Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Guoxin Huang, Liya Guo, Meiqing Chen, Xufang Wu, Wenhao Tang, Nan Zheng, Shengguo Zhao, Yangdong Zhang, Jiaqi Wang
Summary: The study confirmed that ALA was converted to the isomer t9,c12,c15-C18:3 in the rumen, supporting the hypothesis. The concentration of this isomer in the fermentation fluid changed over time, peaking at 1 hour.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ana Luiza Fontes, Bruna Neves, Tiago Conde, Daniela Couto, Ligia Leao Pimentel, Luis Miguel Rodriguez-Alcala, M. Rosario Domingues, Ana Maria Gomes
Summary: This study investigated potential fatty acid byproducts during microbial enrichment of CLA/CLNA and found that no additional side-fatty acid metabolites were released except for stearic acid in the presence of linoleic acid.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Isabel Cristina Acosta Balcazar, Lorenzo Danilo Granados Rivera, Jaime Salinas Chavira, Benigno Estrada Drouaillet, Miguel Ruiz Albarran, Yuridia Bautista Martinez
Summary: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has protective effects against various diseases and can improve human health. The levels of CLA in milk can be increased through grazing feeding, which provides higher amounts of CLA precursors compared to balanced diets. Agronomic practices, such as nitrogen fertilization and regrowth age, can also increase the content of CLA precursors in pastures. This technique of increasing CLA levels in milk adds nutritional value to the milk.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Abdulmumini B. Amin, Shengyong Mao
Summary: Yeast supplementation can counteract the acidotic effects of high grain diets in the rumen and positively modify the fatty acid composition of animal products. By competing with lactate-producing bacteria and encouraging lactate-utilising bacteria, yeast creates a conducive environment for beneficial biohydrogenation intermediates to be absorbed into milk and meat. Future studies should focus on different yeast strains at various doses and viability levels to further understand their effects on the fatty acid profile of animal products.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lei Zhang, Hong Shen, Jiyou Zhang, Shengyong Mao
Summary: The study investigated the impact of rumen microbiome on milk fat percentage (MFP) in Holstein dairy cows under same nutritional and management conditions. The analysis revealed significant differences in milk trans-10, cis-12 C18:2 content and rumen acetate to propionate ratio between high MFP (HF) and low MFP (LF) groups. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LEfSe analysis identified biomarkers for LF and HF groups. Metagenome sequencing highlighted the presence of linoleic acid isomerase genes and their correlation with MFP. Overall, this study provides insights for improving milking performance in dairy cows.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Sheyla Priscila Oliveira do Nascimento, Ana Paula Ribeiro da Silva, Aline Silva de Sant'ana, Benedito Ribeiro Rodrigues, Cedenir Pereira Quadros, Salete Alves de Moraes, Raquel Guidetti Vendruscolo, Roger Wagner, Wagner Pereira Felix, Evaristo Jorge Oliveira de Souza, Daniel Ribeiro Menezes
Summary: Bioactive fatty acids in goat milk can reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. The inclusion of condensed tannins (CT) can increase the level of bioactive fatty acids in milk while reducing harmful substances.
TROPICAL ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Yongchao Mei, Haiqin Chen, Bo Yang, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Wei Chen
Summary: This article reviews the current knowledge about Bifidobacterium CLA producers, the complex factors regulating CLA production in Bifidobacterium, the role of CLA production in Bifidobacterium, and the potential mechanism underlying Bifidobacterium CLA production. It offers novel insights into the production of food-grade CLA as well as the rational design of health-promoting fermented foods or synbiotics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Matteo Daghio, Carlo Viti, Federica Mannelli, Mariano Pauselli, Antonio Natalello, Giuseppe Luciano, Bernardo Valenti, Arianna Buccioni
Summary: Adding hazelnut skin to the diet can reduce the relative abundance of microorganisms related to C18:1 t10 production in the rumen of animals.
