Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jaehyun Lee, Seong-Eun Kim, Dowon Moon, Junsang Doh
Summary: Cancer immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint blockade and CAR T cell therapy, have achieved significant success, but face challenges in improving T cell infiltration into solid tumor tissues. A multilayered blood vessel/tumor tissue chip (MBTC) was developed to mimic and observe the infiltration process of T cells into tumor cells, providing valuable insights for pre-clinical evaluation of immunotherapeutics.
Review
Immunology
Xuan Zhao, Yulin Bao, Bi Meng, Zijian Xu, Sijin Li, Xu Wang, Rui Hou, Wen Ma, Dan Liu, Junnian Zheng, Ming Shi
Summary: Developing biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies is important for avoiding side effects and economic burden. Current assays evaluating PD-L1 expression are imperfect, but recent studies are advancing the methodologies to improve accuracy. This includes standardization of immunohistochemistry tests and the use of novel in vivo probes and liquid biopsy. Considering PD-L1 expression on non-tumor cells and utilizing artificial intelligence can further enhance the predictive accuracy of PD-L1 as a biomarker.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Yiru Long, Xiaolu Yu, Runqiu Chen, Yongliang Tong, Likun Gong
Summary: With programmed death 1/ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) as the cornerstone, anti-PD antibodies have revolutionized immunotherapies for malignancies. However, many patients fail to respond to anti-PD treatment due to resistance or hyperprogression. The study highlights the importance of noncanonical PD-1/PD-L1 expression in various cancers and its impact on the efficacy of anti-PD antibodies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wenhua Xu, Jiajun Cui, Linqing Wu, Caigu He, Gang Chen
Summary: Chronic exposure to arsenic negatively affects T cell anti-tumor immunity, promoting lung cancer development. The up-regulation of PD-1/PD-L1 and increase in Tregs, along with decreased CD8/Treg ratio, hinder T cell anti-tumor function in the lungs, enhancing lung tumorigenesis. Inhibition of PD-1/PD-L1 shows potential as a preventive strategy to mitigate the tumorigenic effects of chronic arsenic exposure.
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Escors, Ana Bocanegra, Luisa Chocarro, Ester Blanco, Sergio Pineiro-Hermida, Maider Garnica, Leticia Fernandez-Rubio, Ruth Vera, Hugo Arasanz, Grazyna Kochan
Summary: PD-L1/PD-1 blockade immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, but its mechanisms and effectiveness are still not fully understood. This article reviews the evidence supporting the role of CD4 T cells in anti-tumor immunity and their potential as predictors of response to PD-L1/PD-1 blockade immunotherapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raed Sulaiman, Pradip De, Jennifer C. Aske, Xiaoqian Lin, Adam Dale, Nischal Koirala, Kris Gaster, Luis Rojas Espaillat, David Starks, Nandini Dey
Summary: The dual landscape of tumor cells and stromal cells determines the response of a tumor to treatment. However, the mechanistic contribution of PD-L1/L2 and PD-1 signaling in the tumor microenvironment (TME) in endometrial cancers (ECs) is still unclear. This study aims to explore the compartmental pattern of PD-L1/L2 and PD-1 expression in EC tissues and their matched cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Ningshan Li, Jiawei Tang, Jun Yang, Bo Zhu, Xinxin Wang, Yong Luo, Haiyan Yang, Fujie Jang, Jianzhong Zou, Zheng Liu, Zhibiao Wang
Summary: Cancer immunotherapy, particularly through ultrasound stimulated microbubble cavitation (USMC), holds promise in eradicating solid tumors by promoting tumor perfusion, increasing CD8(+) T cells infiltration, and enhancing anti-PD-L1 antibody delivery. The combination therapy of optimized USMC with anti-PD-L1 antibody not only enhances tumor perfusion and vascular normalization, but also significantly increases tumor infiltrating CD8(+) T cells, leading to greater tumor growth inhibition and longer survival compared to monotherapies.
