Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Esther J. M. Taks, Simone J. C. F. M. Moorlag, Konstantin Fohse, Elles Simonetti, Christa E. van der Gaast-de Jongh, Cornelis H. van Werkhoven, Marc J. M. Bonten, Jaap ten Oever, Marien I. de Jonge, Janneke H. H. M. van de Wijgert, Mihai G. Netea
Summary: BCG vaccination before first COVID-19 vaccine did not significantly impact the IgG RBD concentration after COVID-19 vaccination in older European adults.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ruediger Gross, Alexander Kleger
Summary: As emerging clinical analyses suggest an increased risk of new-onset diabetes following COVID-19, a causal link and underlying mechanisms are yet to be established. Persistence of hyperglycaemia after disease regression and the potential infection of non-pancreatic tissue are adding another layer of complexity to the relationship between COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus.
Article
Immunology
Daniel Garzon-Chavez, Jackson Rivas-Condo, Adriana Echeverria, Jhoanna Mozo, Emmanuelle Quentin, Jorge Reyes, Enrique Teran
Summary: Research indicates that areas with low BCG vaccine coverage are more likely to have a high prevalence of COVID-19 cases, particularly impacting individuals aged 50-64 years old.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Laura Melgarejo, Edoardo Caronna, Joana Rosell-Mirmi, Iker Elosua-Bayes, Alicia Alpuente, Marta Torres-Ferrus, Victor J. Gallardo, Patricia Pozo-Rosich
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the link between COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccination with migraine worsening. The findings suggest that the infection and vaccination have a negligible role in migraine worsening and there may be a presence of a nocebo effect.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Nicole L. Messina, Mariana G. Sperotto, Marco A. M. Puga, Patricia V. da Silva, Roberto D. de Oliveira, Cecilia L. Moore, Laure F. Pittet, Tenaya Jamieson, Margareth Dalcolmo, Glauce dos Santos, Bruno Jardim, Marcus V. G. Lacerda, Nigel Curtis, Julio Croda, BRACE Trial Consortium Grp
Summary: This study compared antibody responses to CoronaVac (Sinovac) and ChAdOx1-S (AstraZeneca-Oxford) vaccines in 874 healthcare workers in Brazil. The results showed that ChAdOx1-S induced a stronger anti-spike IgG response than CoronaVac. Recent BCG vaccination did not affect the antibody responses to either vaccine.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Smriti Mallapaty
Summary: Vaccinated individuals in Israel have a lower likelihood of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2, but it will take time to see the population-wide impact.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Kellen Christina Malheiros Borges, Adeliane Castro da Costa, Lilia Cristina de Souza Barbosa, Kaio Mota Ribeiro, Laura Raniere Borges dos Anjos, Andre Kipnis, Ana Paula Junqueira-Kipnis
Summary: Evidence suggests that the BCG vaccine, used to prevent tuberculosis, may also offer cross-protection against other pathogens. Through a literature review, this article explores the mechanisms of immune response induced by BCG and discusses the potential cross-protection against COVID-19. Some BCG strains are able to stimulate effective cellular immune response and activate innate immune cells, which are crucial for controlling viral infections.
MINI-REVIEWS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Md. Zahurul Islam, Md. Kudrat-E Zahan, Md. Abdul Alim Al-Bari
Summary: The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has caused a global crisis with COVID-19, while efforts to develop vaccines are ongoing and the potential protective effect of BCG vaccine in COVID-19 is being investigated. However, further research is needed to fully understand the implications of these interventions.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Davaasambuu Ganmaa, Tserendorj Chinbayar, Polyna Khudaykov, Erdenebileg Nasantogtoh, Sukhbaatar Ariunbuyan, Tserenkhuu Enkhtsetseg, Ganbold Sarangua, Andrew Chan, Dalkh Tserendagva
Summary: In Mongolian inpatients with COVID-19, active TB infection, older age, male gender, and COPD were associated with greater disease severity, while a history of COVID-19 vaccination and the presence of a BCG vaccination scar were protective.
