Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shiyun Jin, Qi Cao, Fanghan Yang, Hongying Zhu, Su Xu, Qi Chen, Ziyi Wang, Yuhong Lin, Resat Cinar, Robert J. Pawlosky, Ye Zhang, Wei Xiong, Bin Gao, George F. Koob, David M. Lovinger, Li Zhang
Summary: The study demonstrates that astrocytic ALDH2 metabolizes ethanol in the brain, affecting the behavioral effects of alcohol. It shows that astrocytic ALDH2 controls the production and behavioral effects of alcohol metabolites in different brain regions.
Review
Oncology
Zili Zhai, Takeshi Yamauchi, Sarah Shangraw, Vincent Hou, Akiko Matsumoto, Mayumi Fujita
Summary: Acetaldehyde (AcAH), a carcinogenic byproduct of ethanol metabolism, has been linked to the development of malignancies in the upper gastrointestinal tract as well as cutaneous melanoma. This review examines the sources of ethanol and AcAH in the skin, their metabolic pathways, and the role of dysfunctional ethanol and AcAH metabolizing enzymes in melanoma development and progression. Data analysis also shows reduced activity of alcohol and AcAH metabolizing enzymes in melanoma tissues.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Naila Boby, Eon-Bee Lee, Muhammad Aleem Abbas, Na-Hye Park, Sam-Pin Lee, Md. Sekendar Ali, Seung-Jin Lee, Seung-Chun Park
Summary: FSC pretreatment reduces blood alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations, modulates liver enzyme activities, increases antioxidant enzyme expression, and decreases inflammatory cytokine gene expression in the liver. Additionally, it shows no acute oral toxicity in female rats and may be beneficial for reducing alcohol-induced damage.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Russell Pearson, Anthony Butler
Summary: This review explores the history and mechanisms of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) as a treatment for angina, focusing on the role of nitric oxide (NO) in its medicinal benefits. Recent research has highlighted the importance of the alcohol detoxification enzyme, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), in activating GTN and explaining its effects, particularly in individuals with a specific genetic mutation. Healthcare professionals should take note of these findings when administering GTN as an emergency treatment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Seonghee Jeon, Heewon Kang, Inhyung Cho, Sung-Il Cho
Summary: The alcohol flushing response is common among East Asians and may serve as an indicator of the health risks associated with alcohol intake. Current flushers are more likely to develop depression with a small dose of alcohol compared to never flushers.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Hongchao Guo, Xuan Yu, Yu Liu, David T. Paik, Johanne Marie Justesen, Mark Chandy, James W. S. Jahng, Tiejun Zhang, Weijun Wu, Freeborn Rwere, Shane Rui Zhao, Suman Pokhrel, Rabindra V. Shivnaraine, Souhrid Mukherjee, Daniel J. Simon, Amit Manhas, Angela Zhang, Che-Hong Chen, Manuel A. Rivas, Eric R. Gross, Daria Mochly-Rosen, Joseph C. Wu
Summary: The common ALDH2*2 variant affects around 8% of the global population and is associated with a severe loss of ALDH2 enzymatic activity and an increased risk of CAD. Empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, has been shown to improve EC dysfunction caused by ALDH2*2, suggesting a potential preventive measure against CAD.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jessica Maiuolo, Francesca Oppedisano, Cristina Carresi, Micaela Gliozzi, Vincenzo Musolino, Roberta Macri, Federica Scarano, Annarita Coppoletta, Antonio Cardamone, Francesca Bosco, Rocco Mollace, Carolina Muscoli, Ernesto Palma, Vincenzo Mollace
Summary: Reduced bioavailability of NO is associated with cardiovascular disease, and organic nitrates like GTN are commonly used to treat it. However, chronic use of GTN can lead to nitrate tolerance, requiring higher doses for the same effect. Nitrate tolerance is also accompanied by a decrease in ALDH2 catalytic activity. Introducing natural products containing nitrates into the diet can help reduce GTN intake and nitrate tolerance, while maintaining proper ALDH2 activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jinxia Fan, Xiaomei Huang, Guoxiang Zheng, Changyu Liu, Ming Wang, Yong Sun, Qian Yang
Summary: A mutant strain with decreased acetic acid production was obtained by cloning the aldh gene from F. oxysporum. The mutant strain showed 16.93% and 34.63% higher ethanol yields than the wild-type strain in glucose- and xylose-containing media, respectively, while the acetic acid yield was 23.10% and 39.55% lower. The biomass of the mutant strain was slightly lower than that of the wild-type strain.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Youxiang Mao, Di Shi, Gen Li, Peng Jiang
Summary: This study investigates the regulation and biological function of citrulline metabolism in the immune system. The researchers found that macrophage citrulline rapidly declines after interferon gamma and/or lipopolysaccharide stimulation, which is necessary for proinflammatory signaling activation. The study identifies ASS1 as a central player in controlling inflammatory macrophage activation and antibacterial defense by depleting cellular citrulline and reveals citrulline as a key metabolite in innate immune signaling.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tatsiana Suvorava, Sara Metry, Stephanie Pick, Georg Kojda
Summary: Vascular tone regulation by nitric oxide is a crucial physiological function, with endothelial dysfunction potentially being an underlying cause of hypertension. Increasing eNOS activity reduces blood pressure, while decreasing activity has the opposite effect. These findings have important implications for pre-hypertensive treatment.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Vijay Shankar Singh, Basant Kumar Dubey, Parul Pandey, Sushant Rai, Anil Kumar Tripathi
Summary: Azospirillum brasilense has the ability to cometabolize ethanol in medium containing fructose or glycerol as a carbon source, leading to enhanced production of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. In glycerol-supplemented medium, a new paralog of alcohol dehydrogenase (ExaA1) is synthesized to facilitate the utilization of ethanol by A. brasilense. The expression of exaA1 is induced by glycerol and negatively regulated by the RpoH2 sigma factor.