Article
Oncology
Carlos Martinez-Gomez, Marie Michelas, Clara-Maria Scarlata, Anna Salvioni, Carlos Gomez-Roca, Victor Sarradin, Francoise Lauzeral-Vizcaino, Virginie Feliu, Agnes Dupret-Bories, Gwenael Ferron, Jerome Sarini, Christel Devaud, Jean-Pierre Delord, Camille-Charlotte Balanca, Alejandra Martinez, Maha Ayyoub
Summary: This study identified a population of CD4 T cells expressing inhibitory receptors targeted by immunotherapy in the blood of cancer patients. It showed that high proportions of these cells prior to therapy were associated with a response to immunotherapy. The study also found that exhausted CD4 T cells, which contained low proportions of effector cytokine-producing cells, may play a role in clinical responsiveness to immunotherapy.
Article
Oncology
Timothy A. Yap, Patricia M. LoRusso, Deborah J. Wong, Siwen Hu-Lieskovan, Kyriakos P. Papadopoulos, Josefin-Beate Holz, Urszula Grabowska, Cristian Gradinaru, Kin-Mei Leung, Sylwia Marshall, Claire S. Reader, Roslin Russell, Richard C. A. Sainson, Claire J. Seal, Christopher J. Shepherd, Fiona Germaschewski, Daniel Gliddon, Omer Stern, Lesley Young, Neil Brewis, Louis Kayitalire, Michelle Morrow
Summary: This study evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and activity of FS118, a bispecific antibody targeting LAG-3 and PD-L1, in advanced cancer patients resistant to anti-PD-(L)1 therapy. The results showed that FS118 was well tolerated and reached the recommended phase 2 dose. This study suggests that FS118 may have clinical benefits in patients resistant to anti-PD-(L)1 therapy.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Yunzhou Pu, Qing Ji
Summary: This review summarizes the roles and mechanisms of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the resistance of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Various therapies, including inhibition of TAM differentiation and re-education of TAM activation, are available to recover the anticancer efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Eun-Ji Lee, Ji Hye Kim, Tae In Kim, Yeon-Ji Kim, Malk Eun Pak, Chang Hyun Jeon, Yeo Jin Park, Wei Li, Young Soo Kim, Jang-Gi Choi, Hwan-Suck Chung
Summary: This study demonstrates the anticancer effects of Sanguisorbae Radix extract (SRE) through PD-1/PD-L1 blockade and the enhanced immuno-oncologic effects of combination therapy with SRE and pembrolizumab.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jinhua Liu, Zichao Chen, Yaqun Li, Wenjie Zhao, JiBiao Wu, Zhen Zhang
Summary: Programmed death protein 1 (PD1) is an important immune checkpoint on T cells that plays a crucial role in downregulating the immune system and promoting self-tolerance, while its ligand, programmed cell death ligand 1 (PDL1), is overexpressed in malignant tumor cells, contributing to immune evasion and treatment failure. Despite the clinical efficacy of PD1/PDL1 inhibitors in many tumors, some patients may develop drug resistance, highlighting the need for further research into improving targeted therapies and understanding the associated safety issues.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Yamin Liang, Lu Li, Yanmei Chen, Jinyan Xiao, Dangheng Wei
Summary: The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is crucial in immune responses and cancer therapy, but may accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis in some patients.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yiwen Liang, Jingyi Shen, Qiu Lan, Kexin Zhang, Yan Xu, Maxwell Duah, Kailin Xu, Bin Pan
Summary: This research found that PD-1 expression on T cells increased in mice with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). Intervention of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway showed a significant impact on the occurrence of cGVHD and graft-versus-tumor effect.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Laure Chardin, Alexandra Leary
Summary: Ovarian cancer is a highly lethal gynecologic malignancy with a high recurrence rate, despite many patients responding effectively to current treatments. In order to improve outcomes, further research into the immune microenvironment and the development of effective therapies are urgently needed.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Wenbin Huang, Qiang Wei, Yasong Zhou, Xiaodong Liu, Meifang Liu, Pengfei Zhang, Zhusong Xu, Zhiqing Yu, Xiaohan Wang, Haoran Liu
