Article
Cell Biology
Yan-Ling Liao, Xiao-Yan Zhou, Mu-Huo Ji, Liang-Cheng Qiu, Xiao-Hui Chen, Can-Sheng Gong, Ying Lin, Yan-Hua Guo, Jian-Jun Yang
Summary: The study revealed that the upregulation of S100A9 in sepsis is associated with cognitive impairments, and inhibiting S100A9 can improve learning and memory impairments in sepsis survivors, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for sepsis-associated encephalopathy.
Article
Immunology
Ruizhuo Chen, Brandy N. Routh, Jillian E. Straetker, Cecily R. Gibson, Aidan S. Weitzner, Kiersten S. Bell, Andrew D. Gaudet, Laura K. Fonken
Summary: The circadian system regulates various physiological processes, and disruption of the circadian clock gene Rev-erb alpha can lead to behavioral changes and neuroinflammation. This study demonstrates that microglia depletion can ameliorate behavioral abnormalities in RKO mice and that male and female RKO mice show different alterations in the neuroimmune system.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sarah Saxena, Veronique Kruys, Joseph Vamecq, Mervyn Maze
Summary: Peripheral surgery-induced aseptic trauma triggers systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation involving microglia, which play a critical role in the response. Researchers are investigating various strategies to prevent adverse reactions caused by microglia during the perioperative period.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Samuel B. R. Harley, Emily F. Willis, Samreen N. Shaikh, Daniel G. Blackmore, Pankaj Sah, Marc J. Ruitenberg, Perry F. Bartlett, Jana Vukovic
Summary: Selective removal of BDNF from microglia increases production of newborn neurons and interferes with self-renewal, reducing overall density. Microglial BDNF is identified as an important factor regulating microglial population dynamics and states, influencing neurogenesis under both homeostatic and pathologic conditions.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Aleksandar Dobric, Simone N. De Luca, Huei Jiunn Seow, Hao Wang, Kurt Brassington, Stanley M. H. Chan, Kevin Mou, Jonathan Erlich, Stella Liong, Stavros Selemidis, Sarah J. Spencer, Steven Bozinovski, Ross Vlahos
Summary: The study found that chronic cigarette smoke exposure can cause neurocognitive dysfunction, including impaired working memory, accompanied by neuroinflammation and neuropathological changes in the brain.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Chao Ma, Jerry B. Hunt, Maj-Linda B. Selenica, Awa Sanneh, Leslie A. Sandusky-Beltran, Mallory Watler, Rana Daas, Andrii Kovalenko, Huimin Liang, Devon Placides, Chuanhai Cao, Xiaoyang Lin, Michael B. Orr, Bei Zhang, John C. Gensel, David J. Feola, Marcia N. Gordon, Dave Morgan, Paula C. Bickford, Daniel C. Lee
Summary: Arginase plays a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease, and its deficiency in myeloid cells may exacerbate amyloid-beta deposition, behavioral impairments, and autophagy. Proper function of Arginase and arginine metabolism in myeloid cells is essential in restricting amyloidosis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
S. Alboni, C. Benatti, C. Colliva, G. Radighieri, J. M. C. Blom, N. Brunello, F. Tascedda
Summary: The study demonstrates that pretreatment with Vortioxetine prevents LPS-induced cognitive memory impairment without affecting acute sickness behavior and anhedonia. Vortioxetine may impact the immune response by affecting the microglia in the hippocampus.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Natasa R. Mijailovic, Katarina Vesic, Dragana Arsenijevic, Maja Milojevic-Rakic, Milica M. Borovcanin
Summary: Cognitive impairment may result from normal aging or various neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Gal-3, a member of the galectin family, has received attention for its role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, but its relationship with cognitive impairment is still unclear. Gal-3 acts as a fine-tuner of microglia morphology and phenotype in modulating inflammatory response. It also has the potential to serve as a biomarker and be targeted therapeutically in neuropsychiatric diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gaylia Jean Harry
Summary: Changes in microglia are commonly associated with neurodegeneration, but it is not clear if they initiate the process. Communication between microglia and neurons helps maintain the cells in a surveillance state, suggesting a partnership role rather than an initiating one in neurodegeneration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Souvarish Sarkar
Summary: Neuroinflammation is a critical pathological feature of neurodegenerative disorders, driven by activated microglia through the production of proinflammatory factors. Ion channels expressed on microglia play important roles in regulating microglial functions, including proliferation, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, antigen recognition and presentation, apoptosis, and inflammation signaling.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christopher E. G. Uff, Karishma Patel, Charming Yeung, Ping K. Yip
Summary: Neuroinflammation is a crucial pathological process in CNS diseases, and microglia play a significant role in this process. Accurately identifying the state of microglia is essential for understanding CNS pathophysiology. Immunostaining using markers like P2Y12 and TMEM119 provides a selective and reliable method to visualize microglia. Other microglia-related markers can also be useful for determining activation state and for neuroimaging studies.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Zhipeng Li, Qingchen Wang, Zhonghong Zhang, Xiao Zhang, Xintong Wu, Li Li, Yi Zhang, Yihua Yu
Summary: Luteolin inhibits neuroinflammation and alleviates depression-like behavior by upregulating A20 and Nrf2.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Isabelle Coales, Stergios Tsartsalis, Nurun Fancy, Maria Weinert, Daniel Clode, David Owen, Paul M. Matthews
Summary: Sex differences in the transcriptome of human myeloid cells may contribute to the sex difference observed in AD prevalence. AD risk genes, gene signatures associated with AD inflammatory response, and genes related to proinflammatory immune response are enriched in microglial cells and peripheral monocytes from female donors. These findings suggest that a myeloid cell phenotype biased towards expression of biological processes relevant to AD may partly explain the increased prevalence of AD in women.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ignazio Antignano, Yingxiao Liu, Nina Offermann, Melania Capasso
Summary: This review discusses the latest research on aging microglia, comparing findings in rodent models and human subjects. Understanding the phenotype of aging microglia is crucial for designing better preventive and therapeutic strategies.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefania Merighi, Manuela Nigro, Alessia Travagli, Stefania Gessi
Summary: Neuroinflammation may be a crucial avenue for treating and preventing Alzheimer's disease, with microglia playing a key role in the disease process but potentially becoming impaired in later stages. It is important to identify new biomarkers to assess microglial activity and develop novel therapies to restore their physiological function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Alana K. Ribarovska, Mark R. Hutchinson, Quentin J. Pittman, Carmine Pariante, Sarah J. Spencer
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luba Sominsky, Tamara Dangel, Sajida Malik, Simone N. De Luca, Nicolas Singewald, Sarah J. Spencer
Summary: Microglia play essential roles not only in immune defense but also in regulating satiety, memory, and pain responses. These functions are significantly influenced by circadian rhythmicity, impacting various physiological processes throughout the day.
Article
Reproductive Biology
Luba Sominsky, Simin Younesi, Simone N. De Luca, Sophie M. Loone, Kylie M. Quinn, Sarah J. Spencer
Summary: The study reveals that ovarian follicles are resilient against short-term disturbances in circulating and ovarian monocytes, making them able to withstand acute changes in immune balance.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Stanley M. H. Chan, Ivan Bernardo, Chanelle Mastronardo, Kevin Mou, Simone N. De Luca, Huei Jiunn Seow, Aleksandar Dobric, Kurt Brassington, Stavros Selemidis, Steven Bozinovski, Ross Vlahos
Summary: The study demonstrated that the potent Nox inhibitor apocynin can mitigate cigarette smoke-induced muscle dysfunction by protecting muscle mass and strength through inhibition of ROS production, providing a new pharmacological strategy for COPD patients.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Simin Younesi, Sarah J. Spencer, Luba Sominsky
Summary: Acute depletion of monocytes does not have sustained effects on ovarian follicle health, but it may exacerbate the impact of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and transiently suppress ovulatory capacity, which is likely to be restored with resolution of the inflammatory environment.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Aleksandar Dobric, Simone N. De Luca, Sarah J. Spencer, Steven Bozinovski, Michael M. Saling, Christine F. McDonald, Ross Vlahos
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major incurable global health burden and a leading cause of death worldwide. Cognitive dysfunction is highly prevalent in COPD and has significant impacts on quality of life and survival. Understanding the mechanisms underlying cognitive dysfunction in COPD could lead to novel therapeutic opportunities.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Fei-Yi Zhao, Qiang-Qiang Fu, Sarah J. Spencer, Gerard A. Kennedy, Russell Conduit, Wen-Jing Zhang, Zhen Zheng
Summary: Acupuncture has shown promising therapeutic effects on comorbid depression and insomnia during perimenopause, ameliorating symptoms and regulating hormone levels with minimal adverse events. However, high-quality trials are needed to further validate its effectiveness, as most studies have methodological flaws. Neuroendocrine modulation is likely a major mechanism mediating these effects.
NATURE AND SCIENCE OF SLEEP
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Gerwyn Morris, Luba Sominsky, Kenneth R. Walder, Michael Berk, Wolfgang Marx, Andre F. Carvalho, Chiara C. Bortolasci, Michael Maes, Basant K. Puri
Summary: This paper investigates the potential origins and mechanisms of endocannabinoid system (ECS) dysfunction in major neuropsychiatric disorders. It explores the effects of inflammation and oxidative stress on ECS and suggests that cannabidiol and dimethyl fumarate may have therapeutic potential for mental illnesses.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Simin Younesi, Alita Soch, Luba Sominsky, Sarah J. Spencer
Summary: In rats, transient ablation of microglia and monocytes at the start of the second week but not the third week postnatally has long-term effects on circulating luteinising hormone levels in adulthood and ovarian health.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sajida Malik, Hao Wang, Soniya Xavier, Mary Slayo, Steve Bozinovski, Luba Sominsky, Sarah J. Spencer
Summary: The study shows that immune response can still occur in the absence of microglia and monocytes, but it is exacerbated and prolonged due to excessive neutrophil response in peripheral organs.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Elisa L. Hill-Yardin, Mark R. Hutchinson, Robin Laycock, Sarah J. Spencer
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
R. A. Ankeny, A. L. Whittaker, M. Ryan, J. Boer, M. Plebanski, J. Tuke, S. J. Spencer
Summary: One advantage of using highly standardised biological models, such as model organisms, is the ability to control multiple variables precisely, making it easier to study the variable of interest. However, this approach often hides effects in sub-populations due to natural population heterogeneity. Efforts to understand these sub-populations are underway, but require fundamental modifications to traditional study designs in BBI research.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Luba Sominsky, Martin O'Hely, Katherine Drummond, Sifan Cao, Fiona Collier, Poshmaal Dhar, Amy Loughman, Samantha Dawson, Mimi LK. Tang, Toby Mansell, Richard Saffery, David Burgner, Anne-Louise Ponsonby, Peter Vuillermin, Barwon Infant Study Investigator Group Barwon Infant Study Investigator Grp
Summary: In this study, the association between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and perinatal depressive symptoms was investigated, as well as the potential mediation of circulating inflammatory markers during pregnancy. The findings suggest that pre-pregnancy obesity increases the risk of antenatal depressive symptoms and is associated with systemic inflammation. However, further research is needed to understand the role of specific inflammatory markers in mediating the effects of pre-pregnancy obesity on antenatal depression.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)