Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Stefano Palomba
Summary: Regardless of ovulatory status, women with PCOS may have reduced reproductive potential due to altered oocytes, embryo and endometrial competence, infertility-related co-morbidities, and an increased risk of pregnancy complications.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Antoine M. Snijders, Mi Zhou, Todd P. Whitehead, Briana Fitch, Priyatama Pandey, Aaron Hechmer, Abel Huang, Suzaynn F. Schick, Adam J. de Smith, Adam B. Olshen, Catherine Metayer, Jian-Hua Mao, Joseph L. Wiemels, Scott C. Kogan
Summary: The study found that exposure to thirdhand smoke in utero and during early life significantly affects the immune system and the development of leukemia/lymphoma in mice, particularly more pronounced in male mice. Additionally, thirdhand smoke exposure may contribute to carcinogenesis by lowering the host defense to other toxic exposures.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xianrong Xiong, Xiaojian Zhang, Manzhen Yang, Yanjin Zhu, Hailing Yu, Xixi Fei, Fuko Mastuda, Daoliang Lan, Yan Xiong, Wei Fu, Shi Yin, Jian Li
Summary: This study found that KDM2a is involved in follicular and oocyte development in mice, and its knockout leads to female subfertility. Additionally, KDM2a also affects the sensitivity to female hormones.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karolina Wolodko, Juan Castillo-Fernandez, Gavin Kelsey, Antonio Galvao
Summary: Maternal obesity can lead to impaired leptin signaling, resulting in high levels of estrogen and leptin in the bloodstream, which adversely affects ovarian function. This review highlights the potential impact of impaired leptin signaling on folliculogenesis and oocyte developmental competence in both mice and women.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ting Zeng, Yanxia Liu, Yingfang Jiang, Lan Zhang, Yagang Zhang, Lin Zhao, Xiaoli Jiang, Qiang Zhang
Summary: This article focuses on materials that help reduce the levels of major carcinogens in cigarette smoke. The research progress on adsorption effects and mechanisms of advanced materials such as cellulose, zeolite, activated carbon, graphene, and molecularly imprinted polymers are highlighted. The review aims to serve as an insightful reference for the design of hybrid and functionally oriented advanced materials.
Article
Reproductive Biology
Jiahe Zhou, Hui Mo, Qian Feng, Li Li, Jiahui La
Summary: This study investigated the expression of ApoC3 in the ovaries of PCOS patients and its potential role in the progression of PCOS. The results showed that ApoC3 levels were higher in PCOS patients, and its expression increased with PCOS progression. The study suggests that ApoC3 may be involved in the regulation of oocyte development in PCOS.
JOURNAL OF OVARIAN RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Meina He, Tuo Zhang, Yi Yang, Chao Wang
Summary: Meiosis is essential for sexual reproduction, with oocytes in female mammals beginning meiosis before birth and sustaining it through dictyate stage before ovulation. Fine-tuning of meiotic progression is crucial for fertility, as any disruption can lead to oogenesis failure and impact overall reproductive health. Understanding the regulatory network of oocyte meiosis is key to comprehending mammalian reproduction and the consequences of misregulation on infertility.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing Zhu, Qingling Yang, Hui Li, Yujiao Wang, Yuqing Jiang, Huan Wang, Luping Cong, Jianmin Xu, Zhaoyang Shen, Wenhui Chen, Xinxin Zeng, Mengchen Wang, Min Lei, Yingpu Sun
Summary: SIRT3 plays a critical role in maintaining the ovarian follicle reserve and oocyte quality in aging mice, but its role in the testis remains unclear.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Melanie C. Faure, Rita Khoueiry, Jusal Quanico, Herve Acloque, Marie-Justine Guerquin, Michael J. Bertoldo, Claire Chevaleyre, Christelle Rame, Isabelle Fournier, Michel Salzet, Joelle Dupont, Pascal Froment
Summary: The study found that fetal exposure to metformin may lead to reduced fertility in male offspring, manifested by lower sperm head quality and higher DNA damage. This could be attributed to hypermethylation of sperm genomic DNA and lower expression of the TET1 protein.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Tim Axelrod, Evgeni Eltzov, Merav Lerman, Dorin Harpaz, Robert S. Marks
Summary: This study demonstrates that cigarette filters can reduce the harmful effects of cigarette smoke, but they cannot completely eliminate the impact on the human body. Smoking also affects quorum sensing and increases the risk of pulmonary infections.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yong-Hyun Kim, Min-Seok Kim
Summary: This study developed a standardized method for preparing whole cigarette smoke condensate (WCSC) to obtain consistent quality WCSC. The effectiveness of the method was verified by evaluating the concentrations of total particulate matter (TPM) and organic compounds (OCs) in the samples at each step of WCSC preparation from cigarette smoke.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mayako Fujihara, Jun-ichi Shiraishi, Manabu Onuma, Yoshiyuki Ohta, Miho Inoue-Murayama
Summary: This study investigates the effect of ovaries storage on oocytes for the purpose of cryopreserving avian female gametes by using chickens as a model. The results show that storing the ovaries at low temperatures (4 degrees C) can maintain the viability and morphology of oocytes, while storage at room temperature leads to rapid decline and apoptosis. Additionally, the study demonstrates that ovarian tissues stored at low temperatures can recover after cryopreservation.
