Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Molin Li, Weimin Gong, Jie Chen, Yining Zhang, Yufei Ma, Xiaolin Tu
Summary: The aging of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is closely related to aging-related diseases such as osteoporosis. Research on how to improve MSC aging to treat age-related bone loss is currently a focus. This study found that PPP3R1 accelerates the senescence of MSCs, leading to reduced osteogenic differentiation and enhanced adipogenic differentiation in vitro. Mechanistically, PPP3R1 induces changes in membrane potential to promote cellular senescence, activates downstream NFAT/ATF3/p53 signaling. These findings may provide new therapeutic approaches for age-related bone loss.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Michael R. Duggan, Michael Weaver, Kamel Khalili
Summary: Despite the increasing risk of brain cancer in the elderly population, treatment prognosis remains poor due to limited understanding of underlying mechanisms and treatment options. Dysregulation of metabolism and signaling pathways in glial cells during aging may promote tumor progression through interactions with oncogenic processes. Despite limitations, studying aberrant PIK3/AKT/mTOR signaling in glial cells during aging unveils therapeutic opportunities for brain tumor treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Brandon J. Berry, Gavin A. Pharaoh, David J. Marcinek
Summary: The article discusses the importance of in vivo control over metabolism in biomedical research, particularly understanding mitochondrial function in vivo for advancing metabolic therapies related to aging. Understanding the differences between in vitro and in vivo mitochondrial function is a necessary challenge for achieving mitochondrial medicine. The article outlines the significance of invertebrate models in understanding basic mitochondrial biology and its translation to mammals and eventually humans, as well as examples of how in vitro knowledge of mitochondria is applicable to in vivo models and human diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ayse Malci, Xiao Lin, Rodrigo Sandoval, Eckart D. Gundelfinger, Michael Naumann, Constanze Seidenbecher, Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
Summary: The study demonstrates that Np65 coordinates the functions of PMCA and iGluRs to modulate the duration and amplitude of cytosolic Ca2+ transients in dendrites and spines of hippocampal neurons.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Bencurova, Terezia Lysikova, Katarina Leskova Majdova, Peter Kaplan, Peter Racay, Jan Lehotsky, Zuzana Tatarkova
Summary: Heart structure and function deteriorate with aging, making the heart more susceptible to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) damage. Maintaining Ca2+ homeostasis is crucial for cardiac contractility. Aging reduces the abundance and function of Ca2+-handling proteins, but the effect of IR on these proteins does not increase with age.
Article
Plant Sciences
Zhan Li, Jeffrey F. Harper, Chrystle Weigand, Jian Hua
Summary: Calmodulin-regulated Ca2+ pumps play a crucial role in maintaining basal cytosol Ca2+ levels, which are important for biotic and abiotic stress responses in Arabidopsis. The resting cytosol Ca2+ levels have an impact on plant survival under chilling and heat-stress conditions, and the regulation of these levels is critical for plant immune activation and environmental responses. Loss-of-function mutants of the calmodulin-regulated Ca2+ pumps exhibited elevated resting cytosol Ca2+ levels and increased susceptibility to chilling and heat stress, indicating the importance of these pumps in plant stress tolerance.
