Letter
Oncology
Francesca Bizzaro, Ilaria Fuso Nerini, Molly A. Taylor, Alessia Anastasia, Massimo Russo, Giovanna Damia, Federica Guffanti, Francesca Guana, Paola Ostano, Lucia Minoli, Maureen M. Hattersley, Stephanie Arnold, Antonio Ramos-Montoya, Stuart C. Williamson, Alessandro Galbiati, Jelena Urosevic, Elisabetta Leo, Ugo Cavallaro, Carmen Ghilardi, Simon T. Barry, Maria Rosa Bani, Raffaella Giavazzi
Summary: The combination therapy of PARP inhibitors and VEGF-signalling inhibitors in ovarian cancer has shown broad anti-tumor activity and prolonged survival, regardless of the tumor's homologous recombination repair status. The mechanisms of action of olaparib and cediranib act through complementary mechanisms affecting tumor cells and tumor microenvironment, respectively, suggesting no dominant common mechanistic inter-dependency driving therapeutic benefit.
JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chuanlin Wang, Pengning Gao, Jiali Xu, Shanling Liu, Wenda Tian, Jiayu Liu, Lan Zhou
Summary: This article reviews the role of natural phytochemicals in alleviating the side effects of BRCA mutant ovarian cancer cells and PARP inhibitors, and finds that these substances have significant alleviating effects on atherosclerosis, nausea, and vomiting.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mithun Ghosh, Min Sil Kang, Nar Bahadur Katuwal, Sa Deok Hong, Yeong Gyu Jeong, Seong Min Park, Seul-Gi Kim, Yong Wha Moon
Summary: In this study, it was found that PSPC1 can enhance the sensitivity of BRCA1/2-mutated breast and ovarian cancers to olaparib, an PARP inhibitor. The combination therapy of olaparib and PSPC1 siRNA showed synergistic anti-proliferative activity in vitro and tumor inhibition in a mouse model. Mechanistically, the combination treatment targeted the DNA damage response and induced apoptosis. These findings suggest that combining olaparib and PSPC1 inhibition may enhance the efficacy of PARP inhibitors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Fengping Shao, Yaoyun Duan, Yunhe Zhao, Yinguang Li, Jun Liu, Cai Zhang, Shanyang He
Summary: PARP inhibitors are beneficial to patients with BRCA mutations, especially for ovarian cancer patients when administered early after diagnosis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kristie-Ann Dickson, Tao Xie, Christian Evenhuis, Yue Ma, Deborah J. Marsh
Summary: PARP inhibitors have shown efficacy in treating tumors with BRCA gene defects, improving survival outcomes. Variability exists between different PARP inhibitors in terms of chemical structure, toxicity, and cell survival, with acquired resistance being a concerning issue that needs further exploration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Vincenzo Ricci, Teresa Fabozzi, Maria Anna Bareschino, Emiddio Barletta, Domenico Germano, Immacolata Paciolla, Vincenza Tinessa, Antonio Maria Grimaldi
Summary: This review summarizes the genetic and epigenetic architecture of metastatic pancreatic cancer and discusses the molecular pathology and molecular targets for treatment. The potential approach mentioned in this review may lead to the identification of a subset of patients with specific biological behaviors and treatment responses.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Valentina Tuninetti, Eleonora Ghisoni, Sandro Pignata, Elisa Picardo, Francesco Raspagliesi, Claudia Andreetta, Elena Maldi, Grazia Artioli, Serafina Mammoliti, Lucia Zanchi, Angelica Sikokis, Nicoletta Biglia, Alessandro Parisi, Vincenzo Dario Mandato, Claudia Carella, Gennaro Cormio, Marco Marinaccio, Andrea Puppo, Biagio Paolini, Lucia Borsotti, Giulia Scotto, Margherita Turinetto, Dario Sangiolo, Massimo Di Maio, Giorgio Valabrega
Summary: The expression of Ki67 at diagnosis does not predict the response to PARP inhibitors in BRCA wild-type ovarian cancer patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julie A. Vendrell, Iulian O. Ban, Isabelle Solassol, Patricia Audran, Simon Cabello-Aguilar, Delphine Topart, Clothilde Lindet-Bourgeois, Pierre-Emmanuel Colombo, Eric Legouffe, Veronique D'Hondt, Michel Fabbro, Jerome Solassol