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hussa Alshahwan, Bedoor Qabazard, Alyaa Mousa, Bindu Chandrasekhar, Krishna Santhosh, Mariam H. M. Yousif
Summary: The study indicates that GYY4137 may be a novel therapeutic tool to prevent diabetes-associated vascular dysfunction. This treatment significantly improves vascular constriction and dilation responses in diabetic rats, and affects the levels of nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sulhee Lee, Young-Seo Park
Summary: This study found that administration of water-soluble propolis can significantly reduce ethanol content in rat serum after ethanol feeding, mainly through the increase of ADH and ALDH activities rather than the increase in the expression of ADH or ALDH genes.
FOOD SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Na Zhang, Jiaqi Fu, Xin Gao, Fang Lu, Yi Lu, Shumin Liu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effect of Baichanting (BCT) against Parkinson's disease (PD) using an integrated strategy of network pharmacology and brain metabolomics. The results showed that BCT delayed the occurrence and development of PD by improving the brain metabolic disorder, revealing the mechanism of BCT through multitarget and multipathway treatment.
BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiangming Gu, Richard Hickey, Antara Rath, Andre F. Palmer
Summary: The goal of this study was to develop a novel manufacturing strategy for large-scale production of metHb. Small-scale screening experiments were conducted to determine the optimal molar ratio of Hb to oxidizing agents. The synthesized metHb showed stability and potential as a non-O-2 carrying control material.
Article
Oncology
Lindsey R. Conroy, Susan Dougherty, Traci Kruer, Stephanie Metcalf, Pawel Lorkiewicz, Liqing He, Xinmin Yin, Xiang Zhang, Sengodagounder Arumugam, Lyndsay E. A. Young, Ramon C. Sun, Brian F. Clem
Article
Oncology
Lindsey R. Conroy, Pawel Lorkiewicz, Liqing He, Xinmin Yin, Xiang Zhang, Shesh N. Rai, Brian F. Clem
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2020)
Correction
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
L. Jin, G. Jagatheesan, J. Lynch, L. Guo, D. J. Conklin
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Affan B. Irfan, Claudia Arab, Andrew P. DeFilippis, Pawel Lorkiewicz, Rachel J. Keith, Zhengzhi Xie, Aruni Bhatnagar, Alex P. Carll
Summary: Smoking is associated with accelerated atrioventricular conduction, which may be mediated by an increase in dopamine production. Dopamine is inversely associated with PR interval and PR segment.
CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jordan Lynch, Lexiao Jin, Andre Richardson, Ganapathy Jagatheesan, Pawel Lorkiewicz, Zhengzhi Xie, Whitney S. Theis, Gregg Shirk, Marina Malovichko, Aruni Bhatnagar, Sanjay Srivastava, Daniel J. Conklin
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Timothy E. O'Toole, Alok A. Amraotkar, Andrew P. DeFilippis, Shesh N. Rai, Rachel J. Keith, Shahid P. Baba, Pawel Lorkiewicz, Catherine E. Crandell, Gina L. Pariser, Christopher J. Wingard, C. Arden Pope, Aruni Bhatnagar
Article
Environmental Sciences
Katlyn E. McGraw, Daniel W. Riggs, Shesh Rai, Ana Navas-Acien, Zhengzhi Xie, Pawel Lorkiewicz, Jordan Lynch, Nagma Zafar, Sathya Krishnasamy, Kira C. Taylor, Daniel J. Conklin, Andrew P. DeFilippis, Sanjay Srivastava, Aruni Bhatnagar
Summary: Exposure to acrolein and 1,3-butadiene is associated with endothelial dysfunction and may contribute to increased risk of hypertension in individuals with elevated sympathetic tone, particularly in Black participants.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Denise S. Tevis, Sharon R. Flores, Brandon M. Kenwood, Deepak Bhandari, Peyton Jacob, Jia Liu, Pawel K. Lorkiewicz, Daniel J. Conklin, Stephen S. Hecht, Maciej L. Goniewicz, Benjamin C. Blount, Victor R. De Jesus
Summary: The increasing interest in VOC exposure has highlighted the need for consistent naming of VOC metabolites, which currently lacks standardization. This study aims to establish a systematic acronym naming system to provide consistency in current usage and guide future acronyms for VOC metabolites. Despite the well-established measurement of VOC metabolites for investigating exposure, harmonizing acronyms among investigators has not been formally attempted.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Pawel Lorkiewicz, Rachel Keith, Jordan Lynch, Lexiao Jin, Whitney Theis, Tatiana Krivokhizhina, Daniel Riggs, Aruni Bhatnagar, Sanjay Srivastava, Daniel J. Conklin
Summary: The long-term health effects of e-cigarettes are still unknown, but studies on animal models and humans suggest that they can cause cardiovascular injury and endothelial dysfunction due to reactive aldehydes in e-cigarette aerosols. Thermal decomposition of vegetable glycerin in the e-cigarette solvent produces acrolein and glycidol, which may contribute to the adverse health effects of e-cigarettes. The urinary metabolite 23HPMA may serve as a specific biomarker for e-cigarette use.
CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Riham R. E. Abouleisa, Abou Bakr M. Salama, Qinghui Ou, Xian-Liang Tang, Mitesh Solanki, Yiru Guo, Yibing Nong, Lindsey McNally, Pawel K. Lorkiewicz, Kamal M. Kassem, Brooke M. Ahern, Krishna Choudhary, Reuben Thomas, Yu Huang, Hamzah R. Juhardeen, Aisha Siddique, Zainab Ifthikar, Sally K. Hammad, Ayman S. El-Baz, Kathryn N. Ivey, Daniel J. Conklin, Jonathan Satin, Bradford G. Hill, Deepak Srivastava, Roberto Bolli, Tamer M. A. Mohamed
Summary: This study provides mechanistic insights into forced cardiomyocyte proliferation and advances the clinical feasibility of this approach for the treatment of ischemic heart failure by minimizing the oncogenic potential of cell cycle factors and using a novel viral construct.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Riham R. E. Abouleisa, Lindsey McNally, Abou Bakr M. Salama, Sally K. Hammad, Qinghui Ou, Collin Wells, Pawel K. Lorkiewicz, Roberto Bolli, Tamer M. A. Mohamed, Bradford G. Hill
Summary: This study reveals that a metabolic shift from catabolic to anabolic activity is a critical step for cardiomyocyte cell cycle entry and proliferation, indicating the importance of metabolic changes in influencing myocyte proliferation.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kyle L. Fulghum, Juliette B. Smith, Julia Chariker, Lauren F. Garrett, Kenneth R. Brittian, Pawel K. Lorkiewicz, Lindsey A. McNally, Shizuka Uchida, Steven P. Jones, Bradford G. Hill, Helen E. Collins
Summary: The goal of this study was to develop an atlas of the metabolic, transcriptional, and proteomic changes in the maternal heart during and after pregnancy. The results showed significant increases in heart size, cardiac hypertrophy, and myocyte cross-sectional area during pregnancy and post-birth, accompanied by changes in metabolites, gene expression, and protein levels. These findings provide important insights into the coordinated molecular changes that occur in the maternal heart during and after pregnancy.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andrew A. Gibb, Emma K. Murray, Anh T. Huynh, Ryan B. Gaspar, Tori L. Ploesch, Ken Bedi, Alyssa A. Lombardi, Pawel K. Lorkiewicz, Rajika Roy, Zolt Arany, Daniel P. Kelly, Kenneth B. Margulies, Bradford G. Hill, John W. Elrod
Article
Toxicology
Timothy E. O'Toole, Xiaohong Li, Daniel W. Riggs, David J. Hoetker, Ray Yeager, Pawel Lorkiewicz, Shahid P. Baba, Nigel G. F. Cooper, Aruni Bhatnagar
INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hridgandh Donde, Smita Ghare, Swati Joshi-Barve, JingWen Zhang, Manicka V. Vadhanam, Leila Gobejishvili, Pawel Lorkiewicz, Sanjay Srivastava, Craig J. McClain, Shirish Barve
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2020)