Article
Cell Biology
Scott J. Koppel, Heather M. Wilkins, Ian W. Weidling, Xiaowan Wang, Blaise W. Menta, Russell H. Swerdlow
Summary: This study demonstrates that β-hydroxybutyrate (β OHB) has differential effects on the metabolism and nutrient sensing pathways of neurons and astrocytes. Exposure to β OHB increases respiration in neurons and astrocytes, but reduces overall metabolic activity and cell cycling rate in neurons. β OHB also activates quiescence-associated pathways in neurons, potentially alleviating bioenergetic stress and limiting cell senescence. This could have beneficial implications for conditions characterized by bioenergetic decline and cell senescence, such as brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
Article
Oncology
Randa Naffa, Rita Padanyi, Attila Ignacz, Zoltan Hegyi, Balint Jezso, Sarolta Toth, Karolina Varga, Laszlo Homolya, Luca Hegedus, Katalin Schlett, Agnes Enyedi
Summary: Our study demonstrates that PMCA4b inhibits migration and metastatic activity of melanoma cells by affecting F-actin rearrangement within the cells and regulating Ca2+ concentration levels at specific plasma membrane locations which play a critical role in maintaining cell polarity and motility.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maoxing Zhang, Yin Wang, Xi Chen, Feiyun Xu, Ming Ding, Wenxiu Ye, Yuya Kawai, Yosuke Toda, Yuki Hayashi, Takamasa Suzuki, Houqing Zeng, Liang Xiao, Xin Xiao, Jin Xu, Shiwei Guo, Feng Yan, Qirong Shen, Guohua Xu, Toshinori Kinoshita, Yiyong Zhu
Summary: The study demonstrates that overexpression of a single gene, OSA1, in rice can enhance nitrogen and carbon utilization efficiency, leading to a significant increase in grain yield.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Mario Barilani, Christopher Lovejoy, Roberta Piras, Andrey Y. Abramov, Lorenza Lazzari, Plamena R. Angelova
Summary: The study found that aging in MSCs is associated with changes in mitochondrial metabolism, including a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, lower NADH levels, and higher mitochondrial DNA content. Despite higher ATP levels in aged cells, increased rates of mitophagy lead to decreased overall mitochondrial mass. Additionally, changes in mitochondrial metabolism in aged MSCs result in the overproduction of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria, which is compensated by higher levels of the endogenous antioxidant glutathione.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ge-Hong Sun-Wada, Yoh Wada
Summary: Vacuolar-type H+-ATPases (V-ATPases) are large multi-subunit complexes involved in acidification of various cellular compartments. This study explores the expression and distribution of subunit isoforms in mouse embryos at E6.5 and reveals the specific accumulation of the a3 isoform in apical vacuoles during early embryogenesis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiao-Qiang Li, Yun-Min Zheng, Jorge Reyes-Garcia, Yong-Xiao Wang
Summary: The study revealed the distinct roles of RyR1 in systemic and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, providing clear genetic evidence for their functional importance in muscle contraction and Ca2+ release.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Songlin Wang, Tata Gopinath, Erik K. Larsen, Daniel K. Weber, Caitlin Walker, Venkateswara Reddy Uddigiri, Kaustubh R. Mote, Sanjaya K. Sahoo, Muthu Periasamy, Gianluigi Veglia
Summary: The specific interactions between SERCA and SLN determine their uncoupling and heat release rate, with carboxyl-terminal residues anchoring SLN to the SR membrane in an inhibitory topology. Even with systematic deletion of the carboxyl terminus, the uncoupling decreases gradually, highlighting the critical role of lipids in defining the active topology of SLN and modulating the heat release rate by the SERCA/SLN complex.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antoni Kowalski, Cristine Betzer, Sigrid Thirup Larsen, Emil Gregersen, Estella A. Newcombe, Montana Caballero Bermejo, Viktor Wisniewski Bendtsen, Jorin Diemer, Christina Ernstsen, Shweta Jain, Alicia Espina Bou, Annette Eva Langkilde, Lene N. Nejsum, Edda Klipp, Robert Edwards, Birthe B. Kragelund, Poul Henning Jensen, Poul Nissen
Summary: This study shows that monomeric alpha-synuclein can activate plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) to promote calcium clearance in neurons. The colocalization of alpha-synuclein and PMCA at neuronal synapses suggests a potential physiological function for alpha-synuclein in regulating calcium expulsion.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eloisa A. Vilas-Boas, Joao Victor Cabral-Costa, Vitor M. Ramos, Camille C. Caldeira da Silva, Alicia J. Kowaltowski
Summary: Calcium ions play a crucial role in regulating intracellular signaling pathways, metabolic control, and mitochondrial function. Mitochondria can buffer excess calcium and impact cytosolic calcium transients. Excessive calcium can be harmful, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death, while moderate calcium can activate mitochondrial enzymes and affect ATP production. This study investigates the quantitative effects of extracellular and intracellular calcium on oxidative phosphorylation in mouse liver mitochondria and intact liver cells. The findings suggest that specific concentrations of calcium activate oxidative phosphorylation, highlighting the Goldilocks effect of calcium on liver mitochondria.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Tomasz Boczek, Qian Yu, Ying Zhu, Kimberly L. Dodge-Kafka, Jeffrey L. Goldberg, Michael S. Kapiloff