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants on treatment response and survival outcomes in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer. The results showed that patients with somatic variants only had better outcomes under PARPi treatment compared to those with germline variants. Determining the inheritance or acquisition of BRCA alterations could provide valuable information for improving management strategies and predicting the outcome of HGSOC patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Shicheng Yang, Allen Green, Needa Brown, Alexis Robinson, Merline Senat, Bryanna Testino, Daniela M. Dinulescu, Srinivas Sridhar
Summary: This study developed a TLZ-loaded PLGA implant (InCeT-TLZ) that can sustainably release TLZ for the treatment of BRCA-mutated metastatic ovarian cancer. In vivo experiments showed that InCeT-TLZ can significantly prolong the survival of mice and minimize severe clinical side effects.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Hye-Yon Cho, Yong-Beom Kim, Wook-Ha Park, Jae Hong No
Summary: The study evaluated the synergistic anticancer effects of combining PARP and Chk1 inhibitors in BRCA wild-type ovarian cancer, with promising results showing decreased cell viability and increased DNA damage and apoptosis. Prexasertib significantly inhibited homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair, leading to a marked anticancer effect when combined with rucaparib, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy for BRCA wild-type ovarian cancer.
CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Liselore Loverix, Ignace Vergote, Pieter Busschaert, Adriaan Vanderstichele, Tom Venken, Bram Boeckx, Philipp Harter, Hilde Brems, Els Van Nieuwenhuysen, Sandro Pignata, Thais Baert, Antonio Gonzalez-Martin, Sileny Han, Christian Marth, Patrick Neven, Nicoletta Colombo, Patrick Berteloot, Johanna Maeenpaeae, Siel Olbrecht, Tina Laga, Erwin Sablon, Isabelle Ray-Coquard, Eric Pujade-Lauraine, Diether Lambrechts, Toon Van Gorp
Summary: The Leuven HRD test and Myriad HRD test have similar predictive value for PFS and OS in HRD+ patients, and there is a robust correlation between the two tests.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Oncology
E. Sun Paik, Ha Kyun Chang, Sanghoon Lee
Summary: The therapeutic effect of PARP inhibitors has been demonstrated in ovarian cancer patients. HRD analysis can determine treatment eligibility in ovarian cancer, but different test methods may yield different results. There is evidence of potential differences in HRD prevalence between races, suggesting the need for individualized treatment.
Review
Oncology
Stergios Boussios, Elie Rassy, Michele Moschetta, Aruni Ghose, Sola Adeleke, Elisabet Sanchez, Matin Sheriff, Cyrus Chargari, Nicholas Pavlidis
Summary: DNA damage is a hallmark of cancer. Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and prostate cancer often have defects in DNA damage response (DDR) pathways. PARP inhibitors are a therapeutic strategy for EOC and prostate cancer, particularly in tumors with HR deficiency. Genetic testing plays an increasingly important role in the treatment of ovarian and prostate cancer patients.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Yanhui Li
Summary: Ignoring genetic mutations, the overall survival and progression-free survival of advanced ovarian cancer patients were significantly improved with a hazard ratio of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.66-0.79) and 0.48 (95% CI: 0.44-0.52) respectively. Regardless of existing genetic mutation markers, the overall survival and progression-free survival for the entire population showed a hazard ratio of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.64-0.87) and 0.52 (95% CI: 0.42-0.65) respectively. Moreover, positive gene mutation markers demonstrated a hazard ratio of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.61-0.83) for overall survival and 0.47 (95% CI: 0.42-0.52) for progression-free survival. Poly ADP-ribose polymers (PARP) inhibitors have shown efficacy and safety in maintaining treatment for advanced ovarian cancer patients with BRCAm or BRCAwt, HRD or HRP, and unknown gene status.
JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mei-Kuang Chen
Summary: The combination of a PARP inhibitor and an EZH2 inhibitor showed efficacy in breast cancer cells with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, but not in BRCA-proficient breast cancer cells. In vitro, the combination did not affect the growth of BRCA1/2 wild-type breast cancer cells, but in vivo it stimulated the synthetic viability of BRCA1/2-proficient breast cancer cells by regulating the tumor microenvironment. These findings suggest that both in vitro and animal models should be used in combination therapy studies to understand the effects on the tumor microenvironment.
Letter
Oncology
Giuseppe Capalbo, Violante Di Donato, Andrea Giannini, Giorgio Bogani
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY-CANCER CLINICAL TRIALS
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Krystle Abboud, Andrea Giannini, Ottavia D'Oria, Aya Ramadan, Amal Ayed, Antonio Simone Lagana, Vito Chiantera, Zaki Sleiman
Summary: Unicornuate uterus is a rare Mullerian anomaly that can be associated with a rudimentary uterine horn, causing a diagnostic delay. Laparoscopic removal of the rudimentary horn may be a feasible therapeutic option. Accurate preoperative evaluation is necessary to determine the optimal surgical approach based on anatomical variations and patient symptoms.
GYNECOLOGIC AND OBSTETRIC INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Violante Di Donato, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Ilaria Cuccu, Ludovica Sgamba, Tullio Golia D'Auge, Angelina Pernazza, Carlo Della Rocca, Lucia Manganaro, Carlo Catalano, Giorgia Perniola, Innocenza Palaia, Federica Tomao, Andrea Giannini, Ludovico Muzii, Giorgio Bogani
Summary: This study aimed to assess the role of radiomics analysis in pre-operatively predicting molecular or clinicopathological prognostic factors in patients with endometrial carcinoma. The results showed that MRI has high sensitivity and specificity in predicting high-grade endometrial carcinoma, deep myometrial invasion, lymphovascular space invasion, and nodal metastasis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Giusi Santangelo, Gianfilippo Ruggiero, Filippo Murina, Violante Di Donato, Giorgia Perniola, Innocenza Palaia, Margherita Fischetti, Assunta Casorelli, Andrea Giannini, Camilla Di Dio, Ludovico Muzii, Pierluigi Benedetti Panici, Giorgio Bogani
Summary: Vulvodynia is a debilitating condition characterized by chronic vulvar pain, with a detrimental impact on the patient's overall quality of life. Its etiology is multifactorial and still under investigation. It is a heterogeneous condition with multiple triggers, making it challenging to establish a standard for treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Violante Di Donato, Andrea Giannini, Giorgio Bogani
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tullio Golia D'Auge, Ilaria Cuccu, Giusi Santangelo, Ludovico Muzii, Andrea Giannini, Giorgio Bogani, Violante Di Donato
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ilaria Cuccu, Ottavia D'Oria, Ludovica Sgamba, Emanuele De Angelis, Tullio Golia D'Auge, Camilla Turetta, Camilla Di Dio, Maria Scudo, Giorgio Bogani, Violante Di Donato, Innocenza Palaia, Giorgia Perniola, Federica Tomao, Ludovico Muzii, Andrea Giannini
Summary: Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common gynecological malignancy, and molecular and genomic profiling have shown promise in predicting recurrence risk. However, there is limited data on therapeutic value. Ongoing studies are focused on identifying appropriate adjuvant strategies, especially for patients with positive nodes and low volume disease. Molecular classification has the potential to improve risk stratification and management in EC patients. This review aims to explore the evolution of molecular classification and its impact on research and clinical management.
