Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Wannes Van Holm, Justien Ghesquiere, Nico Boon, Tim Verspecht, Kristel Bernaerts, Naiera Zayed, Ioanna Chatzigiannidou, Wim Teughels
Summary: The use of viability quantitative PCR (v-qPCR) has revolutionized the assessment of microbial viability, but the selection of qPCR amplicon length is crucial for accurate live/dead distinction. Longer amplicon lengths increase the difference in quantification cycle (C-q) between live and dead cells, but decrease qPCR efficiency. The optimal amplicon length for v-qPCR is around 400 bp, balancing efficiency with the ability to distinguish between live and dead bacteria.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hehe Wang, Rieanna Wagnon, Daniela Moreno, Sujan Timilsina, Jeffery Jones, Gary Vallad, William W. Turechek
Summary: Bacterial spot is a serious disease of tomato caused by four species of Xanthomonas. A new PCR assay was developed to accurately detect the pathogenic bacteria in tomato seeds. The assay showed higher sensitivity and specificity, making it a potential tool to improve seed testing and production of clean seeds.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Agnieszka Latka, Leen Van Simaey, Marijke Reynders, Piet Cools, Tess Rogier, Barbara Lebbe, Lorenzo Corsini, Christine Landlinger, Mario Vaneechoutte
Summary: The quantification of living cells in biofilm or after eradication treatments is problematic. This study assessed the performance of pre-treatment with propidium monoazide (PMAxx) to prevent qPCR-based amplification of DNA from killed cells. The optimized PMAxx treatment condition showed a significant reduction of Gardnerella cells, validating its use in vaginal samples from women with bacterial vaginosis.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Eun Seob Lim, Su Jin Nam, Ok Kyung Koo, Joo-Sung Kim
Summary: This study found that cafeteria kitchen isolates such as Acinetobacter and Bacillus can form biofilms and provide protection for E. coli O157:H7 against sodium hypochlorite. It suggests that food-associated environmental bacteria play a protective role in biofilms against common sanitizers and further research is needed to develop effective control methods.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Gong Liang, Yunzhi Long, Qianqian Li, Liu Yang, Ying Huang, Daobing Yu, Wenbo Song, Mingguang Zhou, Gaoyuan Xu, Chao Huang, Xibiao Tang
Summary: This study evaluated the use of propidium monoazide coupled with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to detect the infectivity of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and optimized the testing process. The results indicate that the method could be effectively used to evaluate the infectiousness of the virus.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Fei Gao, Chongyang Lyu, Zhenzhen Ning, Shuxuan Zhao, Liangting Shao, Xinglian Xu, Huhu Wang
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pulsed light on Salmonella biofilms by investigating flash distances, pulse frequencies, and simulating the potential stress states of biofilms in the processing environment. The results showed that flash distances, pulse frequencies, and desiccation had a weak effect on cell reductions. Pulsed light had a better germicidal efficacy on new biofilms compared to old biofilms, and biofilms stressed by sodium hypochlorite were more likely to be inactivated.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Taylor Andrzejak, Himanshu Raje, Gary LaFleur, Jonathan Willis, Raj Boopathy
Summary: The overuse and improper disposal of antibiotics result in antibiotic resistance, which poses health risks of antibiotic resistant infections to water recreationists. This study monitored water quality, microbial ecology, and antibiotic resistance in water and biofilm on submerged plastics at two public boat launches in southeastern Louisiana. The study found a high prevalence of antibiotic resistance in bacterial isolates from water and biofilm samples, highlighting the need for better management of antibiotic use and disposal.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sridharan Dharmarajan, Karthikeyan Chandrasekaran, Maruthamuthu Sundaram, Palaniswamy Narayanan
Summary: The electrochemical response of stainless steel surface in the presence of natural freshwater biofilm at various temperatures was studied, with observations on biofilm adhesion and evaluations using cyclic voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy, and polarization studies. This research is expected to aid in the development of biosensors for industrial applications.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Tingting Gu, Apisak Meesrisom, Yaguang Luo, Quynh N. Dinh, Sophia Lin, Manyun Yang, Arnav Sharma, Ruogu Tang, Jinde Zhang, Zhen Jia, Patricia D. Millner, Arne J. Pearlstein, Boce Zhang
Summary: Research showed that different surface topographies and coating compositions significantly impacted the resistance against L. monocytogenes biofilm formation. Coating the native stainless steel surface with Ni-P-PTFE significantly reduced L. monocytogenes contamination. Various coatings on different surfaces were effective in reducing L. monocytogenes contamination, with Dursan showing the best performance on the native surface.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Luminita Ciolacu, Elena Zand, Carmen Negrau, Henry Jaeger
Summary: This research investigates bacterial attachment and biofilm formation on different sealants and stainless steel surfaces with or without antimicrobials. The results show that antimicrobial surfaces can inhibit biofilm formation, but the effectiveness varies depending on the active agent and bacterial species.
