Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Danping Zhao, Xiuhong Chen, Linyuan Wang, Jianjun Zhang, Zhongpeng Zhao, Na Yue, Yingli Zhu, Wenting Fei, Xinyu Li, Lingyun Tan, Wei He
Summary: Respiratory viral infections, including COVID-19 and influenza, have become a global health concern. Vaccination is crucial for prevention, and this study evaluated the effectiveness of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) as an immune adjuvant for influenza and COVID-19 vaccines. The results showed that APS facilitated a strong immune response in mice, with increased levels of antibodies and protection against influenza A viruses. APS also demonstrated bidirectional immunomodulation and persistent immunity, making it a promising adjuvant.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wei-Chung Tsai, Fang-Ling Liu, Ming-Hsi Huang, Chung-Hsiung Huang
Summary: This study found that PO@NE can effectively prevent candidal vaginitis as an adjuvant for HK-CA vaccines, enhancing both cellular and humoral immunity and modulating vaginal microflora.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hsueh-Yu Lu, Wei-Chung Tsai, Jia-Shan Liu, Chung-Hsiung Huang
Summary: This study developed a nanoemulsion containing Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide and sesame oil, which demonstrated therapeutic effects on vaginal Candida infection. In addition, these formulations also modulated immune responses and alleviated inflammation.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Augusto Costa-Barbosa, Maria Ines Pacheco, Catarina Carneiro, Claudia Botelho, Andreia C. Gomes, M. Elisabete C. D. Real Oliveira, Tony Collins, Manuel Vilanova, Celia Pais, Alexandra Correia, Paula Sampaio
Summary: Opportunistic fungi can cause deadly systemic infections and result in high medical costs. Fungal infections have been recognized as important by the World Health Organization and efforts have been made to develop new therapeutic approaches, including fungal vaccine development. In this study, a lipid antigen delivery system based on DODAB: MO was designed and shown to effectively modulate the immune response against fungal infections. The system demonstrated efficient cellular uptake of the antigen and was safe for immunization procedures. Subcutaneous administration of the system induced a strong immune response and high levels of antibodies. These findings suggest that the lipid antigen delivery system has potential as a candidate for enhancing immune responses against fungal infections.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Amir Ghaemi, Parisa Roshani Asl, Hedieh Zargaran, Delaram Ahmadi, Asim Ali Hashimi, Elahe Abdolalipour, Sahar Bathaeian, Seyed Mohammad Miri
Summary: This study designed and developed a recombinant vaccine candidate using a formulated combination of recombinant RBD and N proteins. The results showed that the vaccine induced specific immune responses, including the production of neutralizing antibodies and increased T cell response, suggesting its potential as a long-lasting and strong vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Robert Zarnowski, Andrea Noll, Marc G. Chevrette, Hiram Sanchez, Ryley Jones, Hanna Anhalt, Jen Fossen, Anna Jaromin, Cameron Currie, Jeniel E. Nett, Aaron Mitchell, David R. Andes
Summary: The fungal pathogen Candida albicans can form biofilms that protect it from drugs and the immune system by releasing extracellular vesicles (EVs) that promote extracellular matrix formation and resistance to antifungal drugs. The study identifies functions for numerous EV cargo proteins in biofilm matrix assembly, drug resistance, fungal cell adhesion, and dissemination. The findings suggest that EVs play a crucial role in coordinating biofilm development in C. albicans.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Fanming Kong, Tianqi Chen, Xiaojiang Li, Yingjie Jia
Summary: Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) has the potential to activate adoptive immunotherapy and regulate immune-suppressed microenvironments by affecting various immune cells and signaling pathways. Its combination with immunotherapy in cancer treatment shows promising prospects due to its multiple functions in immunotherapy and tumor microenvironment.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Nashwa Mohamed Reda, Reem Mostafa Hassan, Sherifa Tarek Salem, Reham Hamed A. Yousef
Summary: Candidemia remains a significant problem in healthcare settings, with a changing distribution of Candida species. C. albicans is still the most prevalent species, but non-albicans species are increasing, particularly in pediatric patients. The emergence of uncommon Candida species is concerning and requires prompt management.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying Peng, Fenbo Ma, Liqiu Hu, Yuqing Deng, Wenqi He, Bin Tang
Summary: This study designed and synthesized a novel polysaccharide compound called APS-Sr, which has therapeutic effects in anti-inflammation and promoting bone formation. The experimental results showed that APS-Sr can effectively inhibit inflammatory factors, promote osteogenic differentiation, and up-regulate bone growth factors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiang Weng, Bing Zhao, Rang Li, Quanxiao Li, Ailian Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the adjuvant features of CARP2 polysaccharide component in the IVV vaccine and its mechanism in DCs. CARP2 enhanced the production of antibodies and T cells, lasted for 275 days without adverse effects, and achieved a ten-fold dose-sparing effect. CARP2 activated DCs and Tregs, promoted Th1/Th2 cytokine production, and activated the TLR4/MyD88/TRAF/NF-kappa B pathway in DCs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Francesca Micoli, Renzo Alfini, Roberta Di Benedetto, Francesca Necchi, Fabiola Schiavo, Francesca Mancini, Martina Carducci, Davide Oldrini, Olimpia Pitirollo, Gianmarco Gasperini, Cristiana Balocchi, Nicoletta Bechi, Brunella Brunelli, Diego Piccioli, Roberto Adamo
