Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY
Volume 113, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.eja.2019.125973
Keywords
Yield gap; Nitrogen use efficiency; sulfur use efficiency; N:S ratio
Categories
Funding
- INTA [PN-Suelo1134021]
- FONCyTPICT [2011-1796]
- Kansas Corn Commission
- Kansas State Research and Extension
- [UNMdPAGR447/14]
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Nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) deficiencies, individually and in combination, produce gaps between actual and potential yields in maize (Zea mays L.). Our objectives were to evaluate the effect of N and S status and their interaction on yield gap, and nutrient use efficiency (yield per unit of nutrient supply) using frameworks of co-limitation and stoichiometry. Factorial trials were established combining two N (unfertilized, N-fertilized) and two S (unfertilized, S-fertilized) treatments in five site-years. Yield ranged from 6.7 to 15.4 Mg ha(-1). In a scale from 0 (no stress) to 1 (maximum stress), N stress varied from 0 to 0.67, and S stress from 0 to 0.66. Yield gap varied from 0 to 10 Mg ha(-1), diminished as both N and S stresses reduced, and with higher N-S co-limitation. Both N and S use efficiencies increased with reductions in nutrient stresses and with increases in some of the N-S co-limitation indices. Co-limitation between N and S was maximized with N:S ratio similar to 9.6 in shoot biomass and similar to 11.2 in grain, indicating the balanced nutrient ratio in each plant organ at maturity. Both co-limitation and stoichiometry frameworks captured the interacting N and S effects on yield and nutrient use efficiency.
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