Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cheryl de Valliere, Jesus Cosin-Roger, Katharina Baebler, Anja Schoepflin, Celine Mamie, Michelle Mollet, Cordelia Schuler, Susan Bengs, Silvia Lang, Michael Scharl, Klaus Seuwen, Pedro A. Ruiz, Martin Hausmann, Gerhard Rogler
Summary: This study investigated the expression and signaling of OGR1 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and found its association with the pathogenesis of IBD. The results showed increased OGR1 expression in IBD patients compared to non-IBD patients, and increased OGR1-dependent signaling in IBD patients. This suggests an active role of OGR1 in IBD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leonie Perren, Moana Busch, Cordelia Schuler, Pedro A. Ruiz, Federica Foti, Nathalie Weibel, Cheryl de Valliere, Yasser Morsy, Klaus Seuwen, Martin Hausmann, Gerhard Rogler
Summary: G-protein-coupled receptors OGR1 and TDAG8 play opposite roles in inflammatory bowel disease, with OGR1 deficiency reducing inflammation severity and TDAG8 deficiency increasing inflammation. These findings suggest the potential importance of OGR1 and TDAG8 as therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guo-Shou Wang, Ji-Ying Chen, Wei-Cheng Chen, I-Chin Wei, Szu-Wei Lin, Kuang-Wen Liao, Tzu-Sen Yang, Ju-Fang Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that surfactin can induce apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells while having no effect on normal cells. Surfactin triggers ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to programmed cell apoptosis.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jialin Li, Kan Chen, Jianhua Huang, Dongqing Chu, Miaomiao Tian, Keqiang Huang, Chunyu Ma
Summary: Asiatic acid (AA) is shown to induce apoptotic death in tongue cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, potentially through mechanisms involving increased calcium levels and endoplasmic reticulum stress. This suggests that AA could be a promising therapeutic tool for tongue cancer treatment.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Margherita Vieri, Christian Preisinger, Mirle Schemionek, Azam Salimi, John B. Patterson, Afshin Samali, Tim H. Bruemmendorf, Iris Appelmann, Behzad Kharabi Masouleh
Summary: In BCR-ABL1-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the simultaneous pharmacological inhibition of BCR-ABL1 and IRE1 alpha using tyrosine kinase inhibitor nilotinib and IRE1 alpha inhibitor MKC-8866 showed a synergistic effect on cell viability. The study also revealed that a genetic level dual inhibition strategy sensitized cells to TKIs and identified p38 MAPK and JNK as potential mediators of the synergistic cytotoxic effect. This combined action may represent a successful therapeutic strategy for high-risk Ph+ ALL.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lina Y. Hassab, Samah S. Abbas, Reham A. Mohammed, Dalaal M. Abdallah
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of DMF treatment on Huntington's disease (HD). The results showed that DMF improved motor deficits, increased striatal dopamine content, and reduced astrogliosis in HD rats. Mechanistically, DMF suppressed endoplasmic reticulum stress, inhibited apoptotic pathway, enhanced antioxidant capacity, and activated AKT/mTOR and BDNF/TrkB/AKT/CREB signaling pathways.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Panida Sittipo, Hyun Kyu Kim, Jaeseok Han, Man Ryul Lee, Yun Kyung Lee
Summary: Vitamin D-3 enhances differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells into specialized lineages while suppressing intestinal cell stemness and promoting apoptotic cell death. Additionally, it inhibits the formation of crypt-villus structure and upregulates unfolded protein response genes, ultimately leading to ER stress activation.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hye-Jeong Hwang, So Rok Lee, Ju-Gyeong Yoon, Hye-Ri Moon, Jingnan Zhang, Eunmi Park, Su-In Yoon, Jin Ah Cho
Summary: The intestinal epithelial barrier is crucial for defense against toxins and bacteria. Ferulic acid has anti-inflammatory properties and protects intestinal tight junctions.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zheng-kun Zhang, Yan Zhou, Jun Cao, Dan-yang Liu, Li-hong Wan