Summary: Nanoparticle systems are being explored for carbohydrate antigen display, with outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) receiving great attention. The impact of saccharide length, density, and attachment site on the immune response elicited by GMMA was investigated. Results suggest that the immune response of GMMA as a carrier for polysaccharides is not heavily influenced by the number of saccharides per particle, but lower saccharide loading can preserve immunogenicity better.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Vitoria Sequeira Goncalves, Francisco Denis Souza Santos, Alceu Goncalves dos Santos Junior, Renan Eugenio Araujo Piraine, Paulo Ricardo Centeno Rodrigues, Carolina Litchina Brasil, Neida Lucia Conrad, Fabio Pereira Leivas Leite
Summary: The study investigated the potential of recombinant IL17A to act as an adjuvant for a recombinant BoHV-5 glycoprotein D vaccine in cattle. The results showed that addition of rIL17 led to significantly higher levels of specific rgD-IgG and neutralizing antibodies compared to the control group. These findings suggest that rIL17A has adjuvant potential for vaccines against BoHV-5 and potentially other pathogens of cattle.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Dong Wang, Qian Cui, Yan Jie Yang, A. Qing Liu, Guan Zhang, Jian Chun Yu
Summary: Dendritic cells play a crucial role in tumor immunotherapy, and Astragalus polysaccharide can enhance their antitumor effects. Understanding the role of DC subgroups in the TME helps evaluate the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Dallas L. Mould, Deborah A. Hogan
Summary: Microbial interactions play a crucial role in microbial physiology, with quorum sensing and metabolite exchange being key elements. Loss-of-function mutations in quorum-sensing components are common across different species, and quorum sensing is modulated by small molecules and environmental conditions. Recent evidence suggests that strain heterogeneity can impact microbial interactions and act as selective pressures on the emergence of common mutations in quorum sensing genes.
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jie Hou, Jin Deng, Ya Liu, Weili Zhang, Siying Wu, Quanfeng Liao, Ying Ma, Mei Kang
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the current status of candidemia and evaluate the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes among different species. The study found variations in the prevalence of Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida and differences in the susceptibility to antifungal agents among different species. Risk factors associated with Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida were identified, and no significant differences in mortality were observed between the two species.
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Xingran Kou, Dongdong Su, Fei Pan, Xiwei Xu, Qingran Meng, Qinfei Ke
Summary: This review provides a systematic discussion of the application of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in aroma compounds (ACs)/cyclodextrins (CDs) inclusion complexes (ICs). It covers the establishment of the simulation process, parameter selection, model evaluation, and various application cases, summarizing the major achievements and challenges of this method.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Haoyu Yu, Quanbin Zhang, Ammad Ahmad Farooqi, Jing Wang, Yang Yue, Lihua Geng, Ning Wu
Summary: Brown algae are rich in fucoidan, which has been found to have anti-cancer and anti-metastasis effects. Fucoidan inhibits tumor cell growth, proliferation, and metastasis, and also promotes immune responses in the tumor microenvironment.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Liang Dong, Yanan Li, Hailin Cong, Bing Yu, Youqing Shen
Summary: Gene therapy is a revolutionary treatment that requires suitable vectors for protecting and releasing exogenous nucleic acids in target cells. Chitosan, as a non-viral vector, has gained attention due to its good biocompatibility and ability to load large amounts of nucleic acids. This paper summarizes the potential of chitosan and its derivatives as gene delivery vector materials, discusses factors influencing transfection efficiency, performance evaluation, ways to optimize infectious efficiency, and current research development directions. It also provides an outlook on the future prospects of chitosan.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ana Iglesias-Mejuto, Beatriz Magarinos, Tania Ferreira-Goncalves, Ricardo Starbird-Perez, Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo, Catarina Pinto Reis, Ines Ardao, Carlos A. Garcia-Gonzalez
Summary: This study developed a novel processing strategy to manufacture drug-loaded and personalized aerogels with nanostructures. The aerogels demonstrated bioactivity and antimicrobial effects, promoting bone regeneration and preventing infections in bone tissue engineering.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhenxu Shi, Dimei Yang, Yan Zhou, Xinyu Chen, Lin Gan, Jin Huang
Summary: This study proposes a micro-assembly method to improve the photoluminescent properties of crystalline cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) by organizing them within a sub-micrometer-sized metal-organic framework and coating with TiO2. The TiO2 coating prevents CNC assembly breakdown and allows information to be revealed using screenprinted labels for anti-counterfeiting purposes.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xuejiao Liu, Bin Fu, Jierong Chen, Zhenyu Sun, Dongdong Zheng, Zhonghua Li, Bing Gu, Ying Zhang, Haojie Lu
