Article
Immunology
Bing Yang, Mingyao Zhou, Yunzi Wu, Yuanyuan Ma, Qin Tan, Wei Yuan, Jie Ma
Summary: This study utilized immune cell analysis to identify two immune cells related to the prognosis of PDAC patients and constructed a Cox model to evaluate patient risk and prognosis. Through analysis of PDAC datasets, it was found that the risk score could identify molecular subtypes with poor prognosis, and these findings were validated in public datasets and clinical patient samples.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Ou Li, Li Li, Yunru Sheng, Kun Ke, Jianzhang Wu, Yiping Mou, Mingyang Liu, Weiwei Jin
Summary: This review provides an overview of the regulatory mechanisms involved in the initiation, development, and metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). It discusses single-gene mutations, epigenetic changes, large chromosome alterations, and signaling pathway variations associated with PDAC. The review also emphasizes the importance of understanding the alterations in the microenvironment of PDAC and their impact on tumor progression.
Review
Oncology
Jingchang Zhang, Renfeng Li, Shuai Huang
Summary: Pancreatic cancer has a high mortality rate due to the lack of early prognostic and diagnostic markers, and the interaction between pancreatic cancer cells, cancer stem cells, and the tumor microenvironment leads to chemoresistance. Precision treatment and targeted drugs are crucial for pancreatic cancer patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yangyang Guo, Zhixuan Wu, Kenan Cen, Yongheng Bai, Ying Dai, Yifeng Mai, Kai Hong, Liangchen Qu
Summary: Consensus clustering and LASSO regression analysis were used to identify the prognostic impact of ubiquitination-related genes (URGs) in PDAC patients. A URGs signature consisting of three genes was developed, and it was highly correlated with patients' prognoses. By combining the URGs signature with clinicopathological characteristics, a predictive nomogram was established. The URGs signature outperformed individual predictors, and also showed differences in immune microenvironment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Xiaoyang Lan, Gabrielle Robin, Jessica Kasnik, Grace Wong, Omar Abdel-Rahman
Summary: Pancreatic ductal carcinomas (PDACs) are difficult to diagnose early and have a poor prognosis. Many PDAC patients suffer from nutritional deficiencies related to their cancer. Pancreatic enzyme insufficiency (PEI) is a common cause of malnutrition in PDAC. This paper reviews past studies on malnutrition in PDAC, focusing on PEI and its treatment, and highlights knowledge gaps among healthcare professionals regarding PEI.
Review
Oncology
Nicole Lintern, Andrew M. Smith, David G. Jayne, Yazan S. Khaled
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is highly lethal with low survival rate. The resistance to current therapies is largely attributed to the dense tissue surrounding the cancer cells. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown potential in killing pancreatic cancer cells and altering the surrounding tissue.
Article
Biology
Wayne Croft, Hayden Pearce, Sandra Margielewska-Davies, Lindsay Lim, Samantha M. Nicol, Fouzia Zayou, Daniel Blakeway, Francesca Marcon, Sarah Powell-Brett, Brinder Mahon, Reena Merard, Jianmin Zuo, Gary Middleton, Keith Roberts, Rachel M. Brown, Paul Moss
Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma has poor clinical outcome and limited response to immunotherapy. Stromal fibroblasts play a dominant role in the tumor microenvironment and exhibit high transcriptional heterogeneity influenced by tumor proximity. Targeting tumor-proximal fibroblast subsets, along with HIF-1 alpha inhibition and immune stimulation, may offer a multimodal therapeutic approach for this disease.
Review
Oncology
Ronnie Ren Jie Low, Wei Wen Lim, Paul M. Nguyen, Belinda Lee, Michael Christie, Antony W. Burgess, Peter Gibbs, Sean M. Grimmond, Frederic Hollande, Tracy L. Putoczki
Summary: PDO biobanks derived from PDAC patients have provided opportunities for developing new therapies and advancing our understanding of PDAC biology. Developing coculturing techniques for specific immune or stromal cell populations will help improve our understanding of the tumor microenvironment and its impact on treatment response.
