Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoling Li, Gregor Romer, Raphaela P. Kerindongo, Jeroen Hermanides, Martin Albrecht, Markus W. Hollmann, Coert J. Zuurbier, Benedikt Preckel, Nina C. Weber
Summary: The study suggests that SGLT-2i can improve endothelial cell permeability under mechanical stretch through anti-oxidative effects, potentially mediated by scavenging of ROS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Pradip Mukhopadhyay, Debmalya Sanyal, Purushottam Chatterjee, Kaushik Pandit, Sujoy Ghosh
Summary: Recent recommendations for SGLT2 inhibitors in the management of type 2 diabetes are primarily based on their ability to reduce cardiovascular adverse events, particularly cardiovascular death. However, their effect on reducing myocardial infarction and stroke events has not been well explored.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Yan-Rong Li, Chi-Hung Liu, Wei-Chiao Sun, Pei-Yi Fan, Feng-Hsuan Liu, Tien-Hsing Chen, Victor Chien-Chia Wu, Chihung Lin, Ching-Chung Hsiao
Summary: This study found that the combination therapy of SGLT-2 inhibitors and Pio in T2DM patients did not increase the risk of bladder cancer and was associated with lower all-cause mortality.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christina Kohlmorgen, Stephen Gerfer, Kathrin Feldmann, Soeren Twarock, Sonja Hartwig, Stefan Lehr, Meike Klier, Irena Krueger, Carolin Helten, Petra Keul, Sabine Kahl, Amin Polzin, Margitta Elvers, Ulrich Floegel, Malte Kelm, Bodo Levkau, Michael Roden, Jens W. Fischer, Maria Grandoch
Summary: The study investigated the effect of SGLT2i dapagliflozin on platelet activation and inflammation in atherogenesis. Results showed that dapagliflozin treatment reduced atherosclerotic lesion development, circulating platelet-leucocyte aggregates, and aortic macrophage infiltration. Additionally, dapagliflozin decreased platelet activation and thrombin generation without affecting bleeding time.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiaoling Li, Benedikt Preckel, Jeroen Hermanides, Markus W. Hollmann, Coert J. Zuurbier, Nina C. Weber
Summary: SGLT-2is improve cardiovascular outcomes by directly affecting endothelial function through various pathways. These effects include reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions, restoring vasodilation, and regulating angiogenesis.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Victor Quentin, Manveer Singh, Lee S. Nguyen
Summary: Recently, the antidiabetic drug-class SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have shown efficacy in decreasing overall mortality, hospitalization, and sudden death in patients with chronic heart failure, regardless of their diabetic status. This suggests that SGLT2i may have additional effects beyond glycemia control. Inhibition of the Na+/H(+)exchanger (NHE) may play a key role in preventing ischemia/reperfusion injuries. SGLT2i could be a candidate for wider indications due to its large therapeutic margin, low adverse events, ease of prescription, and potential pharmacological efficacy.
WORLD JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chaojun Tang, Lei Wang, Yulan Sheng, Zhong Zheng, Zhanli Xie, Fan Wu, Tao You, Lijie Ren, Lijun Xia, Changgeng Ruan, Li Zhu
Summary: This study demonstrated that disturbed blood flow can induce platelet accumulation in atherosclerosis, with CLEC-2 gene knockout potentially reducing subendothelial accumulation of platelets and monocytes/macrophages, thereby ameliorating plaque formation.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anastasios Panagopoulos, Saurabhi Samant, Jules Joel Bakhos, Martin Liu, Behram Khan, Janaki Makadia, Fayaz Muhammad, Forrest M. Kievit, Devendra K. Agrawal, Yiannis S. Chatzizisis
Summary: TREM-1 is a transmembrane protein that plays an important role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Activation of TREM-1 pathways leads to inflammation and plaque destabilization. Inhibiting TREM-1 can attenuate the inflammatory process and promote plaque stabilization.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yinyuan You, Yu Zhao, Mujuan Chen, Ying Pan, Zhenhui Luo
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effect of empagliflozin on serum uric acid levels in diabetic patients. The results showed that empagliflozin could reduce serum uric acid levels, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure in diabetic patients. However, it did not significantly affect HbA1c levels and other parameters. Empagliflozin was more effective than placebo, sitagliptin, and dapagliflozin in reducing uric acid levels.
