Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jianru Qin, Jilei Lin, Xiangfei Zhang, Shuhua Yuan, Chiyu Zhang, Yong Yin
Summary: The study found that oseltamivir treatment did not significantly shorten the duration of fever or alleviate influenza-like symptoms in children with influenza infection.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
James W. Antoon, Matt Hall, James A. Feinstein, Kathryn E. Kyler, Samir S. Shah, Sonya Tang Girdwood, Jennifer L. Goldman, Carlos G. Grijalva, Derek J. Williams
Summary: This study investigated the concordance of antiviral treatment in children at high risk for influenza complications and found that 42% did not receive guideline-concordant antiviral treatment. Further research is needed to identify barriers to appropriate antiviral use in this vulnerable population.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Masatoki Sato, Emi Takashita, Masahiko Katayose, Kenji Nemoto, Nobuko Sakai, Seiichiro Fujisaki, Koichi Hashimoto, Mitsuaki Hosoya
Summary: This study aimed to assess the clinical and virologic impacts of influenza and other respiratory virus co-infection in children. The results showed that respiratory viruses other than influenza were detected in 35.6% of children before antiviral treatment. Co-infection with these respiratory viruses had no significant impact on the disease course either clinically or virologically. Therefore, when multiple respiratory viruses are detected, it is important to evaluate clinical symptoms and virus levels to determine the relevant virus.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hassan Zaraket, Aeron C. Hurt, Barry Clinch, Ian Barr, Nelson Lee
Summary: Influenza B viruses cause significant morbidity and mortality, especially in children. There is uncertainty surrounding the clinical efficacy of neuraminidase inhibitors for treating influenza B. Focus on children and high-risk patients is crucial for managing influenza B effectively.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ines Rombach, Kay Wang, Sharon Tonner, Jenna Grabey, Anthony Harnden, Jane Wolstenholme
Summary: The study did not find evidence that early co-amoxiclav treatment improves quality of life or reduces healthcare use and costs in 'at-risk' children with ILI, but may reduce symptom severity. Further research confirmation is needed.
Article
Pediatrics
Kayur Mehta, Shaun K. Morris, Julie A. Bettinger, Wendy Vaudry, Taj Jadavji, Scott A. Halperin, Christina Bancej, Manish Sadarangani, Nandini Dendukuri, Jesse Papenburg
Summary: In Canadian pediatric hospitals, the use of influenza antiviral agents is insufficient, including among children with high-risk chronic conditions. Prescribing varies widely across hospitals, increases over time, and is associated with patient and hospital-level characteristics.
Review
Immunology
Yu-Chi Kuo, Chih-Cheng Lai, Ya-Hui Wang, Chao-Hsien Chen, Cheng-Yi Wang
Summary: Baloxavir is superior to placebo in both clinical outcome and virological response; Compared to oseltamivir, baloxavir shows better virological response; Baloxavir appears to be a relatively safe anti-influenza agent when compared with oseltamivir and placebo.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Masatoki Sato, Emi Takashita, Masahiko Katayose, Kenji Nemoto, Nobuko Sakai, Seiichiro Fujisaki, Koichi Hashimoto, Mitsuaki Hosoya
Summary: This study aimed to detect influenza variants with reduced susceptibility to baloxavir marboxil and oseltamivir, and to determine differences in clinical course in children with and without these variants post-antiviral treatment. The results showed that while the emergence of baloxavir-resistant variants may affect the clinical course of patients, oseltamivir-resistant variants had no clinical impact.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Renee W. Y. Chan, Kin P. Tao, Jiqing Ye, Kevin K. Y. Lui, Xiao Yang, Cong Ma, Paul K. S. Chan
Summary: Influenza virus is a major public health challenge characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Oseltamivir is commonly used as an antiviral, but resistant strains have been detected. This study designed and synthesized two new compounds that showed significant antiviral activity against both seasonal and oseltamivir-resistant strains. These compounds have the potential to be an important addition to the arsenal of antiviral drugs.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nai-fan Duan, Bin Liu, Xiao-na Li, Yi-bai Xiong, Yan Zhang, Chi Zhang, Li LI, Cheng Lu, Jueni Lyu
Summary: The meta-analysis showed that Chinese patent medicines combined with oseltamivir can reduce the duration of symptoms, shorten the time of viral shedding, and decrease the incidence of adverse drug reactions in children with influenza, compared to oseltamivir alone. However, caution should be exercised in interpreting these results due to significant heterogeneity and publication bias in the research data. Rigorous randomized controlled trials are needed to further confirm the efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicines in treating children with influenza.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Alvin X. Han, Zandra C. Felix Garza, Matthijs R. A. Welkers, Rene M. Vigeveno, Nhu Duong Tran, Thi Quynh Mai Le, Thai Pham Quang, Dinh Thoang Dang, Thi Ngoc Anh Tran, Manh Tuan Ha, Thanh Hung Nguyen, Quoc Thinh Le, Thanh Hai Le, Thi Bich Ngoc Hoang, Kulkanya Chokephaibulkit, Pilaipan Puthavathana, Van Vinh Chau Nguyen, My Ngoc Nghiem, Van Kinh Nguyen, Tuyet Trinh Dao, Tinh Hien Tran, Heiman F. L. Wertheim, Peter W. Horby, Annette Fox, H. Rogier van Doorn, Dirk Eggink, Menno D. de Jong, Colin A. Russell
Summary: The evolution of influenza viruses is primarily influenced by within-host processes, with long-term infections in young children allowing for the maintenance of virus diversity through mutation-selection balance, creating potentially important opportunities for within-host virus evolution.
