Article
Immunology
Pekka Hurme, Miisa Komulainen, Marleena Tulkki, Annamari Leino, Beate Ruckert, Riitta Turunen, Tytti Vuorinen, Mubeccel Akdis, Cezmi A. Akdis, Tuomas Jartti
Summary: The cytokine profiles of Rhinovirus (RV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced first wheezing episode differ, with higher cytokine expression and longer hospitalization time in the RSV group. In the RV group, increased expression of I-309 (CCL1) and TARC is associated with fewer relapses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Olivia E. Harder, Margaret Martinez, Stefan Niewiesk
Summary: Research revealed that in geriatric animals, RSV virus grew to similar titers but with delayed clearance, susceptibility to secondary infection and defective humoral immune response were observed. Depletion of cytotoxic T lymphocytes was necessary for virus inhibition, and ibuprofen accelerated viral clearance and restored CTL response.
Article
Infectious Diseases
G. Lui, C. K. Wong, M. Chan, K. C. Chong, R. Wong, I Chu, M. Zhang, T. Li, D. S. C. Hui, N. Lee, P. K. S. Chan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the viral kinetics, host inflammatory response, and their correlation with disease severity in older adults with RSV infection. The results showed that inflammatory cytokine IL-6 was independently associated with severe disease, while RSV viral load was not associated with disease severity.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yanxia Lu, Bao-Peng Liu, Crystal T. Y. Tan, Fang Pan, Anis Larbi, Tze Pin Ng
Summary: The link between pathogen exposure and mental health has been investigated in a study of over 800 participants in the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Studies. The study found that high pathogen burden is associated with increased prevalence of depressive symptoms and impaired mental health. Certain infections and inflammatory markers were found to mediate this association. These findings highlight the potential impact of pathogens on mental health.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Maria G. Balta, Evangelos Papathanasiou, Panagiotis F. Christopoulos
Summary: This review highlights the importance of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) in the treatment of COVID-19, emphasizing their role in regulating macrophages and promoting resolution of inflammation. It also discusses the molecular events linking lipid mediators with COVID-19 severity and the clinical potentials of SPMs in COVID-19 immunotherapeutics.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Heike C. Hawerkamp, Adam H. Dyer, Neha D. Patil, Matt McElheron, Niamh O'Dowd, Laura O'Doherty, Aisling Ui Mhaonaigh, Angel M. George, Aisling M. O'Halloran, Conor Reddy, Rose Anne Kenny, Mark A. Little, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Colm Bergin, Sean P. Kennelly, Seamas C. Donnelly, Nollaig M. Bourke, Aideen Long, Jacklyn Sui, Derek G. Doherty, Niall Conlon, Cliona Ni Cheallaigh, Padraic G. Fallon
Summary: Clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection show a wide range, from asymptomatic cases to severe pneumonia and death. This variability is influenced by differences in the immune response to the virus. A study measured inflammatory markers in patients with acute COVID-19 and found that most pro-inflammatory markers were significantly elevated, and specific markers were associated with disease severity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Ansar, Yue Qu, Teodora Ivanciuc, Roberto P. Garofalo, Antonella Casola
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection causes pathogenic inflammation and oxidative injury. RSV impairs antioxidant responses by degrading NRF2, a transcription factor that controls the expression of antioxidant enzymes. Lack of type I interferon receptor can reduce RSV-induced clinical disease and airway inflammation, and restore NRF2 levels and airway antioxidant capacity.
Article
Plant Sciences
Isadora de Fatima Braga Magalhaes, Ana Leticia Marinho Figueiredo, Elizeu Mendes da Silva, Adryan Adam Batalha de Miranda, Claudia Quintino da Rocha, Katia da Silva Calabrese, Fernando Almeida-Souza, Ana Lucia Abreu-Silva
Summary: A study focuses on the anti-inflammatory potential of Passovia ovata extract, which contains high levels of flavonoids. The results demonstrate significant reduction in inflammatory markers both in cell experiments and animal models. This study indicates the potential of Passovia ovata extract as a new agent for suppressing inflammatory responses.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shimon Amar, Yonat Shemer Avni, Norm O'Rourke, Tal Michael
Summary: The study examines the incidence rates of infectious diseases after a successful COVID-19 vaccination campaign and the lifting of social restrictions in Israel. The results suggest that the rates of respiratory and gastrointestinal infections have increased, indicating that similar trends could occur in other countries.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nasim Vahabi, Masoud Salehi, Julio D. Duarte, Abolfazl Mollalo, George Michailidis
Summary: The study analyzed the mortality to incidence ratio of COVID-19 in different counties in the US at different stages of the pandemic, identifying more vulnerable clusters during the three waves of the pandemic. The research found that diseases such as tuberculosis, hepatitis, and HIV/AIDS were significantly associated with more vulnerable county clusters, and heart complications and cancer were the main risk factors.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Zaid Haddadin, Stockton Beveridge, Kailee Fernandez, Danielle A. Rankin, Varvara Probst, Andrew J. Spieker, Tiffanie M. Markus, Laura S. Stewart, William Schaffner, Mary Lou Lindegren, Natasha Halasa
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in hospitalized children. RSV-positive children were more likely to be hospitalized, require intensive care unit admission, and receive oxygen compared with children positive for other viruses. Higher viral load, White race, younger age, and higher severity score were independently associated with hospitalization in RSV-positive children.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Pollyana C. P. Santos, Adrian J. Holloway, Jason W. Custer, Tomaz Alves, Liliana Simon
Summary: This article explores the etiology and clinical manifestations of encephalitis in children and presents a case report of encephalitis in two children infected with parainfluenza and respiratory syncytial virus. The case demonstrates the occurrence of cytokine storm and multiorgan inflammatory response, with one patient recovering well and the other eventually dying.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Xin Long, Jun Xie, Luo Ren, Guangyuan Yu, Enmei Liu, Yu Deng, Xiaoru Long
Summary: IL-17A has a significant role in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and is associated with respiratory system diseases in children and mice. CD3(+)CD4(+)T cells are its major cellular sources, and the IL-6/IL-21-IL-23R-ROR gamma t signaling pathway might participate in its regulation.
Review
Immunology
Wenji Zhang, Hui Lin, Mingmin Zou, Qinghua Yuan, Zhenrui Huang, Xiaoying Pan, Wenjuan Zhang
Summary: Nicotine, as an anti-inflammatory alkaloid, has dual roles in treating diseases. It predominantly exhibits anti-inflammatory effects, especially in ulcerative colitis, arthritis, sepsis, and endotoxemia, but may promote and aggravate certain diseases such as periodontitis and gingivitis in oral inflammation. The molecular mechanism of nicotine in these inflammatory diseases involves regulating immune cells, immune factors, and the vagus and acetylcholinergic anti-inflammatory pathways, offering potential value for remedying acute and chronic inflammation in humans.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Farzad Aghaei, Mohammad Taghi Moradi, Ali Karimi
Summary: Influenza A virus infection causes severe pneumonia, with an excessive immune response exacerbating complications. Punicalagin decreases the expression and concentration levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, and interleukin1-beta, exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE
(2021)