Journal
CHEMSUSCHEM
Volume 13, Issue 9, Pages 2394-2401Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903511
Keywords
energy storage; microfluidics; organic batteries; quinones; redox flow batteries
Funding
- Science for Solving Society's Problems Challenge by the Electrochemical Society
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
- CONACyT
- ERC Consolidator Grant [SUPERCELLGA.648518]
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
- Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI)
- British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund (BCKDF)
- Canada Research Chairs program
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A portable paper-based organic redox flow primary battery using sustainable quinone chemistry is presented. The compact prototype relies on the capillary forces of the paper matrix to develop a quasi-steady flow of the reactants through a pair of porous carbon electrodes without the need of external pumps. Co-laminar capillary flow allows operation Under mixed-media conditions, in which an alkaline anolyte and an acidic catholyte are employed. This feature enables higher electrochemical cell voltages during discharge operation and the utilization of a wider range of available species and electrolytes and provides the advantage to form a neutral or near-neutral pH as the electrolytes neutralize at the absorbent pad, which allows a safe disposal after use. The effects of the device design parameters have been studied to enhance battery features such as power output, operational time, and fuel utilization. The device achieves a faradaic efficiency of up to 98 %, which is the highest reported in a capillary-based electrochemical power source, as well as a cell capacity of up to 11.4 Ah L-1 cm(-2), comparable to state-of-the-art large-scale redox flow cells.
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