Summary: A series of Ni modified Y zeolites were successfully synthesized by in-situ synthesis method, and NiMo/AxNiY catalysts were prepared. The results showed that Ni modification can affect the physical-chemical properties of the zeolites and catalysts, leading to a decrease in specific surface areas but an increase in acid sites and particle uniformity. The incorporation of Ni into Y zeolites improved the acid sites and Mo dispersion, enhancing the adsorption and hydrogenation performances of the catalysts.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Wei Wang, Liang Ge, Lili Zhang, Lin Liu, Xuehong Zhang, Xiaoling Ma
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the specific role of miR-16 in granulosa cell function in PCOS. The results showed that overexpression of miR-16 or knockdown of Apelin13 could suppress granulosa cell proliferation and enhance apoptosis. Additionally, Apelin13 was identified as a potential target of miR-16. Overexpression of Apelin13 could partially reverse the effects of miR-16 overexpression on granulosa cell proliferation and apoptosis. Moreover, inhibiting Apelin13 could suppress granulosa cell proliferation and block the PI3K/Akt pathway.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Wen-Jing He, Shan-Liang Zhu, Na Li, Yu-Qun Han
Summary: This paper proposes an adaptive control strategy based on MTN for solving the tracking control problem of switched nonlinear systems with output hysteresis. By employing the modified hysteresis model and Nussbaum function, and using MTN to approximate nonlinear structures, a novel network adaptive control strategy is constructed to achieve both tracking control and stability of the system simultaneously.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Jing-jing Li, Zhi-bo Zhang, Shi-yun Xu, Cheng-ren Zhang, Xiong-fei Yang, Yao-xing Duan
Summary: This study compared the medium-term oncological data, 3-year overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) of laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (L-TME) and robotic total mesorectal excision (R-TME) in patients with rectal cancer (RC). The results showed that R-TME achieved better oncological outcomes and was more beneficial for RC patients compared with L-TME, especially for those with stage III rectal cancers.
SURGICAL INNOVATION
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Zhimin Qiao, Liangjun Ke, Xiaoqiang Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a new MARL algorithm called CoTD3-EWMA, which introduces mean-field theory and dynamic delay updating to effectively solve the challenges in urban traffic signal control and improve traffic efficiency.
APPLIED INTELLIGENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qiaoqin Guo, Jihui Chen, Yuntao Dong, Yuting Yang, Jianping Li, Yongchun Guo, Zhong Yang, Wei Yang, Dapeng Xu
Summary: The oxidation of Cu-Pb bearing alloys was studied in a temperature range of 25 to 700 degrees C. It was observed that lead could easily diffuse and form oxide films on the surface of the alloy during the oxidation process. The morphology of the oxides formed by lead at different temperatures varied. At lower temperatures, there was no significant change, while at higher temperatures, the morphology of the oxide films changed significantly, with granular lead oxide covering the alloy surface.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Fangfang Wen, Yu Ding, Cui Yang, Shuhan Ma, Jianli Zhu, Huanrui Xiao, Bin Zuo
Summary: With the development of science and technology, smartphone addiction has become a common phenomenon with adverse consequences. This study investigated the influences of different motives on smartphone addiction and found that age plays a moderating role in predicting smartphone addiction.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yu Xiao, Fei Fang, Jun Tang, Yang Wang, Yue He, Beidou Xi, Wenbing Tan, Ying Yuan, Tingqiao Yu
Summary: The migration and transformation of dissolved organic matter caused by landfill leachate leakage affect the phylogenetic development of bacterial communities in groundwater. This study analyzed the evolution characteristics of DOM and identified the bacterial communities in groundwater around the landfill. Results showed that landfill leachate increased DOM content in groundwater and led to changes in DOM components and bacterial communities.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Remote Sensing
Gelin Wang, Chunyang Gu, Jing Li, Jiqiang Wang, Xinmin Chen, He Zhang
