Article
Environmental Sciences
Matteo Giordani, Maria Assunta Meli, Carla Roselli, Michele Betti, Fabio Peruzzi, Marco Taussi, Laura Valentini, Ivan Fagiolino, Michele Mattioli
Summary: From a toxicological perspective, there is limited knowledge about the effects of highly soluble particles and fibers in water and biological environments. This study focused on natural water-soluble epsomite fibers and found that they are of inhalable size, contain significant amounts of toxic elements and surprisingly high levels of radioactive isotopes, posing potential hazards to human health.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Ze-Hong Wu, Yue-Song Liu, Xin-Duo Li, Te Xu, Jing Xu, Xue-Ming Yang, Ren-Qiang Ma, Xing-Tao Jiang
Summary: Through acute and subacute inhalation toxicity studies of WS-23 in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, it was found that no significant toxicity effects were observed at the experimental dose levels, with blood and biochemical parameters showing no adverse effects. In conclusion, the maximum tolerated dose for WS-23 in acute inhalation is above 340.0 mg/m(3), and the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) for subacute inhalation of WS-23 was determined to be over 342.85 mg/m(3).
JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Federica Persico, Frederic Coulon, Melissa Ladyman, Tracey Temple
Summary: This study developed an environmental hazard-based rating methodology to assess the severity of chemical contamination to ecological soil systems, and categorized the chemicals into different environmental hazard priorities for decision-making process.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Ke Fang, Yu-Xin Xiang, Han Wang, Ming-Kun Li, Si-Yuan Jiang, Chen-Jun Liu, Xin Yang, Su-Wan Wei, Jin-Jing Xiao, Yan-Hong Shi, Hai-Qun Cao
Summary: This study assessed the inhalation risk of difenoconazole on humans using dose-response and exposure assessments. The results showed that the respiratory exposure in populations around farmland ranged from 71 to 430 ng/m3.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jianzhong Zhang, Xinmin Jiang, Xin Li, He Sun, Mingyue Wang, Wanjun Zhang, Haonan Li, Hongmei Wang, Min Zhuang, Lin Zhang, Lin Lu, Jinglong Tang
Summary: Chlorhexidine, a commonly used guanidine disinfectant, may cause lung injury and fibrosis. Inhalation of chlorhexidine aerosol can induce an inflammatory response and activate pathways related to extracellular matrix deposition. Furthermore, chlorhexidine exposure may induce fibrosis-like injury by enhancing mucus secretion.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Philip Harber
Summary: This paper applies causal inference analysis to assess the effects of poorly soluble low toxicity particles on the lungs. It creates a framework using directed acyclic graphs to define pathways and influences of confounders, backdoor pathways, and analytic models. The methods are useful for clarifying observed relationships and delineating variables for analysis.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Otto Creutzenberg, Helena Oliveira, Lucian Farcal, Dirk Schaudien, Ana Mendes, Ana Catarina Menezes, Tatjana Tischler, Sabina Burla, Christina Ziemann
Summary: Graphene-related two-dimensional nanomaterials have promising characteristics, but their potential adverse health effects need further investigation. In this study, different graphene-related nanoplates were used to develop a screening approach for toxicological hazard assessment. The results showed that the effects of nanoplates on cells and animals varied depending on the material, cell type, concentration, and time. The study also identified lung alveolar macrophages as the most predictive in vitro model for evaluating the toxicity of graphene nanoplates.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Eun Ji Ha, Jeong In Seo, Shaheed Ur Rehman, Hyung Soon Park, Sang-Ku Yoo, Hye Hyun Yoo
Summary: In order to address the issue of bioavailability estimation for poorly water-soluble drugs, this study explored a method using a stable isotope tracer. A bioanalytical method using LC-MS/MS was developed to determine the concentration of HGR4113 and its deuterated analog, HGR4113-d7, in rat plasma. The results showed that the current method reduced measurement errors in bioavailability when compared to the conventional approach by eliminating the differences in clearance between oral and intravenous dosages. This study suggests a prominent method for evaluating the bioavailability of drugs with poor aqueous solubility in preclinical studies.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Roxana Suhring, Philipp Mayer, Pim Leonards, Matthew MacLeod
Summary: The environmental risk assessment of UVCBs is challenging due to their complexity, but an in silico fate-directed risk assessment framework can provide quantitative information on the impact of unknown constituents on the environmental risk of the entire UVCB. In the case of cedarwood oil, a risk assessment based on known constituents was found to be representative for the environmental risk of the entire UVCB, reducing the need for additional testing.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS
(2022)
Review
Toxicology
Chiu-wing Lam, Vincent Castranova, Kevin Driscoll, David Warheit, Valerie Ryder, Ye Zhang, Patti Zeidler-Erdely, Robert Hunter, Robert Scully, William Wallace, John James, Brian Crucian, Mayra Nelman, Richard Mccluskey, Donald Gardner, Roger Renne, Roger Mcclellan
Summary: The mechanisms of particle-induced pathogenesis in the lung remain poorly understood. Neutrophilic inflammation and oxidative stress in the lung are hallmarks of toxicity. Multiple investigations have shown that particle surface reactive oxygen species (psROS) do not significantly contribute to the toxicity of particles in the lung. However, studies have found that alveolar neutrophils play a critical role in particle-induced injury and toxicity in the lung. It is also suggested that neutrophil-centric mechanism may explain animal species differences in responses to poorly soluble particles. This research has important implications for the risk assessment of human exposures to dust particles and environmental particulate matter.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kenneth A. Mundt, Annette B. Santamaria, William J. Thompson, Christopher A. Bates, Corey Boles, G. Scott Dotson, Mei Yong
Summary: There is a large difference between rats and humans, and it appears that different PSLT particles do not increase the risk of lung cancer under occupational exposure.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Qiu-Jing Pan, Yat-Fai Leung, Shu-Chien Hsu
Summary: This paper presents a probabilistic assessment of seismically-induced slope displacements, integrating a stochastic ground motion model and a three-dimensional rotational failure mechanism. A new probabilistic approach using relevance vector machine and polynomial chaos expansions is proposed, showing higher effectiveness in estimating failure probabilities. The study discusses the sensitivity of random input parameters to slope displacements and establishes fragility curves for specific soil conditions and earthquake hazard levels.
GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Elvira Rudin, Juliane Gluege, Martin Scheringer
Summary: The EU is planning to restrict the manufacture, placing on the market and use of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) as a class. However, the currently available data on registered PFASs under REACH are not sufficient to identify those that are persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT) or very persistent and very bioaccumulative (vPvB). The planned PFASs restriction will be important for a more effective regulation of these substances.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Respiratory System
Valerie Forest, Clement Mercier, Jeremie Pourchez
Summary: Electronic cigarettes can be used as a smoking cessation aid, although they are not completely safe. Studies have shown that they are less hazardous than tobacco cigarettes. However, the variation in study designs assessing the toxicity of e-cigarettes aerosol in vitro makes it difficult to draw robust conclusions. This paper reviews this heterogeneity and discusses the importance of dosimetry in aligning data and exploring the risk potential of e-cigarettes.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Kathy Stavropoulos, Jim Bernhard, Kwame Nti-Addae, Elisabeth Doyle, Wojciech Dworakowski, Andrey Peresypkin, Setu Roday
Summary: In this study, nanosuspension formulations prepared by Adaptive Focused AcousticsTM (AFA) show improved PK performance compared to DMSO solution formulations, which are prone to precipitation in-vivo. The use of AFA technology allows for the preparation of nanosuspensions at small scales with broad applicability.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Peter Moller, Hakan Wallin, Flemming R. Cassee, Steffen Loft
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Toxicology
Pedro M. Costa, Ilse Gosens, Andrew Williams, Lucian Farcal, Daniele Pantano, David M. Brown, Vicki Stone, Flemming R. Cassee, Sabina Halappanavar, Bengt Fadeel
JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wim H. De Jong, Eveline De Rijk, Alessandro Bonetto, Wendel Wohlleben, Vicki Stone, Andrea Brunelli, Elena Badetti, Antonio Marcomini, Ilse Gosens, Flemming R. Cassee
Article
Toxicology
Estefania Bernal-Melendez, Marie-Christine Lacroix, Pascaline Bouillaud, Jacques Callebert, Benoit Olivier, Marie-Annick Persuy, Didier Durieux, Delphine Rousseau-Ralliard, Josiane Aioun, Flemming Cassee, Anne Couturier-Tarrade, Sarah Valentino, Pascale Chavatte-Palmer, Henri Schroeder, Christine Baly
PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY
(2019)
Review
Toxicology
Michael Riediker, Daniele Zink, Wolfgang Kreyling, Gunter Oberdorster, Alison Elder, Uschi Graham, Iseult Lynch, Albert Duschl, Gaku Ichihara, Sahoko Ichihara, Takahiro Kobayashi, Naomi Hisanaga, Masakazu Umezawa, Tsun-Jen Cheng, Richard Handy, Mary Gulumian, Sally Tinkle, Flemming Cassee
PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Allergy
Dingyu Liu, James G. Wagner, Jack R. Harkema, Miriam E. Gerlofs-Nijland, Elena Pinelli, Gert Folkerts, Rob J. Vandebriel, Flemming R. Cassee
WORLD ALLERGY ORGANIZATION JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Toxicology
Dingyu Liu, James G. Wagner, Rob Mariman, Jack R. Harkema, Miriam E. Gerlofs-Nijland, Elena Pinelli, Gert Folkerts, Flemming R. Cassee, Rob J. Vandebriel
INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Maria Joao Bessa, Fatima Brandao, Paul Fokkens, Flemming R. Cassee, Apostolos Salmatonidis, Mar Viana, Adriana Vulpoi, Simion Simon, Eliseo Monfort, Joao Paulo Teixeira, Sonia Fraga
Summary: The study highlighted the potential hazard associated with exposure to incidental nanoparticles in industrial settings. Results indicated that process-generated nanoparticles and fine particles possess higher toxicity potential compared to engineered nanoparticles in terms of mass per area unit. However, the presence of a mucociliary apparatus as a defense mechanism significantly attenuated the observed toxic effects.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ariana Lammers, Anne H. Neerincx, Susanne J. H. Vijverberg, Cristina Longo, Nicole A. H. Janssen, A. John F. Boere, Paul Brinkman, Flemming R. Cassee, Anke H. Maitland van der Zee
Summary: This study explored the effects of short-term exposure to air pollution on the exhaled breath profiles of healthy adults, finding that high levels of air pollution may influence breath composition, although the impact may be minimal for regular daily exposures.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Maria Joao Bessa, Fatima Brandao, Paul H. B. Fokkens, Daan L. A. C. Leseman, A. John F. Boere, Flemming R. Cassee, Apostolos Salmatonidis, Mar Viana, Adriana Vulpoi, Simion Simon, Eliseo Monfort, Joao Paulo Teixeira, Sonia Fraga
Summary: Diverse industries have incorporated engineered nanoparticles (ENP) into their production processes, increasing the risk of worker inhalation exposure. In vitro models, particularly using air-liquid interface (ALI) cell cultures, are valuable for studying ENP toxicity. When comparing submerged and ALI conditions for ENP exposure, it was found that ALI cultures were more sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of ENP on human alveolar epithelial-like cells.
Article
Toxicology
Yvonne C. M. Staal, Yixuan Li, Lora-Sophie Gerber, Paul Fokkens, Hans Cremers, Flemming R. Cassee, Reinskje Talhout, Remco H. S. Westerink, Harm J. Heusinkveld
Summary: The direct effects of inhaled harmful constituents primarily affect the airways, but these compounds can also be rapidly absorbed and cause systemic effects. This study combines in vitro systems to evaluate the neurological effects of inhaled compounds. The results demonstrate that exposure to e-cigarette vapor induces the production of cytokines in lung cells and the translocation of compounds across the cell culture. Furthermore, exposure-related changes in neuronal electrical activity were observed when the cell culture medium was transferred to neuronal cells. This approach can realistically assess the neurotoxic effects of inhaled compounds and contribute to future risk assessment strategies based on mechanisms.
INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nienke Ruijter, Lya G. Soeteman-Hernandez, Marie Carriere, Matthew Boyles, Polly McLean, Julia Catalan, Alberto Katsumiti, Joan Cabellos, Camilla Delpivo, Araceli Sanchez Jimenez, Ana Candalija, Isabel Rodriguez-Llopis, Socorro Vazquez-Campos, Flemming R. Cassee, Hedwig Braakhuis
Summary: The Safe-by-Design (SbD) concept aims to enhance the development of safer materials/products by reducing hazards and exposures through timely interventions. This review evaluates commonly used in vitro assays for their suitability in SbD hazard testing of nanomaterials (NMs). It also discusses the effects of various factors on predictivity and the compatibility of assays with advanced materials and NMs released during the lifecycle.
Article
Toxicology
Ali Reza Nosratabadi, Mats Gustafsson, Karin Loven, Stefan A. Ljunggren, Ulf Olofsson, Saeed Abbasi, Goran Blomqvist, Helen Karlsson, Anders G. Ljungman, Flemming R. Cassee, Miriam E. Gerlofs-Nijland, Anders Gudmundsson
Summary: This study investigated the effects of road and brake wear particles on pulmonary function and biomarkers in isolated perfused rat lungs. The results showed that particles from road quartzite and brake materials had significant effects on tidal volume and cytokine levels. The choice of rock material in road pavements has the potential to affect the toxicity of road wear particles.
INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Critical Care Medicine
J. G. Wagner, S. Dekkers, E. Eldridge, R. Vandebriel, J. R. Harkema, F. R. Cassee
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2018)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Fiona Sewell, Ian Ragan, Graham Horgan, David Andrew, Thomas Holmes, Irene Manou, Boris P. Mueller, Tim Rowan, Barbara G. Schmitt, Marco Corvaro
Summary: There are currently three test guidelines for acute oral toxicity studies, but the subjectivity of one guideline may be hindering its wider use. In order to address this, the NC3Rs and EPAA collaborated to analyze historical data and provide recommendations on the recognition of 'evident toxicity'.
REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Michael DeVito, Bas Bokkers, Majorie B. M. van Duursen, Karin van Ede, Mark Feeley, Elsa Antunes Fernandes Gaspar, Laurie Haws, Sean Kennedy, Richard E. Peterson, Ron Hoogenboom, Keiko Nohara, Kim Petersen, Cynthia Rider, Martin Rose, Stephen Safe, Dieter Schrenk, Matthew W. Wheeler, Daniele S. Wikoff, Bin Zhao, Martin van den Berg
Summary: In October 2022, the World Health Organization reevaluated the toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for chlorinated dioxin-like compounds in a panel convened in Lisbon. This effort utilized an updated database, Bayesian dose response modeling, and meta-analysis to derive Best-Estimate TEFs. Applying these new TEFs may result in lower total toxic equivalents for dioxin-like chemicals.
REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2024)