Article
Oncology
Xing Huang, Feng Zhao, Quan Wu, Zitong Wang, Haiyue Ren, Qiqi Zhang, Zhe Wang, Jin Xu
Summary: For patients with pancreatic cancer, KIF2C is abnormally expressed and affects the prognosis. KIF2C promotes the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. The overexpression of KIF2C has potential therapeutic implications for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
Review
Cell Biology
Zining Zhang, Heng Zhang, Xiang Liao, Hsiang-i Tsai
Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a common and aggressive type of pancreatic cancer with a poor survival rate. The highest mutation frequency in PDAC is observed in the KRAS gene, which plays a critical role in promoting cancer cell growth, resistance to therapy, and poor prognosis. This review focuses on the patterns of KRAS mutations in PDAC and highlights its role in signal transduction, metabolic reprogramming, therapy resistance, and prognosis, aiming to provide potential KRAS-targeted therapies for PDAC.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Richard Drexler, Mirco Kuchler, Kim C. Wagner, Tim Reese, Bernd Feyerabend, Moritz Kleine, Karl J. Oldhafer
Summary: The Hippo pathway is more active in non-metastasized patients compared to metastasized patients, with upregulation of certain components in the latter group. High pYAP expression is associated with favorable overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Verena Damiani, Maria Concetta Cufaro, Maurine Fucito, Beatrice Dufrusine, Claudia Rossi, Piero Del Boccio, Luca Federici, Maria Caterina Turco, Michele Sallese, Damiana Pieragostino, Vincenzo De Laurenzi
Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. This study investigated the crosstalk between PDAC cells and associated fibroblasts. Proteomic analysis was used to identify proteins released from PDAC cells and detect proteostatic changes in normal fibroblasts treated with PDAC conditioned medium. The results suggest that the activation of migration, vasculogenesis, cellular homeostasis, metabolism of amino acids, and reduced apoptosis may be regulated by ITGB3 and TGFB1/2 followed by SMAD3, STAT3, and BAG3 activation.
Article
Immunology
Hao Yuan, Jinhui Liu, Li Zhao, Pengfei Wu, Guosheng Chen, Qun Chen, Peng Shen, Taoyue Yang, Shaoqing Fan, Bin Xiao, Kuirong Jiang
Summary: Through analysis of clinical information and genetic transcriptome data of PDAC patients, a m5C-related lncRNA prognostic risk model was established and its relationship with PDAC immune microenvironment was studied. The risk model showed predictive ability and could potentially serve as a therapeutic target for PDAC patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siyuan Chen, Bo Ning, Jinwen Song, Zihan Yang, Li Zhou, Zhiji Chen, Linhong Mao, Hongtao Liu, Qingliang Wang, Song He, Zhihang Zhou
Summary: Acidic microenvironment promotes proliferation and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells by inhibiting AMPK/Hippo signaling and upregulating MMP1 expression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Min Ren, Liaoliao Feng, Rongrong Zong, Huiru Sun
Summary: This study aims to establish a hypoxia-related risk scoring model that can effectively predict the prognosis and chemotherapy outcomes of patients diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Chun Wai Mui, Wai Nok Chan, Bonan Chen, Alvin Ho-Kwan Cheung, Jun Yu, Kwok Wai Lo, Huixing Ke, Wei Kang, Ka Fai To
Summary: This review summarizes the dysregulation of the Hippo-YAP1 pathway in lung carcinoma and discusses therapeutic strategies, while also providing research directions for future investigation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Letter
Surgery
Sami Shoucair, Jun Yu
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yi Bao, Jianning Zhai, Huarong Chen, Chi Chun Wong, Cong Liang, Yanqiang Ding, Dan Huang, Hongyan Gou, Danyu Chen, Yasi Pan, Wei Kang, Ka Fai To, Jun Yu
Summary: YTHDF1 plays a crucial role in the tumour immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer by regulating the m(6)A-p65-CXCL1/CXCR2 pathway, affecting anti-tumour immune response, and serving as a potential target for immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Minako Nagai, Michael J. Wright, Ding Ding, Elizabeth D. Thompson, Ammar A. Javed, Matthew J. Weiss, Ralph H. Hruban, Jun Yu, Richard A. Burkhart, Jin He, John L. Cameron, Christopher L. Wolfgang, William R. Burns
Summary: Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and liver metastasis usually undergo palliative chemotherapy, while those with metastatic colorectal cancer are often considered for aggressive surgery. This study found that in select patients, curative-intent surgery for isolated liver metastasis in PDAC can result in meaningful survival, especially in those who received induction chemotherapy.
JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Huan Yan, Jing-Ling Zhang, Kam-Tong Leung, Kwok-Wai Lo, Jun Yu, Ka-Fai To, Wei Kang
Summary: Gastric cancer is a highly life-threatening malignancy, particularly in Asian countries. Aberrant activation of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and G proteins promotes the progression of gastric cancer. These activated GPCRs/G proteins can potentially serve as valuable biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognostic prediction, as well as therapeutic targets. This review summarizes the recent research progress of GPCRs and highlights their mechanisms in tumorigenesis, specifically in gastric cancer initiation and progression.