Review
Immunology
Frederick G. Hayden, Jason Asher, Benjamin J. Cowling, Aeron C. Hurt, Hideyuki Ikematsu, Klaus Kuhlbusch, Annabelle Lemenuel-Diot, Zhanwei Du, Lauren Ancel Meyers, Pedro A. Piedra, Takahiro Takazono, Hui-Ling Yen, Arnold S. Monto
Summary: Studies indicate that prompt antiviral treatment can reduce the risk of influenza virus transmission to contacts, especially in household settings. However, reported effects vary widely across studies. Additionally, all approved classes of influenza antivirals carry a potential risk of transmitting drug-resistant variants.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
Eliska Furlong, Rishi S. Kotecha
Summary: Influenza infection is a major contributor to global morbidity and mortality, particularly for children with cancer who have weakened immune systems. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, there is still hesitancy among patients and oncologists regarding the optimal timing and method of vaccination. This review discusses the evidence and strategies to optimize influenza vaccination in children with cancer.
LANCET CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Abhishek Deshpande, Michael Klompas, Pei -Chun Yu, Peter B. Imrey, Andrea M. Pallotta, Thomas Higgins, Sarah Haessler, Marya D. Zilberberg, Peter K. Lindenauer, Michael B. Rothberg
Summary: This study investigates the frequency and timing of influenza testing and its associations with treatment and outcomes in adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The results show that a significant proportion of CAP patients are not tested for influenza, even during flu season. However, for patients testing positive, they receive antiviral treatment more often and early treatment is associated with lower mortality and shorter hospital stays.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lubna Hamdan, Varvara Probst, Zaid Haddadin, Herdi Rahman, Andrew J. Spieker, Simon Vandekar, Laura S. Stewart, John Williams, Julie A. Boom, Flor Munoz, Janet A. Englund, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Mary A. Staat, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Parvin H. Azimi, Eileen J. Klein, Monica McNeal, Leila C. Sahni, Monica N. Singer, Peter G. Szilagyi, Christopher J. Harrison, Manish Patel, Angela P. Campbell, Natasha B. Halasa
Summary: Approximately half of children hospitalized with influenza during the 2015-2016 season received antiviral treatment. Factors associated with influenza testing and antiviral treatment included neuromuscular disease, immunocompromised status, age, insurance type, and chronic lung disease. Further studies on subsequent influenza seasons are needed to evaluate the current use of antivirals among children and understand potential barriers for treatment.
INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
F. Saettini, I Castelli, M. Provenzi, G. Fazio, M. Quadri, G. Cazzaniga, S. Sala, F. Dell'Acqua, E. Sieni, M. L. Coniglio, L. Pezzoli, M. Iascone, F. Vendemini, A. C. Balduzzi, A. Biondi, C. Rizzari, S. Bonanomi
PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY AND ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Hematology
Grazia Fazio, Michela Bardini, Paola De Lorenzo, Andrea Grioni, Manuel Quadri, Lucia Pedace, Lilia Corral Abascal, Sonia Palamini, Chiara Palmi, Barbara Buldini, Luciana Vinti, Rosanna Parasole, Elena Barisone, Marco Zecca, Claudio Favre, Franco Locatelli, Valentino Conter, Carmelo Rizzari, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Andrea Biondi, Giovanni Cazzaniga
Article
Hematology
Alaeddin Khalil, Gudrun Wuerthwein, Jana Golitsch, Georg Hempel, Manfred Fobker, Joachim Gerss, Anja Moericke, Martin Zimmermann, Petr Smisek, Massimo Zucchetti, Christa Nath, Andishe Attarbaschi, Arend von Stackelberg, Nicola Goekbuget, Carmelo Rizzari, Valentino Conter, Martin Schrappe, Joachim Boos, Claudia Lanvers-Kaminsky
Summary: Concerns about the efficacy of pegylated drugs arise due to the presence of antibodies against polyethylene glycol (PEG) in healthy individuals. This study evaluated the prevalence of anti-PEG antibodies in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients before and/or after the first administration of pegylated E.coli asparaginase (PEG-ASNase). The results showed that pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies were detected in a considerable proportion of patients with ALL and although they did not inhibit PEG-ASNase activity, they were associated with lower serum PEG-ASNase activity levels. Patients with pre-existing antibodies may experience mild to moderate hypersensitivity reactions after their first administration of PEG-ASNase, which can be successfully addressed by re-challenge.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gudrun Wuerthwein, Claudia Lanvers-Kaminsky, Christian Siebel, Joachim Gerss, Anja Moericke, Martin Zimmermann, Jan Stary, Petr Smisek, Martin Schrappe, Carmelo Rizzari, Massimo Zucchetti, Georg Hempel, Sebastian G. Wicha, Joachim Boos
Summary: The pharmacokinetics of PEG-ASNase are complex, with changes in elimination over time and high variability. A population pharmacokinetic model was successfully used to estimate individual dose intensity, even in cases of missing data, indicating high predictivity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DRUG METABOLISM AND PHARMACOKINETICS
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Luke Maese, Carmelo Rizzari, Russell Coleman, Austin Power, Inge van der Sluis, Rachel E. Rau
Summary: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common childhood cancer, with asparaginase playing a crucial role in treatment, but hypersensitivity reactions to certain types limit their use. JZP-458, a recombinant Erwinia asparaginase, offers a potential alternative for patients with hypersensitivity to ensure continued availability of treatment options.
PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Kim Klein, H. Berna Beverloo, Martin Zimmermann, Susana C. Raimondi, Christine von Neuhoff, Valerie Haas, Romy van Weelderen, Jacqueline Cloos, Jonas Abrahamsson, Yves Bertrand, Michael Dworzak, Alcira Fynn, Brenda Gibson, Shau-Yin Ha, Christine J. Harrison, Henrik Hasle, Sarah Elitzur, Guy Leverger, Alexei Maschan, Bassem Razzouk, Dirk Reinhardt, Carmelo Rizzari, Pter Smisek, Ursula Creutzig, Gertjan J. L. Kaspers
Summary: Cytogenetic profiles and karyotypic changes at relapse play a significant role in predicting survival outcomes for children with relapsed AML, with certain abnormalities associated with better or worse prognosis. Early treatment response, time to relapse, and cytogenetic profile at relapse are important prognostic factors, outweighing karyotypic instability per se.
PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Nobuko Hijiya, Alexey Maschan, Carmelo Rizzari, Hiroyuki Shimada, Carlo Dufour, Hiroaki Goto, Hyoung Jin Kang, Terri Guinipero, Zeynep Karakas, Francisco Bautista, Stephane Ducassou, Keon Hee Yoo, Christian Michel Zwaan, Frederic Millot, Briana Patterson, Jill Samis, Paola Aimone, Alex Allepuz, Ksenia Titorenko, Darintr Sosothikul
Summary: The open-label study on pediatric patients with CML showed sustained efficacy of nilotinib in both newly diagnosed and resistant/intolerant patients. However, patients in both cohorts exhibited attenuated growth rates during treatment. The most common adverse events were increased blood bilirubin, headache, fever, and increased alanine aminotransferase levels, with the safety profile of nilotinib being consistent with previous reports.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Christian Siebel, Claudia Lanvers-Kaminsky, Julia Alten, Petr Smisek, Christa E. Nath, Carmelo Rizzari, Joachim Boos, Gudrun Wurthwein
Summary: This study investigated the influence of anti-PEG antibodies on PEG-ASNase pharmacokinetics in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. High pre-existing levels of anti-PEG antibodies were found to increase initial drug clearance, with anti-PEG IgM having a stronger effect. Post-administration antibody levels did not affect drug clearance.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DRUG METABOLISM AND PHARMACOKINETICS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Giuliana Beneduce, Antonia De Matteo, Pio Stellato, Anna M. Testi, Nicoletta Bertorello, Antonella Colombini, Maria C. Putti, Carmelo Rizzari, Simone Cesaro, Monica Cellini, Elena Barisone, Fara Petruzziello, Giuseppe Menna, Rosanna Parasole
Summary: This study retrospectively assessed the safety and efficacy of Blinatumomab in pediatric patients with r/r BCP ALL and found that Blinatumomab showed good tolerability and effectiveness in inducing remission and achieving MRD negativity.