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
L. Vogel, M. Gnott, C. Kroeger-Koch, S. Goers, J. M. Weitzel, E. Kanitz, A. Hoeflich, A. Tuchscherer, A. Troescher, J. J. Gross, R. M. Bruckmaier, A. Starke, L. Bachmann, H. M. Hammon
Summary: The study found that treating cows with CLA can increase the concentration of plasma glucose and insulin, while stimulating the action of the somatotropic axis; whereas treating with EFA can stimulate the increase in eGP, but does not affect the mRNA abundance related to eGP.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
M. Vahvaselka, H. Leskinen, L. Makila, H. Kallio, S. Laakso, B. Yang
Summary: This study demonstrates that Propionibacterium freudenreichii DSM 20270 can simultaneously enrich blackcurrant press residue with health-beneficial conjugated isomers of LA and alpha-LNA. The microbial isomerization technique can be utilized to enrich lipid-containing plant materials with bioactive compounds, enabling valorization of low value plant-based side streams from the food industry into value-added food ingredients.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
A. A. Jack, O. Oghenesuvwe, M. K. Adewumi, A. B. Omojola, M. J. Adegbeye, T. O. Faniyi, A. Z. M. Salem, M. M. M. Y. Elghandour, C. E. Cuevas-Barragan, A. Barbabosa-Pliego, D. E. Ekanem
Summary: The effect of including water-washed neem fruit biomass in diets on rumen microbial population, fermentation, and meat fatty acid profile of fattened rams was studied. The results showed that including 5% of neem fruit biomass in the diet improved microbial growth, reduced ammonia nitrogen and propionate, and increased unsaturated fatty acids.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Nho-Eul Song, Na-Jeong Kim, Young-Hun Kim, Sang-Ho Baik
Summary: The study evaluated the probiotic properties of 10 strains of high CLA-producing lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented seafood. Some of these strains produced significant amounts of CLA and demonstrated potential as probiotics with immune-modulating and antimicrobial activities in both cell and animal models.
Article
Microbiology
Guoxin Huang, Liya Guo, Xiaofeng Chang, Kaizhen Liu, Wenhao Tang, Nan Zheng, Shengguo Zhao, Yangdong Zhang, Jiaqi Wang
Summary: Different forms of flaxseed release ALA by different mechanisms in the rumen, potentially influencing the molar proportions of volatile fatty acids and bacterial composition.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ana Luiza Fontes, Ligia Leao Pimentel, Ana Maria Silva Soares, Maria do Rosario Domingues, Luis Miguel Rodriguez-Alcala, Ana Maria Gomes
Summary: This study investigated the use of vegetable oils as precursor substrates for developing a dairy product enriched in microbial conjugated linoleic (CLA) and conjugated linolenic (CLNA) acids. Various oils were hydrolyzed and tested, with hempseed, flaxseed, and soybean oils showing the best degrees of hydrolysis. The highest yield of microbial CLNA in milk was achieved with hydrolyzed flaxseed oil, while CLA enrichment was not successful.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mengwei Li, Faiz-ul Hassan, Lijuan Peng, Hossam Mahrous Ebeid, Zhenhua Tang, Fang Xie, Kaiping Peng, Chengjian Yang
Summary: The study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of two omega fatty acids on in vitro rumen fermentation, microbial populations, total gas, and methane production. Results showed that linolenic acid at 3% level was most effective in reducing methane production in high roughage diets.
TROPICAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Einar Vargas-Bello-Perez, Massimo Bionaz, Macarena Garrido-Sartore, Nathaly Cancino-Padilla, Maria Sol Morales, Jaime Romero, Heidi Leskinen, Philip C. Garnsworthy, Juan J. Loor
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Einar Vargas-Bello-Perez, Carolina Geldsetzer-Mendoza, Nathaly Cancino-Padilla, Maria Sol Morales, Heidi Leskinen, Philip C. Garnsworthy, Juan J. Loor, Jaime Romero
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
J. de Souza, H. Leskinen, A. L. Lock, K. J. Shingfield, P. Huhtanen
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
M. Vahvaselka, H. Leskinen, L. Makila, H. Kallio, S. Laakso, B. Yang
Summary: This study demonstrates that Propionibacterium freudenreichii DSM 20270 can simultaneously enrich blackcurrant press residue with health-beneficial conjugated isomers of LA and alpha-LNA. The microbial isomerization technique can be utilized to enrich lipid-containing plant materials with bioactive compounds, enabling valorization of low value plant-based side streams from the food industry into value-added food ingredients.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Einar Vargas-Bello-Perez, Nathaly Cancino-Padilla, Carolina Geldsetzer-Mendoza, Maria Sol Morales, Heidi Leskinen, Philip C. Garnsworthy, Juan J. Loor, Jaime Romero
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Eduardo Cardoso-Gutierrez, Alondra Cristel Narvaez-Lopez, Lizbeth E. Robles-Jimenez, Andres Morales Osorio, Maria De Guadalupe Gutierrez-Martinez, Heidi Leskinen, Marcello Mele, Einar Vargas-Bello-Perez, Manuel Gonzalez-Ronquillo
Article
Fisheries
Juha Koskela, Heidi Leskinen, Pirjo Mattila, Susanna Airaksinen, Marketta Rinne, Juha-Matti Pihlava, Anne Pihlanto
Summary: The study examined the effects of camelina seed in feed on rainbow trout performance and muscle nutritional composition. Camelina seed showed potential as a plant-based ingredient for rainbow trout feed, with no significant impact on fish growth and fat content, but a decrease in muscle moisture content and a slight effect on vitamin D-3 absorption.