Summary: The study found that rosmarinic acid has a protective effect on septic-associated mortality and lung injury by inhibiting lung cell apoptosis to alleviate inflammation.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mi Ho Jeong, Mi Seon Jeon, Ga Eun Kim, Ha Ryong Kim
Summary: Studies have shown that PHMG-p is rapidly located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and induces ER stress in A549 cells and mice. The ER stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) was used as a pre-treatment to confirm the role of ER stress in PHMG-p-induced cytotoxicity. The findings suggest that PHMG-p causes ER-stress-mediated apoptosis, which is an initial step in PHMG-p-induced lung fibrosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yingjuan Yang, Yana Liu, Yanhua Zhang, Wei Ji, Lan Wang, Shao C. Lee
Summary: PPG can induce ROS-mediated BIP/eIF2 alpha/CHOP and BIP/ASK1/JNK signaling pathways in colon cancer cells, leading to apoptosis. The inhibition of these pathways by N-acetylcysteine attenuates PPG-induced apoptosis, indicating the potential of PPG as a therapeutic agent for human colon cancer.
ANTI-CANCER AGENTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Gamze Toydemir, Linda M. P. Loonen, Prashanna Balaji Venkatasubramanian, Jurriaan J. Mes, Jerry M. Wells, Nicole De Wit
Summary: Research shows that coffee induces beneficial adaptive responses in cells, with AHR-activating potencies being rapidly absorbed and metabolized in intestinal epithelial cells. Coffee can increase the expression of genes like CYP1A1, contributing to antioxidant defense and detoxification processes in vivo.
Article
Biology
Guillaume Jacquemin, Annabelle Wurmser, Mathilde Huyghe, Wenjie Sun, Zeinab Homayed, Candice Merle, Meghan Perkins, Fairouz Qasrawi, Sophie Richon, Florent Dingli, Guillaume Arras, Damarys Loew, Danijela Vignjevic, Julie Pannequin, Silvia Fre
Summary: This study reveals a paracrine mechanism by which intestinal cancer cells reactivate fetal and regenerative transcriptional programs in neighboring wildtype epithelial cells, rendering them adapted to thrive in the tumor context. The glycoprotein thrombospondin- 1 (THBS1) is identified as the essential factor mediating non-cell-autonomous morphological and transcriptional responses. The THBS1-YAP axis is shown to be the mechanistic link mediating paracrine interactions between epithelial cells in intestinal tumors.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Woo Yeon Hwang, Wook Ha Park, Dong Hoon Suh, Kidong Kim, Yong Beom Kim, Jae Hong No
Summary: DFMO significantly reduces cell viability in ovarian cancer cells through polyamine depletion and apoptosis pathways, as well as by mediating through AP-1, activating JNK, and enhancing the effect of cisplatin.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Jinming Wen, Pang Lyu, Iris Stolzer, Jin Xu, Andreas Giessl, Zhen Lin, Darja Andreev, Katerina Kachler, Rui Song, Xianyi Meng, Shan Cao, Giuliana Guggino, Francesco Ciccia, Claudia Guenther, Georg Schett, Aline Bozec
Summary: This study investigates the role of the mucosal barrier in the intestine in the development of arthritis. The expression of intestinal hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2 alpha is found to be associated with the onset of experimental arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Deletion of HIF-2 alpha in intestinal epithelial cells inhibits arthritis, improves intestinal barrier function, and reduces activation of immune cells. Mechanistically, HIF-2 alpha induces the transcription of claudin-15, which affects intestinal barrier integrity.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marianne Rebecca Spalinger, Ali Shawki, Pritha Chatterjee, Vinicius Canale, Alina Santos, Anica Sayoc-Becerra, Michael Scharl, Michel L. Tremblay, James Borneman, Declan F. McCole
Summary: Loss of PTPN2 significantly impairs the ability of macrophages to clear invading bacteria through increased uptake, reduced autophagy, and compromised lysosomal acidification. The findings suggest that lack of PTPN2 in macrophages leads to increased susceptibility to bacterial infection.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sebastian Bruno Ulrich Jordi, Brian Matthew Lang, Bianca Auschra, Roland von Kanel, Luc Biedermann, Thomas Greuter, Philipp Schreiner, Gerhard Rogler, Niklas Krupka, Michael Christian Sulz, Benjamin Misselwitz, Stefan Begre