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Riccardo Vizza, Elisabetta Maria Capomolla, Livia Tosetto, Giacomo Corrado, Valentina Bruno, Benito Chiofalo, Francesca Sofia Di Lisa, Lorena Filomeno, Laura Pizzuti, Eriseld Krasniqi, Giuseppe Sanguineti, Alice Villa, Andrea Giannini, Ramy Kayal, Vincenzo Stranges, Silverio Tomao, Claudio Botti, Federica Tomao, Maddalena Barba, Enrico Vizza, Gennaro Ciliberto, Patrizia Vici
Summary: Endocrine therapy may negatively affect sexual functioning in breast cancer patients, and effective interventions are needed to maintain and restore sexual health. This study aimed to summarize and critically discuss the literature on therapeutic approaches for sexual impairment in breast cancer patients, particularly those undergoing endocrine therapy.
SEXUAL MEDICINE REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Tullio Golia D'Auge, Ilaria Firulli, Giorgia Di Bartolomeo, Ilaria Cuccu, Camilla Turetta, Angelo Trezza, Giorgio Bogani, Innocenza Palaia, Giorgia Perniola, Federica Tomao, Ludovico Muzii, Violante Di Donato, Ottavia D'Oria, Andrea Giannini
Summary: This review aims to analyze the recent literature on the clinical and therapeutic approach to vulvar carcinoma. It highlights the importance of early-stage surgery and nodal assessment for better prognosis.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ottavia D'Oria, Andrea Giannini, Aris Raad Besharat, Donatella Caserta
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Tullio Golia D'Auge, Andrea Giannini, Giorgio Bogani, Camilla Di Dio, Antonio Simone Lagana, Violante Di Donato, Maria Giovanna Salerno, Donatella Caserta, Vito Chiantera, Enrico Vizza, Ludovico Muzii, Ottavia D'Oria
Summary: Currently, prevention programs for gynecological cancers focus mainly on cervical cancer, while other tumors lack effective prevention measures. HPV vaccination and screening methods are widely used for cervical cancer. Endometrial and ovarian cancers lack screening programs for early diagnosis, while vulvar cancer has no primary or secondary prevention measures, prompting the need for self-examination by patients.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Giulia Montan, Massimo Carollo, Luciano Torres, Giovanni Buzzaccarini, Andrea Giannini, Andrea Etrusco, Erich Cosmi, Marcello Rigano, Vito Chiantera, Antonio Simone Lagana, Gaspare Cucinella, Giuseppe Gullo
Summary: The objective of this narrative review is to explore the role of androgens in female sexuality and discuss the current state of androgen therapies for women. The findings suggest that progesterone or estrogens may not be effective and may even cause harm in treating female sexual dysfunctions. There is limited evidence on the effectiveness and safety of androgen therapies for women.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Andrea Giannini, Ottavia D'Oria, Giacomo Corrado, Valentina Bruno, Isabella Sperduti, Giorgio Bogani, Antonio Simone Lagana, Vito Chiantera, Donatella Caserta, Enrico Vizza
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of five studies to evaluate the prognostic role of L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) in stage I endometrial cancer. The results showed that high L1CAM expression is associated with worse disease-free survival and overall survival, as well as more aggressive FIGO grade and older age.
ARCHIVES OF GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gianfranco Sfregola, Pamela Sfregola, Federico Ruta, Federica Zendoli, Alessandra Musicco, Simone Garzon, Stefano Uccella, Andrea Etrusco, Vito Chiantera, Sanja Terzic, Andrea Giannini, Antonio Simone Lagana
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of maternal age and body mass index (BMI) on induction of labor with oral misoprostol for premature rupture of membrane (PROM) at term. The study found that advanced maternal age and higher BMI were associated with higher induction failure rates and longer induction times.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Graziella Moufawad, Andrea Giannini, Ottavia D'Oria, Antonio Lagana, Vito Chiantera, Aline Khazzaka, Ghida Maziad, Elena Nasr, Vanessa Geagea, Marwa Al Jardali, Zaki Sleiman
Summary: OHVIRA syndrome is a rare congenital defect characterized by uterus didelphys, unilateral obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. The main surgical treatment involves minimally invasive vaginal approach to remove the septum.
GYNECOLOGY AND MINIMALLY INVASIVE THERAPY-GMIT
(2023)