violante Di Donato, Ottavia D'Oria, Andrea Giannini
Summary: This review aims to analyze the recent literature on the clinical and therapeutic approach to vulvar carcinoma. It highlights the importance of early-stage surgery and nodal assessment for better prognosis.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ottavia D'Oria, Andrea Giannini, Aris Raad Besharat, Donatella Caserta
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Tullio Golia D'Auge, Andrea Giannini, Giorgio Bogani, Camilla Di Dio, Antonio Simone Lagana, Violante Di Donato, Maria Giovanna Salerno, Donatella Caserta, Vito Chiantera, Enrico Vizza, Ludovico Muzii, Ottavia D'Oria
Summary: Currently, prevention programs for gynecological cancers focus mainly on cervical cancer, while other tumors lack effective prevention measures. HPV vaccination and screening methods are widely used for cervical cancer. Endometrial and ovarian cancers lack screening programs for early diagnosis, while vulvar cancer has no primary or secondary prevention measures, prompting the need for self-examination by patients.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Giulia Montan, Massimo Carollo, Luciano Torres, Giovanni Buzzaccarini, Andrea Giannini, Andrea Etrusco, Erich Cosmi, Marcello Rigano, Vito Chiantera, Antonio Simone Lagana, Gaspare Cucinella, Giuseppe Gullo
Summary: The objective of this narrative review is to explore the role of androgens in female sexuality and discuss the current state of androgen therapies for women. The findings suggest that progesterone or estrogens may not be effective and may even cause harm in treating female sexual dysfunctions. There is limited evidence on the effectiveness and safety of androgen therapies for women.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Francesca De Felice, Maria Serpone, Carlo Guglielmo Cattaneo, Federico Di Giammarco, Alberto Fallico, Alessia Delle Donne, Maura Lanzilao, Elisa Vitti, Francesco Marampon, Daniela Musio, Vincenzo Tombolini, Giuseppe Minniti
Summary: This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of definitive weekly hypofractionated radiotherapy for elderly patients with surgery-ineligible cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region. The results show a favorable objective response rate of 92.6%, with a median duration of response of 12 months and no severe toxicity.
HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Francesca De Felice, Luca Mazzoni, Franco Moriconi
Summary: This article addresses the consistent consideration of COVID-19 deaths in oncology clinical trials for typical survival estimates. With the use of counterfactual approach and mean-imputation algorithm, the authors develop a method called CoDMI algorithm which includes COVID-19 deaths in the observed data. The results of empirical and simulation studies demonstrate the superiority of CoDMI in predictive performance compared to naive approaches.
