Review
Oncology
Moloud Sooreshjani, Shashwat Tripathi, Corey Dussold, Hinda Najem, John de Groot, Rimas V. Lukas, Amy B. Heimberger
Summary: Glioblastoma, a highly infiltrative tumor, often recurs despite multi-modal treatment. Novel strategies incorporating cytokines as potential therapeutic options, including virotherapy, systemic cytokine therapy, and cellular and gene therapy, are being explored to improve treatment outcomes in glioblastoma patients.
Article
Oncology
Defne Bayik, Cynthia F. Bartels, Katreya Lovrenert, Dionysios C. Watson, Duo Zhang, Kristen Kay, Juyeun Lee, Adam Lauko, Sadie Johnson, Alice Lo, Daniel J. Silver, Mary McGraw, Matthew Grabowski, Alireza M. Mohammadi, Filippo Veglia, Yi Fan, Michael A. Vogelbaum, Peter Scacheri, Justin D. Lathia
Summary: The study revealed that the enhanced cell adhesion ability of mMDSC in the GBM microenvironment is linked to tumor promotion, and targeting Integrin (31) and DPP-4 to interfere with mMDSC may be an effective way to alleviate immune suppression driven by myeloid cells in GBM.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Susan Brandenburg, Anne Blank, Alexander D. Bungert, Peter Vajkoczy
Summary: This article summarizes current research on methods to differentiate brain resident microglia from tumor-infiltrated macrophages, as well as their proportions and functional activities in glioma tissues.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jiaxin Li, Fredrik Ek, Roger Olsson, Mattias Belting, Johan Bengzon
Summary: This study identified CD105(+) cells as a potential subset of glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) that play a crucial role in tumor growth and treatment resistance. CD105(+) cells exhibited stem-like characteristics and differentiated into osteocytes and adipocytes. They also produced immunosuppressive and protumorigenic cytokines. Targeting CD105(+) cells could reshape the tumor microenvironment and block glioblastoma progression.
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qing Guo, Shuai Shen, Gefei Guan, Chen Zhu, Cunyi Zou, Jingyuan Cao, Wen Cheng, Xiaoyan Xu, Juanhan Yu, Zhiguo Lin, Guoli Wang, Ling Chen, Peng Cheng, Anhua Wu
Summary: Glioblastoma (GBM) shares common signaling pathways involving TIM-3, an immune checkpoint, between tumor and non-tumor cells. The study reveals that TIM-3 in glioma cells not only regulates the malignant behaviors of glioma cells but also induces macrophage migration and transition to an anti-inflammatory/protumorigenic phenotype through the TIM-3/IL6 signal. Blocking this feedback loop may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for GBM.
Review
Cell Biology
Johannes Jun Wei Low, Siti Aishah Sulaiman, Nor Adzimah Johdi, Nadiah Abu
Summary: Glioblastoma is an aggressive type of brain cancer that poses challenges for treatment. Extracellular vesicles, nanosized vesicles secreted by cells, play important roles in immunomodulation. The extracellular vesicles secreted by tumor and immune cells participate in various immunomodulatory effects, affecting the survival and progression of the tumor in the brain.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Chao Lin, Ning Wang, Chengyan Xu
Summary: Glioma is a solid tumor composed of both neoplastic and non-neoplastic components. Glioma-associated macrophages and microglia (GAMs) are crucial in regulating tumor growth, invasion, and recurrence in the glioma tumor microenvironment. This review provides an overview of the intricate relationship between GAMs and the glioma tumor microenvironment, as well as a summary of immunotherapies targeting GAMs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maricruz Rivera, Evan D. Bander, Babacar Cisse
Summary: Glioblastoma is the most aggressive primary tumor of the central nervous system with poor prognosis. Understanding the immune system's effects on glioma growth, invasion, survival, and angiogenesis is crucial for immunotherapy target development. Current clinical trials are investigating various approaches targeting the tumor microenvironment, as well as using vaccines, oncolytic viruses, antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor T cells for treating glioma cells.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
R. C. Cornelison, J. X. Yuan, K. M. Tate, A. Petrosky, G. F. Beeghly, M. Bloomfield, S. C. Schwager, A. L. Berr, C. A. Stine, D. Cimini, F. F. Bafakih, J. W. Mandell, B. W. Purow, B. J. Horton, J. M. Munson
Summary: In this study, a four-component 3D model of glioblastoma was created using patient-derived glioma stem cells and human glial cells. The model allowed examination of invasion, proliferation, and stemness in the context of glial cells, fluid forces, and chemotherapies. The findings suggest that interstitial flow promotes glioma cell proliferation and stemness, while glial cells affect invasion and stemness, potentially through CCL2 expression and differential activation.