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rashid N. Lui, Sunny H. Wong, Nik Sheng Ding, Masau Sekiguchi, Jun Yu, Tiing-Leong Ang, Khay-Guan Yeoh, Han-Mo Chiu, Joseph J. Y. Sung
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yinnan Chen, Quanpeng Qiu, Junjun She, Jun Yu
Summary: Extrachromosomal circular DNA (ecDNA) is highly prevalent in various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC), and plays a critical role in regulating oncogene expression and resistance to therapy. Understanding the mechanisms and features of ecDNA in CRC provides insights into its pathogenesis and potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications. This review discusses the biogenesis, distinct features, and functional roles of ecDNA in CRC, including its involvement in oncogene overexpression, gene regulation, and topological interactions with active chromatin.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xin-yue Zhang, Ze-xian Liu, Yi-fan Zhang, Li-xia Xu, Meng-ke Chen, Yu-feng Zhou, Jun Yu, Xiao-xing Li, Ning Zhang
Summary: Crotonylation plays a role in regulating HCC metastasis and invasion. Crotonylated SEPT2-K74-P85 alpha-AKT pathway facilitates cell invasion. High SEPT2-K74 crotonylation predicts poor prognosis and high recurrence rate in HCC patients.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yali Liu, Harry Cheuk-Hay Lau, Jun Yu
Summary: Trillions of microbes in the human gastrointestinal tract form an ecological community known as the gut microbiota, which plays a crucial role in dietary digestion and produces various metabolites. However, these microbial metabolites have been found to be correlated with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and can also impact the efficacy of cancer treatments. This review discusses the role of metabolites derived from microbes-mediated metabolism of dietary components and their influence on CRC development, as well as their impacts on chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Targeting metabolites may be a promising therapeutic approach for improving patient outcome in CRC.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Heng-Chung Kung, Jun Yu
Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive and lethal malignancy with poor prognosis, mainly due to lack of early detection, complex signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms, dense and desmoplastic stroma, and immunosuppressive microenvironment. The neoadjuvant approach for PDAC treatment has shown promising benefits compared to upfront surgery, but certain aspects such as optimal regimen, use of radiotherapy, and patient selection still need further investigation.
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chi chun Wong, Jun Yu
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Xing Kang, Changan Liu, Yanqiang Ding, Yunbi Ni, Fenfen Ji, Harry Cheuk Hay Lau, Lanping Jiang, Joseph J. Y. Sung, Sunny H. Wong, Jun Yu
Summary: This study found that the probiotic species R. intestinalis has a protective effect against colorectal tumourigenesis by producing butyrate, and it can also enhance the efficacy of anti-PD-1 treatment. These findings provide evidence for the potential use of R. intestinalis as an adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanqiang Ding, Liuyang Zhao, Guoping Wang, Yu Shi, Gang Guo, Changan Liu, Zigui Chen, Olabisi Oluwabukola Coker, Junjun She, Jun Yu
Summary: This study used PacBio sequencing to reveal the DNA methylation landscape of gut phages. The research found that methylation plays an important role in the taxonomy and interaction with hosts of phages, and also discovered the presence of restriction-modification systems in some phage genomes, which aid in evading clearance by the host.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Wing Sum Shin, Fuda Xie, Bonan Chen, Jun Yu, Kwok Wai Lo, Gary M. K. Tse, Ka Fai To, Wei Kang
Summary: Microbial influences, including viral and fungal infections, may contribute to gastric cancer development. Established players such as H. pylori and EBV, as well as gut bacteria like Lactobacillus and Streptococcus, and viruses like hepatitis B and C, and fungi like Candida albicans, have been shown to have potential impacts on gastric cancer. Advanced sequencing technologies provide insights into the complexities of the gastric microbiome and offer potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications for gastric cancer.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yang Lyu, Fuda Xie, Bonan Chen, Wing Sum Shin, Wei Chen, Yulong He, Kam Tong Leung, Gary M. K. Tse, Jun Yu, Ka Fai To, Wei Kang
Summary: This review focuses on the complex interaction between the nervous system and gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, exploring the mechanisms of GI cancer development. It discusses the intricate relationship between the nervous system and GI tract development and tumor progression, as well as the feedback regulation of tumor cells on the nervous system. The review also highlights the influence of various components within the tumor microenvironment on GI cancer occurrence and progression. Furthermore, it emphasizes the transformation relationship between non-neuronal cells and neuronal cells, inspiring the development of nervous system-guided anti-tumor drugs.