Review
Toxicology
Xiaojiang Qin, Anqi Gao, Xiaomin Hou, Xinrong Xu, Liangjin Chen, Lin Sun, Yuxuan Hao, Yiwei Shi
Summary: Pulmonary hypertension is a chronic progressive disease associated with cigarette smoke exposure and abnormal alterations in connexin expression. Smokers have a higher risk of developing PH and increased mortality. Current treatments are unable to reverse vascular remodeling associated with PH. Therefore, early intervention is crucial in preventing the development of PH.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tingting Wu, Keye Xu, Chaobo Liu, Yan Li, Mingcai Li
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of interleukin-37 (IL-37) on cigarette smoke-induced lung inflammation. By administering IL-37-expressing lentivirus to mice, it was found that IL-37 can alleviate weight loss and pulmonary inflammation induced by cigarette smoke. IL-37 also significantly inhibited inflammatory cell recruitment, reduced inflammatory cell increase, and suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jie Pei, Lin Xiong, Shaoke Guo, Xingdong Wang, Pengjia Bao, Xiaoyun Wu, Ping Yan, Xian Guo
Summary: Single-cell RNA sequencing was used to investigate the molecular characteristics of various cell types in the yak ovarian cortex, and a cellular atlas was successfully constructed. Differential gene expression analysis identified differentially expressed genes in endothelial cells, immune cells, stromal cells, smooth muscle cells, oocytes, macrophages, epithelial cells, and granulosa cells. The cellular atlas revealed the biological characteristics of the ovarian cortex at the cellular molecular level and provided insights into female reproductive biology via cellular communications in the yak.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Eva Valencic, Emma Beckett, Clare E. Collins, Barbara Korousic, Tamara Bucher
Summary: As decision-making shifts more into digital environments, understanding how consumers assess and select foods, particularly healthy foods, in these environments is becoming increasingly important. Online services offer opportunities to improve consumer wellbeing through promoting healthier food choices and positively impacting purchasing behaviours.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Senani N. H. Rathnayake, Benedikt Ditz, Jos van Nijnatten, Tayyaba Sadaf, Philip M. Hansbro, Corry A. Brandsma, Wim Timens, Annemarie van Schadewijk, Peter S. Hiemstra, Nick H. T. ten Hacken, Brian Oliver, Huib A. M. Kerstjens, Maarten van den Berge, Alen Faiz
Summary: This study uses scRNA-seq to analyze the effects of smoking on the cellular composition and gene expression of the bronchial-mucus-barrier. It found that smoking alters the cell composition, increases mucus production, and leads to gene expression changes in the bronchial-mucus-barrier. However, these effects can be partially reversed within a year of smoking cessation. The CD methodology can predict goblet cell percentages from RNA-seq.