Article
Hematology
Martina Chiu, Giuseppe Taurino, Erica Dander, Donatella Bardelli, Alessandra Fallati, Roberta Andreoli, Massimiliano G. Bianchi, Cecilia Carubbi, Giulia Pozzi, Laura Galuppo, Prisco Mirandola, Carmelo Rizzari, Saverio Tardito, Andrea Biondi, Giovanna D'Amico, Ovidio Bussolati
Summary: ALL blasts utilize glutamine to exchange amino acids with MSCs, promoting the survival of leukemic cells during treatment.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Martha Caterina Faraguna, Francesca Musto, Viola Crescitelli, Maria Iascone, Luigina Spaccini, Davide Tonduti, Tiziana Fedeli, Gaia Kullmann, Francesco Canonico, Alessandro Cattoni, Fabiola Dell'Acqua, Carmelo Rizzari, Serena Gasperini
Summary: MPS-PS is a rare genetic disorder characterized by various symptoms, and many patients die before the age of 1-2. Treatment with steroids may improve the patient's condition and quality of life, but further research is needed to confirm this.
Article
Oncology
Luca Lo Nigro, Nellina Andriano, Barbara Buldini, Daniela Silvestri, Tiziana Villa, Franco Locatelli, Rosanna Parasole, Elena Barisone, Anna Maria Testi, Andrea Biondi, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Carmelo Rizzari, Valentino Conter, Giuseppe Basso, Giovanni Cazzaniga
Summary: This study determined a lower prevalence of FLT3-ITD in children with ETP compared to adults. FLT3-ITD can serve as a marker for sensitive molecular MRD monitoring in ETP-ALL when IG/TR markers are not available, potentially guiding treatment decisions regarding HSCT.
Article
Oncology
Franco Locatelli, Gerhard Zugmaier, Carmelo Rizzari, Joan D. D. Morris, Bernd Gruhn, Thomas Klingebiel, Rosanna Parasole, Christin Linderkamp, Christian Flotho, Arnaud Petit, Concetta Micalizzi, Yi Zeng, Rajendra Desai, William N. N. Kormany, Cornelia Eckert, Anja Moericke, Mary Sartor, Ondrej Hrusak, Christina Peters, Vaskar Saha, Luciana Vinti, Arend von Stackelberg
Article
Oncology
Katherine A. Janeway, Luis Gros, Stefan Schwartz, Claire Daugherty, Eva Gallardo, Christon Hill, Emma Thomas, Suzanne Ward, Carmelo Rizzari
Summary: Delayed elimination of methotrexate can occur in cancer treatment. Compassionate-use trials showed the effectiveness of glucarpidase in rapidly reducing methotrexate concentrations. This study analyzed pediatric and young adult patients and confirmed the efficacy and safety of glucarpidase in this population.
PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Adele Civino, Giovanni Alighieri, Eleonora Prete, Anna Maria Caroleo, Silvia Magni-Manzoni, Luciana Vinti, Micol Romano, Nicola Santoro, Giovanni Filocamo, Tamara Belotti, Francesca Santarelli, Chiara Gorio, Francesca Ricci, Antonella Colombini, Serena Pastore, Simone Cesaro, Patrizia Barone, Federico Verzegnassi, Alma Nunzia Olivieri, Monica Ficara, Angela Miniaci, Giovanna Russo, Romina Gallizzi, Roberta Pericoli, Luciana Breda, Rossella Mura, Rosa Anna Podda, Daniela Onofrillo, Bianca Lattanzi, Elisa Tirtei, Maria Cristina Maggio, Raffaela De Santis, Rita Consolini, Annalisa Arlotta, Francesco La Torre, Chiara Mainardi, Maria Antonietta Pelagatti, Elisa Coassin, Ilaria Capolsini, Roberta Burnelli, Assunta Tornesello, Francesca Soscia, Alessandro De Fanti, Donato Rigante, Cristina Pizzato, Carmela De Fusco, Massimo Eraldo Abate, Andrea Roncadori, Elisa Rossi, Giulia Stabile, Andrea Biondi, Loredana Lepore, Valentino Conter, Roberto Rondelli, Andrea Pession, Angelo Ravelli
Summary: This study aimed to assess musculoskeletal manifestations in childhood cancer patients at onset and differentiate malignancies from juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Musculoskeletal symptoms, joint pain in particular, were common in cancer patients, with male sex, weight loss, and thrombocytopenia being factors associated with malignancy.
LANCET RHEUMATOLOGY
(2021)