Summary: In the era of Machine Learning (ML), the development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is facing challenges due to the exponential multi-sensor data, increasing number of actuators, and data-intensive algorithms. This paper investigates the integration of Heterogeneous Computing (HC) in the Flight Management System (FMS) of UAVs. It provides an overview of cross-layer FMS design and highlights the advantages of HC in Light-ML, accelerated Federated Learning (FL), and hardware accelerators. The paper also focuses on visual-guided landing, intelligent Fault Diagnosis and Detection (FDD), and controller-embeddable Power Electronics (PE) to illustrate advancements in FMS design.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
An Hu, Qixin De, Hesheng Wang
Summary: Existing works on impedance control of aerial vehicles are based on known translational velocity, which can be unreliable. To address this issue, a concurrent velocity observation and impedance control framework is proposed. The framework uses cost-optimized monocular vision and IMU measurements instead of GNSS modules, optical flow, and force sensors. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method in unknown environments and under vision system uncertainties.
IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Wen-Jing He, Shan-Liang Zhu, Li-Ting Lu, Wei Zhao, Yu-Qun Han
Summary: This paper focuses on the tracking control of a class of switched nonlinear systems with prescribed performance. A barrier function and a normalized function are introduced to achieve prescribed performance control, ensuring that the tracking error stays within prescribed boundaries. Additionally, a multi-dimensional Taylor network is used to estimate the nonlinearity arising from the backstepping control process. The proposed multi-switching-based adaptive controller guarantees globally uniformly ultimately bounded signals and asymptotic tracking, while achieving global stability and independence from the initial state. The effectiveness of the proposed control method is verified through two simulations.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jingping Wang, Jinan Cao, Youlong Xu, Haixia An, Xifei Li
Summary: This study presents a simple electro-polymerization method to fabricate flexible PPy films coated on PPy nanotubes, which can be used as flexible electrodes for supercapacitors. The optimized kinetics for ion transportation result in a significantly increased mass specific capacitance of the flexible porous PPy films. The flexible porous PPy films also exhibit minimal capacitance fading after 10,000 cycles due to the large free space for volume change.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiaobo Li, Xin Li, Lin Yan, Tenghua Zhou, Shunming Li, Jiqiang Wang, Xinhao Li
Summary: To address the issues with CNN-PCA in accurately describing and generalizing complex reservoir geological features, a 3D attention U-Net network was proposed in this study. This network does not rely on a pre-trained C3D video motion analysis model, but instead focuses on complementing the details lost in the dimension reduction process of PCA. The experimental results on a complex river channel sandstone reservoir demonstrate that the 3D attention U-Net network outperforms the CNN-PCA method in capturing the missing details and reflecting fluid flow features, leading to improved history matching results.
PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Ted Chia Hao Wu, Wenjing He, Isuru Dharmasena, Heather J. Prior, Ashley Vergis, Krista Hardy
Summary: This is the first Canadian study to use a provincial-wide prescription database to measure long-term comorbidity resolution after bariatric surgery. The use of administrative data eliminates potential biases and inaccuracies in follow up and self-reported outcomes. The study found that prescriptions for medications used to treat metabolic syndrome significantly decreased after bariatric surgery.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Yali Wang, Yinsheng Li, Hongpei Geng, Qian Zuo, Michelle Thunders, Jiangping Qiu
Summary: This study investigated the proteomic response in earthworms exposed to As3+. The researchers identified 36 differentially expressed proteins, with 24 successfully identified. These proteins are involved in metabolism, signal transduction, and stress-related functions. The findings contribute to understanding the underlying mechanisms of soil arsenic ecotoxicity.
SOIL ECOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)