Summary: Liver disease is a major cause of global mortality, and identifying biomarkers for diagnosing its progression is crucial for improving outcomes. Targeted mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for verifying biomarker candidates and clinical applications, particularly for glycoproteins translation. However, the limitation of analyzing only one sample per run has become apparent. In this study, a high-throughput intact N-glycopeptides quantification strategy was developed, allowing the validation of 20 samples per run with an average analysis time of 3 minutes per sample. The strategy was applied in a cohort of 461 serum samples and identified a panel of 10 IgG N-glycopeptides that have strong clinical utility in evaluating the severity of liver disease.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Qian Wang, Hao Jiang, Hongli Zhang, Weiqiao Lu, Xiao Wang, Wenfeng Xu, Jia Li, Youjing Lv, Guoyun Li, Chao Cai, Guangli Yu
Summary: This study proposes a novel strategy of antibody-beta-glucan conjugates (AGC) to enhance the antitumor immune response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. AGC demonstrated powerful tumor suppression and promoted interaction between tumor cells and dendritic cells (DCs), thereby enhancing immunotherapeutic benefits.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Chaeyeon Lee, Sojeong Lee, Sang Wook Kang
Summary: The study aims to enhance the properties of porous membranes by addressing the limitations associated with phase separation. By using cellulose acetate and citric acid, the researchers were able to fabricate membranes with improved mechanical strength and thermal stability. The cross-linking effect of citric acid resulted in a more uniform pore structure and higher porosity.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Tejaswini Kolipaka, Giriraj Pandey, Noella Abraham, Dadi A. Srinivasarao, Rajeev Singh Raghuvanshi, P. S. Rajinikanth, Vidya Tickoo, Saurabh Srivastava
Summary: This review focuses on the design and application of polysaccharide-based hydrogel wound dressings, highlighting aspects such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, drug entrapment, moisturizing ability, swelling, and mechanical properties. Additionally, various crosslinking methods and recent developments in stimuli-responsive hydrogels are discussed.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Anqi Xu, Nan Zhang, Shixing Su, Hongyu Shi, Daoqiang Lu, Xifeng Li, Xin Zhang, Xin Feng, Zhuohua Wen, Gengwu Ma, Mengshi Huang, Chi Huang, Yuqi Hu, Hao Yuan, Qinwen Liu, Daogang Guan, Jun Wang, Chuanzhi Duan
Summary: The study presents a one-pot radical polymerization method to fabricate a hydrogel with adhesive properties, which can effectively treat bacterial-infected diabetic wounds and accelerate wound healing.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Montarop Yamabhai, Munthipha Khamphio, Thae Thae Min, Chai Noy Soem, Nguyen Cao Cuong, Waheni Rizki Aprilia, Krisanai Luesukprasert, Karsidete Teeranitayatarn, Atthaphon Maneedaeng, Tina R. Tuveng, Silje B. Lorentzen, Simen Antonsen, Paiboon Jitprasertwong, Vincent G. H. Eijsink
Summary: The study investigates the bioconversion of chitosan into soluble anti-inflammatory chitosan oligosaccharides (CHOS) using an enzyme. The results show that the generated CHOS have anti-inflammatory activity, but the magnitude of the activity depends on the substrate and production process. Different methods of dissolving chitosan also affect the properties of CHOS. The study highlights the importance of quality assurance in CHOS preparations.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Wen Cao, Jiangping Wu, Xinya Zhao, Zixu Li, Jie Yu, Taili Shao, Xuefeng Hou, Lutan Zhou, Chunfei Wang, Guodong Wang, Jun Han
Summary: In this study, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PLP1) was successfully isolated and purified from Pueraria lobata. It was found that PLP1 was composed of specific glycosidic units and exhibited a better free radical-scavenging ability. Moreover, PLP1 effectively protected the liver against acute alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in mice.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ya Su, Yaqian Liu, Xueyan Hu, Yueqi Lu, Jinyuan Zhang, Wenbo Jin, Wang Liu, Yan Shu, Yuen Yee Cheng, Wenfang Li, Yi Nie, Bo Pan, Kedong Song
Summary: A 3D printed scaffold based on carbon dots-curcumin nano-drug release has been developed for drug delivery after breast cancer surgery. The scaffold showed effective inhibition of tumor growth, antibacterial activity, and promotion of wound healing, making it a promising approach for preventing tumor recurrence.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ekaterina Sokolova, Diane Jouanneau, Antonin Chevenier, Murielle Jam, Nathalie Desban, Pierre Colas, Elizabeth Ficko-Blean, Gurvan Michel
Summary: Carrageenans, a compound synthesized in red algae, have various biological properties and are valuable in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Their fine structure affects wound healing, oxidative processes, hemostasis, and inflammation. Enzymatic modification of carrageenans produces oligosaccharides that bind to natural human serum antibodies and specific antibodies, showing potential for therapeutic applications.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yan Shi, Miao Yu, Kaijin Qiu, Tiantian Kong, Chunjing Guo, Wenxue Zhang, Daquan Chen, Ming Kong
Summary: In this study, functionalized transfersomes were developed to co-deliver doxorubicin and 1MT towards primary tumors and tumor draining lymph nodes via transdermal administration using microneedles. The results showed that the nano-complexed microneedles exhibited a stronger suppression in tumor growth compared to the intravenous group.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)