AQUACULTURE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Babak Darabighane, Ilma Tapio, Laura Ventto, Piia Kairenius, Tomasz Stefanski, Heidi Leskinen, Kevin J. Shingfield, Johanna Vilkki, Ali-Reza Bayat
Summary: The study investigated the effects of starch level and oil mixture supplementation on nutrient intake, digestibility, milk production, rumen fermentation, ruminal CH4 emissions, and microbial diversity in dairy cows. High starch level and oil supplementation increased energy digestibility and decreased dry matter intake. Oil supplementation also led to decreased CH4 emissions with changes in microbial diversity. High starch diets increased total rumen VFA levels but did not significantly impact other fermentation parameters.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. R. Bayat, J. Vilkki, A. Razzaghi, H. Leskinen, H. Kettunen, R. Khurana, T. Brand, S. Ahvenjarvi
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of high-oil rapeseed cake and natural additives on enteric methane emissions in dairy cows. The results showed that replacing rapeseed meal with rapeseed cake reduced CH4 emissions, while the addition of natural additives did not have a significant effect on CH4 emissions.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Heidi Leskinen, Maaria Tringham, Heli Karjalainen, Terhi Iso-Touru, Hanna-Leena Hietaranta-Luoma, Pertti Marnila, Juha-Matti Pihlava, Timo Hurme, Hannu Puolijoki, Kari Akerman, Sari Makinen, Mari Sandell, Kirsi Vahakangas, Raija Tahvonen, Susanna Rokka, Anu Hopia
Summary: The APOE epsilon 4 allele is associated with high cholesterol and increased risk of lifestyle-related diseases. This study found that APOE genotypes are related to lipid metabolism and influenced by lifestyle factors. Compared to the epsilon 3 and epsilon 4 groups, carriers of the epsilon 2 allele had lower cholesterol levels and different fatty acid proportions.
LIFESTYLE GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
P. C. Lindholm-Lehto, J. Koskela, H. Leskinen, J. Vielma, A. Kause
Summary: This study investigated the relationships between off-flavor compounds, lipid contents, and fatty acids in rainbow trout reared in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). The results showed that fish with high lipid contents accumulated high concentrations of off-flavor compounds, but these compounds were negatively correlated with health-promoting fatty acids. Excessive lipid contents may reduce the nutritional value of the fish.
Article
Environmental Sciences
S. Rasi, M. Vainio, L. Blasco, M. Kahala, H. Leskinen, E. Tampio
Summary: This study assessed the quality and potential of food waste from the hospitality sector to produce volatile fatty acids. The results showed that high concentrations of VFAs can be achieved under suitable process conditions. Food waste plays an important role in modulating microbial composition.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. Razzaghi, H. Leskinen, S. Ahvenjarvi, H. Aro, A. R. Bayat
Summary: The study found that using low-forage diets can effectively increase milk yield in cows, and the supplementation of RO further enhances milk production. Additionally, supplementing low-forage diets with RO reduces milk fat concentration and decreases nitrogen loss in urine without affecting energy and nitrogen balances.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
P. Fant, H. Leskinen, M. Ramin, P. Huhtanen
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of replacing barley with oats on milk fatty acid composition in dairy cows. Two experiments were conducted, and the results showed that replacing barley with hulled oats linearly decreased the proportions of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and increased the proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and cis unsaturated fatty acids (CUFA) in milk fat. The study also found that feeding cows oat diets led to lower proportions of SFA and higher proportions of MUFA and CUFA in milk fat compared to feeding them a barley diet. The findings suggest that replacing barley with oats can be a practical strategy to adjust the FA composition of milk according to international dietary guidelines.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Heidi M. Leskinen, Maaria Tringham, Heli Karjalainen, Terhi K. Iso-Touru, Hanna-Leena Hietaranta-Luoma, Pertti J. Marnila, Juha-Matti Pihlava, Timo Hurme, Santeri J. Kankaanpaa, Hannu Puolijoki, Kari Akerman, Laura Tanner, Mari Sandell, Kirsi Vahakangas, Anu Hopia, Raija Tahvonen, L. Susanna Rokka
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the impact of APOE epsilon 4 genotype on lifestyle intervention, finding that lifestyle guidance led to improvements in vegetable consumption, dietary fat quality, and cholesterol levels, with no significant differences observed between epsilon 4 carriers and non-carriers in response to the intervention.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)