4D Printing at the Microscale

Controlling the shape of 3D microstructures by temperature and light

(2019) Marc Hippler et al.   Nature Communications

Polymers for additive manufacturing and 4D-printing: Materials, methodologies, and biomedical applications

(2019) Carmen M. González-Henríquez et al.   PROGRESS IN POLYMER SCIENCE

3D-Printed Biodegradable Microswimmer for Theranostic Cargo Delivery and Release

(2019) Hakan Ceylan et al.   ACS Nano

Multichannel remote polarization control enabled by nanostructured liquid crystalline networks

(2019) Simone Zanotto et al.   APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS

Bioactive site-specifically modified proteins for 4D patterning of gel biomaterials

(2019) Jared A. Shadish et al.   NATURE MATERIALS

Grayscale digital light processing 3D printing for highly functionally graded materials

(2019) Xiao Kuang et al.   Science Advances

Functional Materials for Two‐Photon Polymerization in Microfabrication

(2019) Marco Carlotti et al.   Small

Light to Shape the Future: From Photolithography to 4D Printing

(2019) Jesús del Barrio et al.   Advanced Optical Materials

Surface-Chemistry-Mediated Control of Individual Magnetic Helical Microswimmers in a Swarm

(2018) Xiaopu Wang et al.   ACS Nano

3D Printing of Liquid Crystal Elastomeric Actuators with Spatially Programed Nematic Order

(2018) Arda Kotikian et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Humidity-responsive actuation of programmable hydrogel microstructures based on 3D printing

(2018) Chao Lv et al.   SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL

A Capsule-Type Microrobot with Pick-and-Drop Motion for Targeted Drug and Cell Delivery

(2018) Seungmin Lee et al.   Advanced Healthcare Materials

Structured Optical Materials Controlled by Light

(2018) Sara Nocentini et al.   Advanced Optical Materials

Three-Dimensional Photonic Circuits in Rigid and Soft Polymers Tunable by Light

(2018) Sara Nocentini et al.   ACS Photonics

Programming a crystalline shape memory polymer network with thermo- and photo-reversible bonds toward a single-component soft robot

(2018) Binjie Jin et al.   Science Advances

Light-Triggered Drug Release from 3D-Printed Magnetic Chitosan Microswimmers

(2018) Ugur Bozuyuk et al.   ACS Nano

3D Printed Enzymatically Biodegradable Soft Helical Microswimmers

(2018) Xiaopu Wang et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

Fabrication of soft, stimulus-responsive structures with sub-micron resolution via two-photon polymerization of poly(ionic liquid)s

(2018) Alexandru Tudor et al.   Materials Today

Additive Manufacturing: Applications and Directions in Photonics and Optoelectronics

(2018) Andrea Camposeo et al.   Advanced Optical Materials

Novel ink for ambient condition printing of liquid crystal elastomers for 4D printing

(2018) Devin J Roach et al.   Smart Materials and Structures

4D Printed Actuators with Soft-Robotic Functions

(2017) María López-Valdeolivas et al.   MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS

Stimuli-responsive polymers and their applications

(2017) Menglian Wei et al.   Polymer Chemistry

Three-dimensional mechanical metamaterials with a twist

(2017) Tobias Frenzel et al.   SCIENCE

Light controlled 3D micromotors powered by bacteria

(2017) Gaszton Vizsnyiczai et al.   Nature Communications

Generation of 3-dimensional polymer structures in liquid crystalline devices using direct laser writing

(2017) C. C. Tartan et al.   RSC Advances

Light activated non-reciprocal motion in liquid crystalline networks by designed microactuator architecture

(2017) D. Martella et al.   RSC Advances

A review of 4D printing

(2017) Farhang Momeni et al.   MATERIALS & DESIGN

Micro-Structured Two-Component 3D Metamaterials with Negative Thermal-Expansion Coefficient from Positive Constituents

(2017) Jingyuan Qu et al.   Scientific Reports

4D Printing of Reversible Shape Morphing Hydrogel Structures

(2016) Sina Naficy et al.   MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING

Fabrication and Manipulation of Ciliary Microrobots with Non-reciprocal Magnetic Actuation

(2016) Sangwon Kim et al.   Scientific Reports

The design of reversible hydrogels to capture extracellular matrix dynamics

(2016) Adrianne M. Rosales et al.   Nature Reviews Materials

Magnetic Helical Microswimmers Functionalized with Lipoplexes for Targeted Gene Delivery

(2015) Famin Qiu et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

Light-Fueled Microscopic Walkers

(2015) Hao Zeng et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

3D Printed Microtransporters: Compound Micromachines for Spatiotemporally Controlled Delivery of Therapeutic Agents

(2015) Tian-Yun Huang et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Controlled In Vivo Swimming of a Swarm of Bacteria-Like Microrobotic Flagella