Summary: This study demonstrates that a neuronal perinuclear cAMP compartment is locally regulated by activity-dependent Ca2+ influx, providing local control for the enhancement of neurite extension.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomasz Boczek, Marta Sobolczyk, Joanna Mackiewicz, Malwina Lisek, Bozena Ferenc, Feng Guo, Ludmila Zylinska
Summary: Calcium plays crucial roles in mammalian neurons, with its concentration tightly regulated by calcium pumps to prevent detrimental consequences. These pumps not only transport calcium ions but also have tissue-specific functionalities and are regulated by calmodulin.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Waldemar Kryszkowski, Tomasz Boczek
Summary: Schizophrenia, a severe neuropsychiatric disease, is associated with disrupted glutamate neurotransmission, particularly involving ionotropic NMDA receptor hypofunction. Metabotropic glutamate receptors have emerged as crucial for cognitive and psychomotor function, with potential as molecular targets for novel antipsychotics.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Tomasz Boczek, Joanna Mackiewicz, Marta Sobolczyk, Julia Wawrzyniak, Malwina Lisek, Bozena Ferenc, Feng Guo, Ludmila Zylinska
Summary: Schizophrenia is a common psychiatric illness characterized by psychosis episodes, with G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) playing a critical role in its development and treatment. Dysfunctions in neurotransmitter-GPCRs signaling likely underly the complex symptoms of schizophrenia, offering potential for new avenues in drug development.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ruixue Shi, Yu Fu, Dongyi Zhao, Tomasz Boczek, Wuyang Wang, Feng Guo
Summary: TRPM channels, important members of the TRP family, play crucial roles in cell physiology and cell death. Studies have shown their involvement in various cell death modalities, suggesting their potential as therapeutic targets in cell death-related diseases.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomasz Boczek, Ludmila Zylinska
Summary: The activity of specific populations of neurons in different brain areas plays a critical role in decision-making processes related to synaptic transmission, adaptations to external signals, and the maintenance of neural function. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is identified as a vital control system in the central nervous system (CNS), allowing for rapid responses to synaptic processes and inducing long-term changes. Endocannabinoids are bioactive lipid mediators that act primarily through two receptors, CB1R and CB2R, which can regulate downstream Ca2+ signaling.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Malwina Lisek, Tomasz Boczek, Joanna Stragierowicz, Julia Wawrzyniak, Feng Guo, Michal Klimczak, Anna Kilanowicz, Ludmila Zylinska
Summary: PCN67 is considered the most toxic congener among polychlorinated naphthalenes, affecting human health by causing hepatotoxicity and disrupting reproductive, endocrine, and hematological systems. Studies have shown that PCN67 disturbs dopaminergic transmission by reducing dopamine synthesis, affecting the expression of antioxidant enzymes, and altering vesicular monoamine transporter 1 expression.
Article
Cell Biology
Jialu Wang, Xiaoxue Xu, Wanying Jia, Dongyi Zhao, Tomasz Boczek, Qinghua Gao, Qianhui Wang, Yu Fu, Miao He, Ruixue Shi, Xin Tong, Meixuan Li, Yu Tong, Dongyu Min, Wuyang Wang, Feng Guo
Summary: In this study, CaMKII inhibition was found to affect epileptogenesis by influencing CREB protein activity and activating the JNK signaling pathway, leading to learning and memory impairment and neuronal death.
OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Mengmeng Wang, Xiaohong Zhang, Wanying Jia, Congcong Zhang, Tomasz Boczek, Meghan Harding, Yudan Liu, Ming Li, Shiqi Zhang, Shuai Lei, Dongfang Zhang, Feng Guo
Summary: The meta-analysis revealed significantly lower SOD levels in erythrocytes, serum, and plasma in patients with epilepsy compared to healthy controls, indicating potential oxidative damage. However, there was only a trend of decreased GSH-Px levels in erythrocytes of epilepsy patients without significant difference from healthy controls. This is the first meta-analysis examining circulating GSH-Px and SOD levels in patients with epilepsy and healthy controls.
SEIZURE-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPILEPSY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ludmila Zylinska, Malwina Lisek, Feng Guo, Tomasz Boczek
Summary: Vitamin C is important for antioxidant defense and its deficiency in the nervous tissue can lead to disruptions in neurotransmission and brain function. Calcium plays a crucial role in neuronal processes and Vitamin C has a unique role in regulating calcium-involved pathways in the brain.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Malwina Lisek, Oskar Przybyszewski, Ludmila Zylinska, Feng Guo, Tomasz Boczek
Summary: The family of myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) transcription factors plays a crucial role in neuronal development and synaptic plasticity. MEF2s are involved in regulating the growth, pruning, and survival of neurons in the developing brain. They also impact learning and memory formation by controlling the number of synapses in the hippocampus. Dysfunctions in MEF2 activity have been linked to age-dependent neuronal dysfunctions and neurodegenerative diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