NPJ PRECISION ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Rui Sun, Albert H. Kim
Summary: With the application of high throughput sequencing technologies at single-cell resolution, researchers have discovered immense cellular and tissue heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment of glioblastoma. The interactions between malignant and immune cells generate an immunosuppressive microenvironment, while glioma stem cells play a critical role in tumor growth and therapeutic resistance.
CANCER AND METASTASIS REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Yong Huang, Rut Tejero, Vivian K. Lee, Concetta Brusco, Theodore Hannah, Taylor B. Bertucci, Chrystian Junqueira Alves, Igor Katsyv, Michael Kluge, Ramsey Foty, Bin Zhang, Caroline C. Friedel, Guohao Dai, Hongyan Zou, Roland H. Friedel
Summary: The study demonstrates that glioblastoma cells elevate axon guidance molecule Plexin-B2 to increase invasiveness, and through modulating cellular biomechanics, Plexin-B2 promotes glioblastoma cell infiltration along axon fiber tracts in intracranial transplant models.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Tadas K. Rimkus, Austin B. Arrigo, Dongqin Zhu, Richard L. Carpenter, Sherona Sirkisoon, Daniel Doheny, Angelina T. Regua, Grace L. Wong, Sara Manore, Calvin Wagner, Hui-Kuan Lin, Guangxu Jin, Jimmy Ruiz, Michael Chan, Waldemar Debinski, Hui-Wen Lo
Summary: The study found that TUSC2 protein expression is reduced in glioblastoma compared to normal brain due to protein destabilization. NEDD4-mediated polyubiquitination is a novel mechanism for TUSC2 degradation in glioblastoma. TUSC2 loss promotes glioblastoma progression through upregulation of Bcl-xL and its knockout gene signature predicts poor patient survival.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Eisenbarth, Y. Alan Wang
Summary: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly deadly and treatment-resistant cancer due to its heterogeneity at both cellular and microenvironmental levels. The recent advancements in sequencing technologies have revealed the diversity of cell states in GBM, which hampers accurate classification and effective treatments for the disease. Moreover, GBM heterogeneity is influenced by both intrinsic factors and differs between new and recurrent cases, as well as treatment-naive and experienced patients. Understanding and unraveling the complex cellular network underlying GBM heterogeneity is essential for developing new strategies to combat this deadly disease.
Article
Oncology
Xinyue Dong, Jun Ren, Zohreh Amoozgar, Somin Lee, Meenal Datta, Sylvie Roberge, Mark Duquette, Dai Fukumura, Rakesh K. Jain
Summary: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells have limited efficacy in treating glioblastoma (GBM) and other solid tumors due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Previous studies have shown that blocking vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling can improve tumor vessel normalization and enhance the delivery of CD8+ T cells for effective immunotherapy. In this study, the researchers tested the hypothesis that anti-VEGF therapy can improve the delivery and efficacy of CAR-T cells in mice with GBM tumors, and found that it indeed enhanced CAR-T cell infiltration, delayed tumor growth, and prolonged survival.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Feng Liu, Qian Zhou, Hai-feng Jiang, Ting-ting Zhang, Cheng Miao, Xiao-hong Xu, Jia-xing Wu, Song-lin Yin, Shi-jie Xu, Jing-yi Peng, Pan-pan Gao, Xuan Cao, Feng Pan, Ximiao He, Xiao Qian Chen
Summary: The study found that RT/TMZ chemotherapy has limited effectiveness in treating GBM, but using the ROS inducer PL can improve its efficacy. Furthermore, combining RT/TMZ/PL with anti-PD-1 antibodies can further enhance the treatment effect and achieve immune cure for GBM. This finding is of great significance for further clinical trials.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)