Article
Microbiology
Satoshi Wakai, Nanami Eno, Hirotaka Mizukami, Toshiyuki Sunaba, Kazuhiko Miyanaga, Yasuyuki Miyano
Summary: The presence and activities of microorganisms can affect corrosion on metal surfaces. This study investigated the dynamics and differences in microbial communities on various types of stainless steels before and after corrosion incidents. The results showed that non-corroded stainless steels had slowly altered microbial communities with decreased diversity over time, while corroded stainless steels had low diversity microbial communities with enrichment of specific bacteria. The findings suggest that the composition of the stainless steel did not significantly affect the microbial communities on healthy metal surfaces.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Handan Ustukarci, Gul Ozyilmaz, Ali Tuncay Ozyilmaz
Summary: A biofilm layer called biofouling is formed over time by organic molecules and microorganisms on solid surfaces immersed in a liquid medium. This study focused on the antifouling performance of polyaniline (PANI) and investigated the immobilization of hydrolytic enzymes in PANI coatings. The results showed that the alpha-amylase-containing film exhibited the highest antifouling activity. Surface properties and biofilm composition were analyzed to support these findings.
ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jong-Hui Kim, Eun-Seon Lee, Kyoung-Ja Song, Bu-Min Kim, Jun-Sang Ham, Mi-Hwa Oh
Summary: In this study, lactic acid bacteria biofilms with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity were developed. These biofilms exhibited enhanced resistance against desiccation and sustained antimicrobial activity on stainless steel surfaces. They have the potential to improve microbiological food safety in desiccated food-related environments.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ga-Hee Ban, Jae-Ik Lee, Dong-Hyun Kang
Summary: This study investigates the microbiota in raw milk and the impact of storage temperature on microbiota shift after biofilm formation. The findings suggest that temperature critically affects the bacterial composition of both raw milk and its associated biofilm.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ni Wang, Yujie Jin, Guoqing He, Lei Yuan
Summary: Thermophilic bacteria, including Bacillus licheniformis, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Bacillus Subtilis, and Anoxybacillus flavithermus, are frequently detected in milk powder products, forming biofilms that contaminate manufacturers and pose risks to food safety. This study explored the process of multi-species biofilm development by these bacteria in skimmed milk, revealing competition and synergy between different species. Such interspecies interactions provide important insights into the colonization of predominant thermophilic bacteria during milk powder processing.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katharina J. Kreissig, Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen, Pernille Erland Jensen, Susse Wegeberg, Ole Geertz-Hansen, Jens J. Sloth
Summary: Several Greenland seaweed species have potential as foods or food ingredients, with high contents of beneficial elements, especially macrominerals and trace minerals. Element profiles differ between species and geographical locations, with iodine contents particularly high in macroalgae of the family Laminariaceae.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jennifer L. Hayward, Yannan Huang, Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen, Christopher K. Yost, Craig Lake, Rob C. Jamieson
Summary: This study investigated the mechanisms responsible for antimicrobial resistance attenuation in on-site wastewater treatment systems, focusing on lateral flow sand filters. The primary mechanisms identified were degradation and filtration, with attenuation occurring along the entire length of each filter. The results support the use of conservative design guidelines and separation distances for reducing antimicrobial resistance transmission.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adeyinka O. Ajayi, Benjamin J. Perry, Christopher K. Yost, Rob C. Jamieson, Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen, Teddie O. Rahube