(2015) Ania Servant et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Degradable Magnetic Composites for Minimally Invasive Interventions: Device Fabrication, Targeted Drug Delivery, and Cytotoxicity Tests

(2015) Christian Peters et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

3D Printing of Shape Memory Polymers for Flexible Electronic Devices

(2015) Matt Zarek et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Alignment engineering in liquid crystalline elastomers: Free-form microstructures with multiple functionalities

(2015) Hao Zeng et al.   APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS

Biomedical applications of hydrogels: A review of patents and commercial products

(2015) Enrica Caló et al.   EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL

Stimulus-responsive hydrogels: Theory, modern advances, and applications

(2015) Michael C. Koetting et al.   MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING R-REPORTS

Cellular Cargo Delivery: Toward Assisted Fertilization by Sperm-Carrying Micromotors

(2015) Mariana Medina-Sánchez et al.   NANO LETTERS

Programmable and adaptive mechanics with liquid crystal polymer networks and elastomers

(2015) Timothy J. White et al.   NATURE MATERIALS

Optically controlled elastic microcavities

(2015) Assegid Mengistu Flatae et al.   Light-Science & Applications

Superparamagnetic Twist-Type Actuators with Shape-Independent Magnetic Properties and Surface Functionalization for Advanced Biomedical Applications

(2014) Christian Peters et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

High-Resolution 3D Direct Laser Writing for Liquid-Crystalline Elastomer Microstructures

(2014) Hao Zeng et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Behavior of rotating magnetic microrobots above the step-out frequency with application to control of multi-microrobot systems

(2014) Arthur W. Mahoney et al.   APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS

Artificial bacterial flagella functionalized with temperature-sensitive liposomes for controlled release

(2014) Famin Qiu et al.   SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL

Shape-Shifting 3D Protein Microstructures with Programmable Directionality via Quantitative Nanoscale Stiffness Modulation

(2014) Mian Rong Lee et al.   Small

Artificial Bacterial Flagella for Remote-Controlled Targeted Single-Cell Drug Delivery

(2014) Rami Mhanna et al.   Small

Cooperative manipulation and transport of microobjects using multiple helical microcarriers

(2014) Tian-Yun Huang et al.   RSC Advances

Stimuli-Responsive Chemomechanical Actuation: A Hybrid Materials Approach

(2013) Lauren D. Zarzar et al.   ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH

Biomimetic Hydrogel-Based Actuating Systems

(2013) Leonid Ionov   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

Fabrication and Characterization of Magnetic Microrobots for Three-Dimensional Cell Culture and Targeted Transportation

(2013) Sangwon Kim et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Superparamagnetic microrobots: fabrication by two-photon polymerization and biocompatibility

(2013) Marcel Suter et al.   BIOMEDICAL MICRODEVICES

Artificial helical microswimmers with mastigoneme-inspired appendages

(2013) Soichiro Tottori et al.   Biomicrofluidics

Design and additive manufacture for flow chemistry

(2013) Andrew J. Capel et al.   LAB ON A CHIP

Assembly, Disassembly, and Anomalous Propulsion of Microscopic Helices

(2013) Soichiro Tottori et al.   NANO LETTERS

Initiation efficiency and cytotoxicity of novel water-soluble two-photon photoinitiators for direct 3D microfabrication of hydrogels

(2013) Zhiquan Li et al.   RSC Advances

Noncytotoxic artificial bacterial flagella fabricated from biocompatible ORMOCOMP and iron coating

(2013) Famin Qiu et al.   Journal of Materials Chemistry B

Magnetic Helical Micromachines: Fabrication, Controlled Swimming, and Cargo Transport

(2012) Soichiro Tottori et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Laser additive manufacturing of metallic components: materials, processes and mechanisms

(2012) D D Gu et al.   INTERNATIONAL MATERIALS REVIEWS

Designing Cell-Compatible Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications

(2012) D. Seliktar   SCIENCE

Direct Writing and Actuation of Three-Dimensionally Patterned Hydrogel Pads on Micropillar Supports

(2011) Lauren D. Zarzar et al.   ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION

Additive manufacturing of tissues and organs

(2011) Ferry P.W. Melchels et al.   PROGRESS IN POLYMER SCIENCE

Asymmetric microstructure of hydrogel: two-photon microfabrication and stimuli-responsive behavior

(2011) Zhong Xiong et al.   Soft Matter

Laser direct writing of micro- and nano-scale medical devices

(2010) Shaun D Gittard et al.   Expert Review of Medical Devices

Emerging applications of stimuli-responsive polymer materials

(2010) Martien A. Cohen Stuart et al.   NATURE MATERIALS

Temperature tunable optical gratings in nematic elastomer

(2009) Emel Sungur et al.   APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING

Fast solvent-driven micropump fabricated by two-photon microfabrication

(2008) Zhong Xiong et al.   APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING

Multiphoton fabrication of chemically responsive protein hydrogels for microactuation

(2008) Bryan Kaehr et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA