Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Feng Tian, Long Miao, Qimeng Xia, Ningfei Wang, Xiao Hou
Summary: This study investigates the effect of simulated anode size and structure, simulated anode surface state, flow rate of background working gas, and background plasma density on the emission characteristics and plume structure of a hollow cathode plasma contactor. Experimental results provide valuable information for guiding contactor design and developing on-orbit experiment plans.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
P. V. Moskvin, V. N. Devyatkov, M. S. Vorobyov, V. I. Shin, I. V. Lopatin, N. N. Koval, S. Yu. Doroshkevich, M. S. Torba
Summary: In a plasma-cathode electron source, creating an auxiliary anode plasma before generating an electron beam helps shorten the rise time of the beam current, minimize high-frequency oscillations at low pressures, and reduce the probability of acceleration gap breakdowns. These effects are primarily attributed to gas pre-ionization and ion flows within the system.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
F. Pagaud, V Dolique, N. Claire, N. Plihon
Summary: Thermionic emission from a polycrystalline tungsten emissive cathode immersed in a magnetized plasma column is investigated experimentally and numerically. The study reveals that plasma-cathode interactions result in an inhomogeneous distribution of cathode temperature, leading to potentially unstable operation. Detailed thermal modeling accurately reproduces experimental measurements and quantifies the relative importance of heating and cooling mechanisms.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. V. Kazakov, E. M. Oks, N. A. Panchenko
Summary: We present experimental results of a pulsed broad-beam plasma-cathode electron source with a double-mesh emission electrode. The emission plasma is generated by a pulsed cathodic arc, allowing for higher operating pressure and different modes of electron beam generation. The transient mode at the beginning of the emission current pulse exhibits higher emission efficiency, while the quasi-stationary mode depends on gas pressure and auxiliary mesh parameters.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nicholas Farr, Jeerawan Thanarak, Jan Schaefer, Antje Quade, Frederik Claeyssens, Nicola Green, Cornelia Rodenburg
Summary: Understanding the effects of sterilization methods on biomaterial surface is crucial for clinical deployment. This study compared surfaces from autoclave sterilization with low-pressure Argon glow discharge to explore a potential new sterilization method, finding that the latter showed promising results for further optimization as a potential terminal sterilization method.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
I. Yu. Bakeev, A. S. Klimov, E. M. Oks, A. A. Zenin
Summary: The study found that the geometry of the hollow cathode plasma source significantly influences the effect of the magnetic field.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jana Jiresova, Vladimir Scholtz, Jaroslav Julak, Bozena Sera
Summary: Recently, the use of low-temperature plasmas and plasma-activated water (PAW) in biological research has gained much attention. This article reviews the composition and properties of PAW prepared by different methods, and finds no significant difference between PAW prepared by plasma treatment and that prepared by mixing the active ingredients. The research also shows that PAW promotes germination and growth of wheat grains, and effectively decontaminates bacteria and yeast.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Muhammad A. Abbas, Jin Ho Bang, Raju Thota
Summary: Under specific pH conditions, TiO2 nanostructured photoelectrodes can generate a concentration differential at the electrolyte/electrode interface, producing anomalous photoeffect (APE) where increased cathodic current is identified as the source of the APE.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Zongxi Zhang, Zhike Sui, Chuanzeng Song, Wenhao Lu, Xiang Fan, Hongzhi Li, Pei Wang
Summary: Emission from diesel engines is a significant source of air pollution, and various measures have been taken to mitigate it. Nonthermal plasma (NTP) technology has been introduced to address engine emission treatment. This research analyzes the selection of NTP generator, parameter design, electric field intensity, coupling mode of NTP and catalyst, catalyst loading mode, and the mechanism of CO, HC, PM, and VOCs treatment by NTP. The authors also provide suggestions for the development of NTP technology.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ding Li, Cheng Xu, Yanjun Liao, Wenzhe Cai, Yongqiao Zhu, Zhong Lin Wang
Summary: Experimental findings show that photon emission occurs during contact electrification, demonstrating electron transfer between two solid materials, opening up a path to study interface spectroscopy.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xue-Lian Jin, Pei-Yu Ji, Lan-Jian Zhuge, Xue-Mei Wu, Cheng-Gang Jin
Summary: A method of depositing vertical graphene nanosheet (VGN) on the surface of materials is proposed in this paper, along with a study on the secondary electron emission (SEE) characteristics for the VGN structure. Results show that the VGN structure has a good effect on suppressing SEE.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yang Zhang, Ye Song, Jie Liu
Summary: This study proposes a strategy to achieve high stability of cathode materials by constructing a stable electrode-electrolyte interface through cross-linked binder molecular chains. The cross-linked polymer can form stable hydrogen bonds and chemically anchor transition metals, effectively preventing their dissolution. This work is of practical significance.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Haruhiko Yamasaki, Hashira Yamamoto, Yuki Koizumi, Yuta Fukuda, Tomoyuki Kuroki, Masaaki Okubo
Summary: In order to use the combustion of fossil fuels as a sustainable energy source, an affordable and energy-efficient exhaust gas treatment is needed for NOx, SOx, and suspended particulate matter. The plasma hybrid exhaust gas treatment proposed in this study combines plasma and chemical processes to clean exhaust gas. The experiment showed high removal efficiencies for NO, NOx, and SOx (33%, 16%, and 55% respectively), making the plasma chemical hybrid process a potentially suitable method for glass melting furnace exhaust gas treatment.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Zdenek Bonaventura, Petr Bilek, Jan Tungli, Milan Simek
Summary: A bouncing-like mechanism for electron multiplication inside nano-ruptures in liquid water has been proposed recently. This mechanism is caused by strong electrostrictive forces and leads to the formation of electron avalanches. The electrons emitted from the water surface support the propagation of the avalanche, and the avalanche itself becomes a source of parent electrons that cause secondary emission. The process of electron secondary emission is analyzed based on simulation results, allowing for an in situ study of the related physical processes. The results show that the lifetime of an electron in an avalanche is about 0.1 to 0.2 picoseconds, and the electron experiences multiple bounces before ending up in liquid water. Additionally, the secondary electrons are formed in a thin layer adjacent to the nano-rupture surface.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
M. J. Johnson, W. A. Maza, V. M. Breslin, D. R. Boris, T. B. Petrova, S. G. Walton
Summary: This study investigates a plasma driven with high-voltage pulses for degrading PFOS in water and finds that the contact time between the plasma reactor and the solution is the main factor determining PFOS loss. The most energy efficient operating parameters for PFOS degradation come from minimizing the duration and frequency of the high-voltage pulses to reduce power consumption.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Hernan E. Delgado, Gabriel H. Brown, David M. Bartels, Paul Rumbach, David B. Go
Summary: The study reveals that a characteristic transition time can be determined through mathematical analysis for the transition from efficient scavenger reduction or oxidation to lower efficiencies. When scavenger kinetics are faster than second-order recombination, this characteristic time scales proportionally with scavenger diffusivity and the square of scavenger bulk concentration, and inversely with the square of the electron flux.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Jinyu Yang, Edward Barnat, Seong-kyun Im, David B. Go
Summary: This study investigates the characteristics of the electric field generated by a piezoelectric transformer (PT) operating in open air using the femtosecond electric field-induced second harmonic generation (E-FISH) method. The results reveal the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of the electric field around the PT's output distal end, as well as the phase difference between the PT's input voltage and the measured electric field.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Nazli Turan, Mortaza Saeidi-Javash, Yanliang Zhang, David B. Go
Summary: Plasma jet sintering can accelerate the sintering process of printed nanoparticles at lower temperatures, and there is an exponential relationship between specific energy input and the electrical conductivity of the sintered silver film.
PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Engineering, Chemical
Chang Yan, Craig Waitt, Ibukunoluwa Akintola, Garam Lee, Justin Easa, Russell Clarke, Feiyang Geng, Deanna Poirier, Hope O. Otor, Gerardo Rivera-Castro, David B. Go, Casey P. O'Brien, Jason C. Hicks, William F. Schneider, Hanyu Ma
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Physical
Chang Yan, Craig Waitt, Ibukunoluwa Akintola, Garam Lee, Justin Easa, Russell Clarke, Feiyang Geng, Deanna Poirier, Hope O. Otor, Gerardo Rivera-Castro, David B. Go, Casey P. O'Brien, Jason C. Hicks, William F. Schneider, Hanyu Ma
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pauf Neupane, Ankita Katiyar, David M. Bartels, Ward H. Thompson
Summary: In this study, simulations were conducted to calculate the distribution of vertical detachment energy of the hydrated electron, in order to test the hypothesis that non-Gaussian behavior of hydrated electron structure fluctuations contributes to the failure of Marcus theory. The results suggest that non-Gaussian behavior may be a possible factor, but it is not sufficient to explain the failure of Marcus theory. Therefore, other explanations are needed.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Kyle P. McCarthy, David B. Go, Satyajyoti Senapati, Hsueh-Chia Chang
Summary: Ribonucleoproteins (RNPs), including microRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC), play a crucial role in cancer-related gene regulation. Researchers have developed a microfluidic point-of-care assay for direct quantification of RNP-associated RNAs, which could greatly enhance RNP profiling for liquid biopsy.
Review
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Luis L. Alves, Markus M. Becker, Jan van Dijk, Timo Gans, David B. Go, Katharina Stapelmann, Jonathan Tennyson, Miles M. Turner, Mark J. Kushner
Summary: The field of low-temperature plasmas (LTPs) excels by its intellectual diversity, interdisciplinarity, and range of applications. Communication challenges arise due to diverse reporting practices and expectations. This paper addresses these challenges by discussing standards for measurements, diagnostics, computations, reporting, and plasma sources to improve communication and transparency within the LTP field.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Fernando J. Alamos, Martin Philo, David B. Go, Steven R. Schmid
Summary: A pressing concern in superplastic forming (SPF) is the ability to quantitatively model to effectively design tooling and assess process viability. Current finite element method simulations for SPF generally do not include the evolutionary nature of friction under creep conditions. In this study, a new microcontact model of a rough surface in contact with a rigid flat surface is created to predict asperity flattening under creep behavior. Additionally, a semi-empirical equation is established to predict the real contact area and friction at different SPF conditions.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Himani Sharma, Vivek Yadav, Crislyn D'Souza-Schorey, David B. Go, Satyajyoti Senapati, Hsueh-Chia Chang
Summary: This study introduces a high-throughput and high-yield fractionation technique for extracellular nanocarriers based on their distinct isoelectric points. The technique utilizes a linear pH profile produced by water-splitting at a bipolar membrane and stabilized by flow. The performance of the technique is demonstrated in various biofluids, showing high purity, high yield, and probe-free isolation of nanocarriers.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pauf Neupane, David M. Bartels, Ward H. Thompson
Summary: Using the Kirkwood-Buff approach, the partial molar volume is found to provide valuable insights into the structure of the hydrated electron. It not only indicates the size of the cavity, but also provides information about the solvation structure. This information is important for developing and evaluating models of the hydrated electron.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pauf Neupane, David M. Bartels, Ward H. Thompson
Summary: Mixed quantum-classical molecular dynamics simulations are important tools for studying the hydrated electron. They generally use a one-electron pseudopotential to describe the interactions with water molecules. However, there has been debate about the accuracy of these pseudopotentials in describing the properties of the hydrated electron. In this paper, the authors present an alternative approach where the pseudopotential parameters are optimized to reproduce key experimental properties, resulting in improved predictions of various properties.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bogdan Mateescu, Jennifer C. Jones, Roger P. Alexander, Eric Alsop, Ji Yeong An, Mohammad Asghari, Alex Boomgarden, Laura Bouchareychas, Alfonso Cayota, Hsueh-Chia Chang, Al Charest, Daniel T. Chiu, Robert J. Coffey, Saumya Das, Peter De Hoff, Andrew de Mello, Crislyn D'Souza-Schorey, David Elashoff, Kiarash R. Eliato, Jeffrey L. Franklin, David J. Galas, Mark B. Gerstein, Ionita H. Ghiran, David B. Go, Stephen Gould, Tristan R. Grogan, James N. Higginbotham, Florian Hladik, Tony Jun Huang, Xiaoye Huo, Elizabeth Hutchins, Dennis K. Jeppesen, Tijana Jovanovic-Talisman, Betty Y. S. Kim, Sung Kim, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Yong Kim, Robert R. Kitchen, Vaughan Knouse, Emily L. LaPlante, Carlito B. Lebrilla, L. James Lee, Kathleen M. Lennon, Guoping Li, Feng Li, Tieyi Li, Tao Liu, Zirui Liu, Adam L. Maddox, Kyle McCarthy, Bessie Meechoovet, Nalin Maniya, Yingchao Meng, Aleksandar Milosavljevic, Byoung-Hoon Min, Amber Morey, Martin Ng, John Nolan, Getulio P. De Oliveira Junior, Michael E. Paulaitis, Tuan Anh Phu, Robert L. Raffai, Matthew E. Roth, David A. Routenberg, Joel Rozowsky, Joseph Rufo, Satyajyoti Senapati, Sigal Shachar, Himani Sharma, Anil K. Sood, Stavros Stavrakis, Alessandra Sturchler, Muneesh Tewari, Juan P. Tosar, Alexander K. Tucker-Schwartz, Andrey Turchinovich, Nedyalka Valkov, Kendall Van Keuren-Jensen, Kasey C. Vickers, Lucia Vojtech, Wyatt N. Vreeland, Ceming Wang, Kai Wang, ZeYu Wang, Joshua A. Welsh, Kenneth W. Witwer, David T. W. Wong, Jianping Xia, Ya-Hong Xie, Kaichun Yang, Mikolaj P. Zaborowski, Chenguang Zhang, Qin Zhang, Angela M. Zivkovic, Louise C. Laurent
Summary: The extracellular RNA communication consortium (ERCC) is a NIH-funded program that aims to advance the development of new technologies, resources, and knowledge about exRNAs and their carriers. Through its second phase (ERCC2), the program focuses on addressing important gaps in knowledge and technology, as well as promoting collaboration between ERCC2 members and the scientific community. The ultimate goal is to enhance our understanding of exRNA biology and improve the development of accurate and efficient exRNA-based diagnostic methods.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Aliaksandra Lisouskaya, Uddhav S. Markad, Ian Carmichael, David M. Bartels
Summary: The reactivity of Zn+ transients in high-temperature water radiolysis was studied, revealing that Zn+ species can be oxidized by OH, H2O2, and H. The absorption of monovalent zinc is pH-sensitive, with distinct spectral features observed at different pH values.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vincenzo Cappello, Pingping Sun, Guiyan Zang, Shishir Kumar, Ryan Hackler, Hernan E. Delgado, Amgad Elgowainy, Massimiliano Delferro, Theodore Krause
Summary: Given the low recycling rate of plastic waste in the United States, developing an economically favorable technology to upgrade plastic waste is of great interest. This study modeled a facility that converts 250 metric tons of plastic waste per day and produces a high-quality liquid (HQL) similar to polyalphaolefin (PAO) lubricants. The techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment showed promising results, with a production cost range of $0.6-$1.98 per kg of lubricant and a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions compared to petroleum and PAO lubricants.