Summary: The study isolated and sequenced plasmids encoding meropenem resistance from bacterial hosts within Canadian wastewater treatment plants, identifying a multi-resistance plasmid with various antibiotic resistance genes. This discovery could have significant implications for human and veterinary medicine. Extensive research is needed to further understand the fitness trade-offs of plasmids with different types of conjugative transfer and maintenance modules.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kiley Daley, Rob Jamieson, Daniel Rainham, Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen, Sherilee L. Harper
Summary: The research aims to estimate microbial health risks caused by wastewater effluent exposure in Arctic Canada and evaluate potential mitigation options. The results suggest that wastewater effluent exposures may contribute to gastrointestinal illness in some Arctic communities. Improved treatment and interventions to prevent access to disposal areas are effective strategies for reducing the risks. Well-designed passive systems appear to be the most effective wastewater treatment option for limiting and managing associated microbial health risks in Arctic Canada.
MICROBIAL RISK ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Martin Laage Kragh, Louisa Obari, Alyssa Marie Caindec, Hanne Aarslev Jensen, Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen
Summary: The study shows that hot-air drying significantly reduces the presence of Salmonella and Listeria on Portobello mushrooms, but has a lower impact on Bacillus cereus. Vacuum-packed dried mushrooms further reduce Listeria, while Salmonella and Bacillus cereus remain stable. Rehydrating dried mushrooms improperly can lead to regrowth of all three organisms.
Article
Microbiology
Gang Liu, Martin Laage Kragh, Soren Aabo, Annette Nygaard Jensen, John Elmerdahl Olsen
Summary: Diarrhea is a significant health problem in neonatal and young calves worldwide, often caused by bacterial infections. This study found that cell-free supernatants from cow milk fermented by certain lactic acid bacteria can inhibit the expression of virulence genes in these bacteria. This finding suggests potential preventive alternatives to antibiotic treatment for calf diarrhea.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Miguel Aguilera-Toro, Martin Laage Kragh, Amalie Vestergard Thomasen, Vittoria Piccini, Valentin Rauh, Yinghua Xiao, Lars Wiking, Nina A. Poulsen, Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen, Lotte B. Larsen
Summary: This study assessed the proteolytic activity of 56 Pseudomonas strains and found that the sequence similarity of the aprX-lipA operon significantly influenced the proteolytic activity. The average proteolytic activity of the strains was higher in the A1 group compared to the A2, B, and N groups. The proteolytic activity of the strains was not affected by the lab-scale UHT treatment, indicating high thermal stability. Conserved motifs in the AprX sequence could serve as potential genetic biomarkers for determining strain spoilage potential.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jonas Steenholdt Sorensen, Sofie Rugh van Reeuwijk, Roy S. Bartle, Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen
Summary: The processing of seaweed often involves low-temperature drying to stabilize the product by inactivating and inhibiting the growth of microorganisms. However, Salmonella can survive dry conditions and persist in low-moisture food, which has been linked to foodborne outbreaks from seaweed. This study presents drying and desorption models for Alaria esculenta and a model for the inactivation kinetics of S. Typhimurium during low heat convection drying.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Claus Jorgensen, Nina D. Sto. Domingo, Berislav Tomicic, Morten E. Jorgensen, Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen, Heidi Huus Petersen, Jes Clauson-Kaas
Summary: Urban cloudburst management may involve temporarily storing flood water in green recreational areas, but this can expose visitors to sewage and increase the risk of diarrhoeal disease. This study presents a unique approach to estimate the risk of diarrhoeal disease after urban flooding by modeling the transport of sewage into flooded parks and estimating the transfer of pathogens to grass and from grass to hand. The estimated probability of illness varied from 0.03% to 17%, and if deemed unacceptable, changes to cloudburst plans or interventions such as public risk awareness or restricted access to flooded areas should be considered.
WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Katharina J. Kreissig, Jonas Steenholdt Sorensen, Pernille Erland Jensen, Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen
Summary: Seaweed from Greenland has potential as a food source, but it may become contaminated by human pathogens due to the discharge of human sewage into the sea. This study investigated the effect of wastewater discharge on the bacterial communities of wild populations of Fucus sp. in two different communities in Greenland. The results showed significant differences in the microbiota of seaweed harvested in areas with and without wastewater discharge, indicating the presence of human pathogens in the contaminated seaweed.
REGIONAL STUDIES IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Meiyao Che, Tina Birk, Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen
Summary: This study reveals the presence and transmission of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli in the Danish broiler production system, highlighting the potential for these resistant bacteria to enter the food supply chain.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Judith Y. A. Marechal, Kare Hendriksen, Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen, Casper Gundelund, Pernille Erland Jensen
Summary: This study examined the water supply situation in rural Greenland and found that while the supply of drinking water is sufficient and affordable, access is severely restricted due to lack of piping. Residents of un-piped households have insufficient water consumption to sustain public health and this could lead to water quality degradation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUMPOLAR HEALTH
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Chemistry, Applied
Hanne Jensen, Charlotte Jacobsen, Niels Boknaes, Lisbeth Hansen, Ole Mejlholm
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Lihan Huang, Nurul Hawa Ahmad, Vijay Juneja, Erika Stapp-Kamotani, Jose Gabiola, Udit Minocha, Robert Phillips, Marie Hooker, Isabel Walls, Kim Cook, James Lindsay
Summary: This study investigated the growth kinetics of foodborne pathogen B. cereus during the commercial production of liquid egg yolk using PLA(2) treatment. The results showed that B. cytotoxicus NVH391-98 can grow prolifically at 50 degrees C, with estimated minimum, optimum, and maximum temperatures of 16.7-18.5, 47.8-48.1, and 52.1-52.4 degrees C, respectively. The dynamic model was validated with isothermal curves and it was found that holding the temperature below 15 degrees C or above 55 degrees C can effectively prevent the growth of B. cytotoxicus in egg yolk.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Giacomo Mantegazza, Robin Duncan, Nicolo Telesca, Giorgio Gargari, Susanna Perotti, Patrizia Riso, Simone Guglielmetti
Summary: This study investigates whether salad-associated LAB can survive the gastrointestinal transit (GIT) and contribute to the gut microbiota. The results suggest that salad-associated LAB can survive in the gastrointestinal tract, but their quantity does not significantly alter the composition of the gut microbiota.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Itsaso Baztarrika, Adrian Salazar-Sanchez, Lorena Laorden, Ilargi Martinez-Ballesteros, Rodrigo Alonso, Irati Martinez-Malaxetxebarria
Summary: The infection mechanisms of Arcobacter are still uncertain. This study found that Arcobacter isolates from food and water sources were able to adhere and invade Caco-2 cells, and carried at least two virulence markers. A. butzleri showed higher virulent activity compared to A. cryaerophilus, while A. lanthieri, A. skirrowii, and A. vitoriensis exhibited even higher adhesion and invasion values. Sewage isolates were more adherent and invasive, and had a higher gene content. The association between cadF and hecA with high adhesion capability was identified for the first time.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Balaji Sundararaman, Karen Shapiro, Andrea Packham, Lauren E. Camp, Rachel S. Meyer, Beth Shapiro, Richard E. Green
Summary: Pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa can cause food and waterborne diseases, and surveillance methods are needed. In this study, CNER method was used to prepare enrichment baits for difficult-to-grow pathogens. This method allows direct sequencing of pathogens from samples.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Guanghui Zhou, Pengcheng Dong, Xin Luo, Lixian Zhu, Yanwei Mao, Yunge Liu, Yimin Zhang