Article
Immunology
Wenping Gong, Yingqing Mao, Yuexi Li, Yong Qi
Summary: This article summarizes the non-specific protective effects of the Bacille Calmette-Gue ' rin (BCG) vaccine, its efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the possible mechanisms for controlling COVID-19. The review aims to inspire further research on BCG-induced non-specific immune responses and explore their potential applications in addressing the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts on public health, politics, and economy.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Magdalena Anna Massalska, Hans-Juergen Gober
Summary: The spread of COVID-19 in regions along the ancient silk road was accompanied by high mortality rates, especially in specific areas like southern China, Iran, Turkey, and northern Italy. Children appear to be spared from the epidemic, possibly due to a specific component of their early adaptive immune system. Shared symptoms between COVID-19 patients and those with Behcet's disease suggest potential links to autoimmune disorders, while reactive oxygen species may play a role in the severe progression of the disease.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kazuo Inoue, Saori Kashima
Summary: This study revealed an inverse relationship between the past epidemic of tuberculosis and the impact of COVID-19, suggesting a possible mechanism underlying regional variations in COVID-19 impact. Additionally, the study found an association even after adjusting for potential confounders, indicating the potential role of latent tuberculosis infection in stimulating trained immunity against COVID-19.
Editorial Material
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mina T. Kelleni
Summary: BCG vaccination in early life is unlikely to prevent SARS CoV-2 infection in adults, and potential benefits for children are confounded by multiple factors. Booster doses of BCG vaccination in adults may have protective value, pending results from well-designed clinical trials.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Clement de Chaisemartin, Luc de Chaisemartin
Summary: A natural experiment in Sweden showed that discontinuation of newborn BCG vaccination led to decreased coverage rates and limited protective effects against COVID-19. Therefore, receiving the BCG vaccine at birth does not provide protection against COVID-19 among middle-aged individuals.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Kent J. Koster, Hilary L. Webb, Jeffrey D. Cirillo
Summary: BCG vaccination, widely used for protection against tuberculosis and providing non-specific protection against infectious respiratory diseases, has seen renewed interest in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite its benefits, the United States does not recommend BCG vaccination due to variable effectiveness against adult TB and other factors.
Review
Respiratory System
P. B. Sryma, S. Mittal, N. K. Madan, P. Tiwari, V. Hadda, A. Mohan, R. Guleria, K. Madan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the utility and safety of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) for the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPL's). The results showed that the diagnostic yields of TBLC and bronchoscopic forceps biopsy were similar, indicating that TBLC is a safe and efficacious modality. Further multicenter randomized trials are needed to evaluate and standardize the use of TBLC for PPL's.
Letter
Acoustics
Karan Madan, Neha Kawatra Madan, Saurabh Mittal
JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Kavirajan Kabilan, Malvika Gulati, Irshad A. Banday, Rahul Tyagi, Ashu Seith Bhalla, Priyanka Naranje, Saurabh Mittal
Summary: Bronchial artery (BA) pseudoaneurysm is a rare complication of tuberculosis (TB) that can lead to massive hemoptysis. Immediate intervention is crucial to prevent life-threatening hemorrhage in such cases.
VASCULAR AND ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2022)
Review
Respiratory System
Tarun Krishna Boppana, Saurabh Mittal, Karan Madan, Anant Mohan, Vijay Hadda, Randeep Guleria
Summary: Effective treatment modalities are needed for severe COVID-19 cases. This meta-analysis demonstrates that the use of tocilizumab did not reduce all-cause mortality in COVID-19 patients, but it reduced the need for ICU admission and showed a higher risk of secondary infections.
MONALDI ARCHIVES FOR CHEST DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Saurabh Kedia, Raju Sharma, Sudheer Kumar Vuyyuru, Deepak Madhu, Pabitra Sahu, Bhaskar Kante, Prasenjit Das, Ankur Goyal, Karan Madan, Govind Makharia, Vineet Ahuja
Summary: The addition of contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) chest significantly improves the sensitivity for definite diagnosis in patients with suspected intestinal tuberculosis (ITB). The diagnostic yield for ITB increased with the use of CECT chest, demonstrating the importance of this imaging modality in improving diagnostic accuracy.
INTESTINAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bijay Pattnaik, Niharika Patnaik, Saurabh Mittal, Anant Mohan, Anurag Agrawal, Randeep Guleria, Karan Madan
Summary: This review summarizes the literature on the use of miRNAs as biomarkers for tuberculosis diagnosis in various clinical samples.
NON-CODING RNA RESEARCH
(2022)
Letter
Pediatrics
Nitin Dhochak, Saurabh Mittal, Anant Mohan, Deepali Jain, Kana Ram Jat, Manisha Jana, Sushil K. Kabra, Karan Madan
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Vijay Hadda, Sachin Doddamani, Saurabh Mittal, Pavan Tiwari, Karan Madan, Anant Mohan, Maroof Ahmad Khan, Ashu Seith Bhalla, Randeep Guleria
Summary: This study assessed the efficacy of endobronchial instillation of voriconazole for inoperable pulmonary aspergilloma. The results showed that in the voriconazole group, 86.7% of patients achieved a reduction in the severity of hemoptysis at 3 months, and the severity of hemoptysis was lower in the voriconazole group compared to the control group.