DIABETOLOGY & METABOLIC SYNDROME
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Katarzyna Wolos-Klosowicz, Wojciech Matuszewski, Joanna Rutkowska, Katarzyna Krankowska, Elzbieta Bandurska-Stankiewicz
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes, with no effective preventive methods. GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors have shown potential in reducing the risk of DR, but more clinical trials are needed to confirm their efficacy in humans.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lingxiang Xie, Yang Xiao, Shi Tai, Huijie Yang, Shenghua Zhou, Zhiguang Zhou
Summary: Diabetes patients face increased cardiovascular risks and SGLT-2 inhibitors have potential cardiovascular protective effects, although their mechanisms of action are not fully understood. This review summarizes the multifactorial mechanisms of SGLT-2 inhibitors in regulating immunity, inflammation, and metabolism, and presents future directions for preventing or delaying cardiovascular complications in diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Fangyan Tan, Xianglin Long, Jianlin Du, Xin Yuan
Summary: This study conducted a detailed RNA-sequencing exploration of the transcriptomic changes in response to empagliflozin in different tissues of spontaneously hypertension rats (SHR). The results showed that empagliflozin exerted potent transcriptomic effects on various tissues, particularly the kidney, white adipose, and lung. The functional enrichment analysis indicated that empagliflozin may regulate blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipid homeostasis in SHR.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hou-Ren Tsai, Yu-Jie Lin, Jih- Yeh, Yu-Chi Huang, Peter Pin-Sung Liu, Carol Chiung-Hui Peng, Jin-Yi Hsu, Yuan-Chieh Lee, Ching-Hui Loh, Shu-Man Lin, Huei-Kai Huang
Summary: This study found that SGLT-2 inhibitors are associated with a lower risk of VTE in patients with DM, compared to DPP-4 inhibitors. However, there was no significant difference in VTE risk between SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists.
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Elizabeth T. Oyesomi, Reza Tabrizchi
Summary: Emerging evidence suggests that sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have a positive impact on cardiac structure and function, both acutely and chronically. However, the exact mechanisms responsible for these beneficial effects are still unclear, as there is no consensus on the definitive site(s) of action. Further research is needed to fully understand the pharmacological actions of SGLT-2 inhibitors and their potential beneficial effects in individuals with heart failure.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Meng Jiang, Qiaoshu Liu, Tiejian Jiang, Paul Nizigiyimana, Minxiang Lei
Summary: The study found that the combination of SGLT-2 inhibitors with sulfonylureas significantly increased the risk of hypoglycemia, particularly in patients with shorter treatment durations. Therefore, reducing the dose of sulfonylureas may be an important recommendation when adding SGLT-2 inhibitors to the treatment regimen.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Meera Ladwa, Oluwatoyosi Bello, Olah Hakim, Maria Linda Boselli, Fariba Shojaee-Moradie, A. Margot Umpleby, Janet Peacock, Stephanie A. Amiel, Riccardo C. Bonadonna, Louise M. Goff
Summary: The study found that Black African men have significantly lower insulin clearance and plasma adiponectin levels compared with White European men, potentially related to insulin sensitivity and adiponectin concentration, suggesting that adiponectin may play a role in regulating insulin clearance.
ACTA DIABETOLOGICA
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gloria Cinquegrani, Valentina Spigoni, Federica Fantuzzi, Riccardo C. Bonadonna, Alessandra Dei Cas
Summary: In this study, it was found that stearic acid altered the bioenergetics of human myeloid angiogenic cells, while empagliflozin possibly inhibited mitochondrial respiration to counteract the lipotoxicity induced by stearic acid.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Giulia Pozzi, Giuliana Gobbi, Elena Masselli, Cecilia Carubbi, Valentina Presta, Luca Ambrosini, Marco Vitale, Prisco Mirandola
Summary: T cell-mediated adaptive immunity responds to non-self antigens and pathogens by activating and proliferating various T cell populations, with hydrogen sulfide playing a crucial regulatory role in this process.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Silvia Migliari, Antonino Sammartano, Maura Scarlattei, Giorgio Baldari, Barbara Janota, Riccardo C. Bonadonna, Livia Ruffini
Summary: This study developed and validated a semi-manual procedure to label [Ga-68]Ga-NODAGA-Exendin-4 for imaging insulin-secreting tumors. Using 10 μg of the peptide yielded optimal radiochemical yield, molar activity, and radiochemical purity.
CURRENT RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
S. Bonetti, C. Zusi, E. Rinaldi, M. L. Boselli, A. Csermely, G. Malerba, E. Trabetti, E. Bonora, R. C. Bonadonna, M. Trombetta
Summary: This study found that common genetic variability of monogenic diabetes genes is significantly associated with impaired beta-cell function in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), suggesting that these genes may be targeted by specific treatments for T2DM.
DIABETES & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Enzo Bonora, Maddalena Trombetta, Marco Dauriz, Corinna Brangani, Vittorio Cacciatori, Carlo Negri, Isabella Pichiri, Vincenzo Stoico, Elisabetta Rinaldi, Giuliana Da Prato, Maria Linda Boselli, Lorenza Santi, Federica Moschetta, Monica Zardini, Riccardo C. Bonadonna
Summary: In newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction are very common with a wide range of expression but no specific pattern of aggregation.