Summary: Interactions between bacterial species in the formation of dual-species biofilms in the food industry are affected by environmental stresses, such as temperature and pH. This study found that the combination of cold and acid stresses significantly increased biofilm formation, and different temperatures resulted in variations in the presence of specific bacterial species and the secretion of extracellular substances. The findings provide valuable insights for addressing mixed biofilms in food processing under diverse stressful conditions.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Carmen Sanchez, Sonia Garde, Jose Maria Landete, Javier Calzada, Dave J. Baker, Rhiannon Evans, Arjan Narbad, Melinda J. Mayer, Marta Avila
Summary: This study sequenced and compared the genomes of bacteriophages active against C. tyrobutyricum, identifying novel species and phage proteins. A phage showed high lytic activity against C. tyrobutyricum cells and remained stable under different environmental conditions. Additionally, engineered strains successfully delivered endolysin and fluorescent protein to dairy products without affecting their technological properties.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Danai Etter, Michael Biggel, Mariella Greutmann, Nicole Cernela, Sophia Johler
Summary: Bacillus cytotoxicus is a thermotolerant bacterium that is linked to rare but sometimes fatal cases of diarrheal disease. It is mostly found in dehydrated foods containing potato starch or insects and may be missed in routine screening.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Tong Jin, Xiangjun Zhan, Liuxin Pang, Bo Peng, Xinpeng Zhang, Wenxiu Zhu, Baowei Yang, Xiaodong Xia
Summary: The study found that CpxAR TCS is an important regulatory mechanism for the virulence of C. sakazakii. Mutants showed weakened adhesion, invasion, and survival ability, and exhibited attenuated virulence in animal models. In addition, CpxAR TCS is involved in regulating the expression of genes associated with bacterial virulence and cellular invasion.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Soo-Hwan Kim, Sang-Hyun Park, Jun-Bae Ahn, Dong-Hyun Kang
Summary: In this study, a semi continuous SHS system was developed to inactivate foodborne pathogens on radish seed surfaces and enhance the seeds' salinity tolerance. The results showed that higher temperature and more treatments led to a significant reduction in microbial count on the seed surface.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yujun Zhai, Weina Tian, Kewei Chen, Linshu Lan, Jianquan Kan, Hui Shi
Summary: This research investigates the role of flagella-related genes in the adhesion of E. coli O157:H7 and the effects of certain cations on bacterial adhesion and motility. The results demonstrate that flagellar-mediated motility is critical in the early stage of adhesion, and the presence of Fe2+, Ca2+, and Mn2+ affects the adhesion and motility of wildtype strains but not flagellar function-impaired strains. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of bacterial adhesion and have implications for the development of anti-adhesion agents.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mariana Marggraf, Andrea Barac, Jens Andre Hammerl, Stefan Hertwig
Summary: Isolating Yersinia enterocolitica from food is challenging due to overgrowth by other microflora and the lack of a selective medium. The authors improved the standard isolation procedure, resulting in a more sensitive method, reduced background bacteria, and time savings.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Rafael D. Chaves, Samuel H. Kumazawa, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah, Veronica O. Alvarenga, Humberto M. Hungaro, Anderson S. Sant'Ana
Summary: This study investigated the susceptibility to sanitizers and biofilm-forming ability of 43 Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes strains on stainless steel surfaces. The results showed variations in susceptibility to sanitizers and biofilm resistance among different strains of the pathogens, with chlorine compounds being more effective in inactivating planktonic cells and biofilms.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
So Yeong Mun, Wooje Lee, Soo-Young Lee, Ji Yoon Chang, Hae Choon Chang
Summary: This study reveals that lactobacilli with a strong defense system dominate the final stage of kimchi fermentation and proposes a model for the succession mechanism of kimchi lactobacilli.