Article
Respiratory System
Amarendra Kumar Shukla, Amrutha Peter, Jitendra Kishore Bhargava, Veerendra Arya, Manish Kumar Gupta, Nishtha Yadav, Pawan Tiwari
Summary: This article reports a case of sarcoidosis-related optic neuritis following COVID-19 vaccination.
MONALDI ARCHIVES FOR CHEST DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Tarun Krishna Boppana, Saurabh Mittal, Karan Madan, Anant Mohan, Vijay Hadda, Randeep Guleria
Summary: This study aimed to assess the effect of tuberculosis (TB) endemicity and Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) coverage on COVID-19. The study found that countries with low TB incidence and low BCG coverage had a higher COVID-19 incidence, while there was no significant difference in the COVID-19 case fatality rate. Higher TB incidence and BCG coverage were associated with a lower incidence of COVID-19.
MONALDI ARCHIVES FOR CHEST DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Respiratory System
Vijay Hadda, Tejas M. Suri, Hariharan Iyer, Avinash Jain, Saurabh Mittal, Karan Madan, Anant Mohan, Ashu Seith Bhalla, Girish Sindhwani, Naveen Dutt, Kavitha Venkatnarayan, Alok Nath, Sahajal Dhooria, Rohit Kumar, Vikas Marwah, Saurabh Karmakar, Dhruva Chaudhry, Irfan Ismail Ayub, Dharm Prakash Dwivedi, Pawan Tiwari, Parvaiz Koul, Ajoy Kumar Behera, Puneet Saxena, Amitabha Sengupta, Prasanta R. Mohapatra, Abhishek Goyal, Devasahayam J. Christopher, Randeep Guleria
Summary: This article discusses the management of post-COVID ILD and highlights the importance of establishing dedicated facilities for the care of these patients. It summarizes the relevant literature regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of post-COVID ILD. The article discusses pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic options for management. Further research into the pathophysiology and management of post-COVID ILD will improve our understanding of this condition.
EXPERT REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Letter
Pediatrics
Anshula Tayal, Irfan Shekh, A. R. Karthik, Kana Ram Jat, Nitin Dhochak, Saurabh Mittal, Nishkarsh Gupta, Sushil K. Kabra, Karan Madan
Summary: Foreign body (FB) aspiration is a dangerous accident in children, but sometimes traditional methods may fail to remove distal impacted FBs. We presented two pediatric cases in which distal FBs were successfully mobilized and removed using a cryoprobe via flexible bronchoscopy after failed attempts with rigid bronchoscopy. Cryoextraction is advantageous for water-containing FBs and reduces the risk of fragmentation.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Daniel Steinfort, Matthew Evison, Ashleigh Witt, Georgios Tsaknis, Fayez Kheir, David Manners, Karan Madan, Calvin Sidhu, Alberto A. Fantin, Daniel Korevaar, Erik H. F. M. Van Der Heijden
Summary: Since their introduction, both linear and radial endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) have become an integral component of the practice of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology. The taskforce sought to evaluate quality indicators in EBUS bronchoscopy based on clinical relevance/importance and on the basis that observed significant variation in outcomes indicates potential for improvement in health care outcomes. Twelve quality indicators are proposed, with performance targets supported by evidence from the literature. Standardized reporting items for both radial and linear EBUS are recommended, with evidence supporting their utility in assessing procedural outcomes presented.
Article
Respiratory System
Carmen Mikacenic, Lynn A. Fussner, Jasmine Bell, Ellen L. Burnham, Linda L. Chlan, Sarah K. Cook, Robert P. Dickson, Francis Almonor, Fengming Luo, Karan Madan, Luisa Morales-Nebreda, Kara J. Mould, A. John Simpson, Benjamin D. Singer, Renee D. Stapleton, Chris H. Wendt, D. Clark Files
Summary: Bronchoscopy for research purposes is a valuable tool to understand lung-specific biology in humans. This study provides recommendations for patient selection, hospital staff protection, sample procurement, and sample preparation. The committee concludes that research bronchoscopy is valuable and safe in appropriately selected patients.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2023)