Summary: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a higher risk of depression, which has been shown to impact disease progression. This study found that depression is a strong predictor of clinical deterioration in IBD patients, and genetic markers may play a role in this relationship.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marlene Schwarzfischer, Anna Niechcial, Kristina Handler, Yasser Morsy, Marcin Wawrzyniak, Andrea S. Laimbacher, Kirstin Atrott, Roberto Manzini, Katharina Baebler, Larissa Hering, Egle Katkeviciute, Janine Hafliger, Silvia Lang, Maja E. Keller, Jerome Woodtli, Lisa Eisenbeiss, Thomas Kraemer, Elisabeth M. Schraner, Mahesa Wiesendanger, Sebastian Zeissig, Gerhard Rogler, Andreas E. Moor, Michael Scharl, Marianne R. Spalinger
Summary: This study investigates the interaction between the PTPN22 gene variation and food-grade titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The results show that the ingestion of titanium dioxide nanoparticles makes mice carrying the PTPN22 variation susceptible to IBD and triggers severe intestinal inflammation. This demonstrates that environmental factors can interact with genetic risk variants and reverse a protective mechanism into a disease-promoting effect.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Cordelia Schuler, Federica Foti, Leonie Perren, Celine Mamie, Bruce Weder, Michelle Stokmaier, Cheryl de Valliere, Rainer Heuchel, Pedro A. Ruiz, Gerhard Rogler, Martin Hausmann
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of Smad7 deficiency on inflammation and fibrogenesis, and showed that Smad7 deficiency is associated with ameliorated inflammation and increased collagen deposition.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Joana Torres, Maria Chaparro, Mette Julsgaard, Konstantinos Katsanos, Zuzana Zelinkova, Manasi Agrawal, Sandro Ardizzone, Marjo Campmans-Kuijpers, Gabriele Dragoni, Marc Ferrante, Gionata Fiorino, Emma Flanagan, Catarina Frias Gomes, Ailsa Hart, Charlotte Rose Hedin, Pascal Juillerat, Annemarie Mulders, Par Myrelid, Aoibhlinn O'Toole, Pauline Riviere, Michael Scharl, Christian Philipp Selinger, Elena Sonnenberg, Murat Toruner, Jantien Wieringa, C. Janneke Van der Woude
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ana Rostaher, Yasser Morsy, Claude Favrot, Stefan Unterer, Manuela Schnyder, Michael Scharl, Nina Maria Fischer
Summary: This study compares the gut microbiota of allergic and healthy dogs and finds significant differences between the two groups. These results suggest that alterations in gut microbiota diversity and composition may be associated with canine atopic dermatitis (AD).
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Janine Hafliger, Marlene Schwarzfischer, Kirstin Atrott, Claudia Stanzel, Yasser Morsy, Marcin Wawrzyniak, Silvia Lang, Tomas Valenta, Konrad Basler, Gerhard Rogler, Michael Scharl, Marianne R. Spalinger
Summary: The loss of GP96 in the adult mice intestine leads to the degeneration of the stem cell niche, the eradication of the epithelial layer, and ultimately death. This is due to defects in Wnt and Notch signaling, as well as massive induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress. GP96 also plays a critical role in regulating the renewal and differentiation of intestinal stem cells.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Severin Lautenschlager, Mamadou Pathe Barry, Gerhard Rogler, Luc Biedermann, Philipp Schreiner, Alexander Siebenhuener
Summary: This study aimed to identify lifestyle factors that affect the onset of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The results showed that patients with inflammatory bowel disease were less likely to engage in regular physical activity during childhood and early adulthood compared to the control group. There was no significant association between intake of refined sugar and the onset of inflammatory bowel disease. Patients with Crohn's disease had a higher rate of overweight during childhood compared to ulcerative colitis and the control group. The study highlights the relevance of environmental factors in the development of inflammatory bowel disease and suggests a protective effect of physical activity on its onset.
BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Audrey Kovatsch, Hanna Honcharova-Biletska, Daniel Segna, Klaus Steigmiller, Sena Bluemel, Rudolf A. Deibel, Tobias Kuehlewindt, Georg Leinenkugel, Sandra Mueller, Eva Furrer, Khoschy Schawkat, Caecilia S. Reiner, Achim Weber, Beat Muellhaupt, Michael Scharl, Christoph Gubler, Christoph Juengst
Summary: This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of 2D-SWE assessed by the Canon Aplio i800 ultrasound system in liver fibrosis and compared it with traditional liver histology and transient elastography (TE). The results showed that 2D-SWE had good to excellent performance in diagnosing significant fibrosis, severe fibrosis, and cirrhosis, and its accuracy was comparable to TE. Therefore, the 2D-SWE system has a promising potential in the diagnostic workup of chronic liver disease.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anna Niechcial, Marlene Schwarzfischer, Marcin Wawrzyniak, Kirstin Atrott, Andrea Laimbacher, Yasser Morsy, Egle Katkeviciute, Janine Hafliger, Patrick Westermann, Cezmi A. Akdis, Michael Scharl, Marianne R. Spalinger
Summary: The study found that the polyamine spermidine can reduce intestinal inflammation by promoting the production of anti-inflammatory macrophages, maintaining a healthy gut microbiome, and preserving the integrity of the intestinal barrier, suggesting its potential therapeutic role in inflammatory bowel disease.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Marianne Spalinger, Marlene Schwarzfischer, Anna Niechcial, Kirstin Atrott, Andrea Laimbacher, Paulin Jirkof, Michael Scharl
Summary: The use of analgesics in DSS-induced colitis models is currently discouraged due to potential interactions. However, this study found that tramadol and paracetamol can be viable options without interfering with colitis severity. Tramadol had minor effects on colitis, while paracetamol improved overall appearance. Metamizole, on the other hand, significantly reduced water uptake and caused weight loss.
LABORATORY ANIMALS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Daniel Schweckendiek, Dagmar Pauli, Michael Scharl
Summary: Eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and avoidant restrictive food intake disorder, are potentially life-threatening with severe psychiatric and somatic comorbidities. The number of patients is expected to increase significantly in the post COVID-19 pandemic era. This article focuses on the gastroenterologic aspects and complications of eating disorders, rather than the psychiatric treatment. The role of gastroenterologists in managing these complications is crucial.
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Barbara E. Stahli, Michael Scharl, Christian M. Matter
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Michael Scharl
Summary: Current data on the clinical effectiveness of microbiota-based therapies varies greatly between different diseases. While certain therapies proved successful in the treatment of some diseases, the data is still insufficient on their effectiveness in other diseases. So far, the most successful treatment in this context is fecal microbiota transplantation with a success rate of 80-90% for the treatment of Clostridioides difficile colitis.
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Janine Haefliger, Yasser Morsy, Michael Scharl, Marcin Wawrzyniak
Summary: Intestinal stem cells (ISC) play a critical role in maintaining the function of the gastrointestinal tract. However, current knowledge about the culture methods and in vitro systems for ISC research is limited. This review presents established methods, discusses their potential and limitations, and aims to support the development of personalized therapeutic options.
STEM CELL REVIEWS AND REPORTS
(2022)