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Claudia Piona, Enza Mozzillo, Antonella Tosco, Sonia Volpi, Francesco Maria Rosanio, Chiara Cimbalo, Adriana Franzese, Valeria Raia, Chiara Zusi, Federica Emiliani, Maria Linda Boselli, Maddalena Trombetta, Riccardo Crocina Bonadonna, Marco Cipolli, Claudio Maffeis
Summary: Treatment with CFTR modulators does not significantly improve glucose homeostasis and its direct determinants in CF patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Federica Fantuzzi, Sanna Toivonen, Andrea Alex Schiavo, Heeyoung Chae, Mohammad Tariq, Toshiaki Sawatani, Nathalie Pachera, Ying Cai, Chiara Vinci, Enrico Virgilio, Laurence Ladriere, Mara Suleiman, Piero Marchetti, Jean-Christophe Jonas, Patrick Gilon, Decio L. Eizirik, Mariana Igoillo-Esteve, Miriam Cnop
Summary: The study comprehensively characterized the functionality of iPSC-derived beta cells both in vitro and in vivo in humanized mice. Differentiation in microwells showed equal efficiency with rotating suspension, but with a higher success rate. In vivo transplanted beta cells demonstrated functional characteristics similar to human islets, highlighting the potential of generating islet-like organoids for diabetes research.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rocco A. Montone, Dario Pitocco, Filippo Luca Gurgoglione, Riccardo Rinaldi, Marco Giuseppe Del Buono, Massimiliano Camilli, Alessandro Rizzi, Linda Tartaglione, Gaetano Emanuele Rizzo, Mauro Di Leo, Andrea Flex, Michele Russo, Giovanna Liuzzo, Giulia Magnani, Riccardo C. Bonadonna, Diego Ardissino, Filippo Crea, Giampaolo Niccoli
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of diabetic microvascular complications (DMC) on the features of coronary plaques. The results showed that the presence of DMC could identify a distinct diabetic population with more severe coronary artery disease (CAD), but a more stable pattern of coronary plaques.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dirk Mueller-Wieland, Nick Freemantle, Riccardo C. Bonadonna, Celine Mauquoi, Gregory Bigot, Mireille Bonnemaire, Pierre Gourdy, Didac Mauricio
Summary: Using pooled data from the REALI European database, this study evaluated the impact of previous basal insulin type on the effectiveness and safety of switching to insulin glargine 300 U/ml (Gla-300) in people with suboptimally controlled type 2 diabetes. The results showed that regardless of the previous basal insulin therapy, switching to Gla-300 improved glycemic control without weight gain and with low incidences of symptomatic and severe hypoglycemia, but slightly greater glucose-lowering effectiveness was observed in people pre-treated with NPH insulin.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Itziar Gonzalez-Moro, Henar Rojas-Marquez, Maialen Sebastian-delaCruz, Jon Mentxaka-Salgado, Ane Olazagoitia-Garmendia, Luis Manuel Mendoza, Aina Lluch, Federica Fantuzzi, Carmen Lambert, Jessica Ares Blanco, Lorella Marselli, Piero Marchetti, Miriam Cnop, Elias Delgado, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real, Francisco Jose Ortega, Ainara Castellanos-Rubio, Izortze Santin
Summary: This study identified a genetic association between a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) called LncTGM2 and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Functional analysis revealed that LncTGM2 plays a role in the transcriptional regulation of TGM2, a gene coding for a transglutaminase, in pancreatic beta cells. The T2D-associated SNP in LncTGM2 disrupts the secondary structure of the lncRNA, affecting its stability and the expression of TGM2, ultimately impairing glucose-stimulated insulin release.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alessandra Dei Cas, Raffaella Aldigeri, Valentina Ridolfi, Angela Vazzana, Anna Vittoria Ciardullo, Valeria Manicardi, Alessandra Sforza, Franco Tomasi, Donatella Zavaroni, Ivana Zavaroni, Riccardo C. Bonadonna
Summary: This study assessed the efficacy of a structured educational intervention for health professionals in improving the appropriateness of inpatient diabetes care and clinical outcomes. The results showed that the intervention did not improve the appropriateness of diabetes care or clinical outcomes. In-hospital hypoglycemia was found to be an independent indicator of death risk.
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Giulia Pozzi, Valentina Presta, Elena Masselli, Giancarlo Condello, Samuele Cortellazzi, Maria Luisa Arcari, Cristina Micheloni, Marco Vitale, Giuliana Gobbi, Prisco Mirandola, Cecilia Carubbi
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key players in physiological processes and can affect myogenic differentiation. Protein kinase C epsilon (PKCe) is involved in muscle stem cell differentiation and skeletal muscle regeneration. PKCs have a role in redox biology and may regulate ROS production. Our study suggests that PKCe is a molecular link between redox homeostasis and myogenic differentiation. We found that PKCe interacts with Nrf2 to activate antioxidant signaling, preventing ROS accumulation and promoting myogenic differentiation.