Article
Respiratory System
Venkata Sita Rama Raju Allam, Stelios Pavlidis, Gang Liu, Nazanin Zounemat Kermani, Jennifer Simpson, Joyce To, Sheila Donnelly, Yi-Ke Guo, Philip M. Hansbro, Simon Phipps, Eric F. Morand, Ratko Djukanovic, Peter Sterk, Kian Fan Chung, Ian Adcock, James Harris, Maria B. Sukkar
Summary: The study showed that MIF protein correlates with clinical and molecular features of severe neutrophilic asthma and reduces the biological activity of annexin-A1 through interaction, promoting glucocorticoid resistance of neutrophilic inflammation.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Eva Valencic, Emma Beckett, Clare E. E. Collins, Barbara Korousic Seljak, Tamara Bucher
Summary: This study developed and tested a mobile app to investigate the association between physical and digital environments on snack choices. Preliminary results suggest that the time of snack obtainment did not have a significant effect on the healthfulness of the snacks chosen, but unhealthy background images appeared to encourage healthier snack choices.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vyoma K. Patel, Sukriti Vishwas, Rajan Kumar, Gabriele De Rubis, Shakti D. Shukla, Keshav Raj Paudel, Bikash Manandhar, Thakur Gurjeet Singh, Dinesh Kumar Chellappan, Monica Gulati, Indu Pal Kaur, Venkata Sita Rama Raju Allam, Philip M. Hansbro, Brian G. Oliver, Ronan MacLoughlin, Sachin Kumar Singh, Kamal Dua
Summary: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease that presents a huge burden worldwide. Overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines triggers an uncontrolled inflammatory response known as 'cytokine storm', leading to disease progression and fatal consequences. Targeting cytokine overproduction and signaling may provide a promising approach for asthma treatment. This review discusses pharmacological strategies, drug delivery systems, and clinical trial findings that may overcome the limitations of current therapies.
JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vinod Kumar Kannaujiya, Gabriele De Rubis, Keshav Raj Paudel, Bikash Manandhar, Dinesh Kumar Chellappan, Sachin Kumar Singh, Ronan MacLoughlin, Gaurav Gupta, Dikaia Xenaki, Pradeep Kumar, Philip Michael Hansbro, Brian Gregory George Oliver, Peter Richard Wich, Kamal Dua
Summary: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and current treatment options are limited. Inhibition of NF kappa B, a master regulator of NSCLC, shows promise as an innovative therapeutic strategy. This study demonstrates the encapsulation of a hydrophilic NF kappa B decoy ODN into a dextran-based nanoparticle system, which effectively inhibits NF kappa B activity and exhibits promising anticancer activity against NSCLC.
JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Gaetano Scaramuzzo, Nucera Francesco, Alessio Asmundo, Roberto Messina, Matilde Mari, Federica Montanaro, Matt D. Johansen, Francesco Monaco, Guido Fadda, Giovanni Tuccari, Nicole G. Hansbro, Philip M. Hansbro, Trevor T. Hansel, Ian M. Adcock, Antonio David, Paul Kirkham, Gaetano Caramori, Carlo Alberto Volta, Savino Spadaro
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause either asymptomatic cases or the severe disease COVID-19, which is characterized by varying levels of severity. Severe COVID-19 and death mainly result from acute (or acute on chronic) respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), often requiring hospital admission and ventilator support. The understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of COVID-19-related ARDS (c-ARDS) is still limited. This review discusses the genetic susceptibility to COVID-19, the pathogenesis, local and systemic biomarkers associated with c-ARDS, and therapeutic options targeting the cell signaling pathways of c-ARDS.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jesus Shrestha, Keshav Raj Paudel, Hojjatollah Nazari, Vivek Dharwal, Sajad Razavi Bazaz, Matt D. Johansen, Kamal Dua, Philip M. Hansbro, Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani
Summary: The global burden of respiratory diseases is significant, with a large number of people suffering and dying prematurely every year. The recent global COVID-19 pandemic, along with increased air pollution and wildfires, highlights the need to identify effective therapeutic measures. The use of advanced culture technologies, such as organoids and lung-on-a-chip models, has gained attention for their potential to replicate human diseased states and evaluate drug responses.
MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Natasha Brasington, Tamara Bucher, Emma L. L. Beckett
Summary: The use of convenience cooking products is related to lower cooking skills, confidence, creativity, and vegetable intake. However, the frequency of use is not associated with higher vegetable intake or views on the ease of eating vegetables.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Nikhil T. Awatade, Peter A. B. Wark, Andrew S. L. Chan, S. M. Abdullah Al Mamun, Nurul Yaqeen Mohd Esa, Kazuto Matsunaga, Chin Kook M. Rhee, Philip M. Hansbro, Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major contributor to illness and death worldwide. While COPD patients appear to be at higher risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes, it is still uncertain if they are more susceptible to acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection. This comprehensive review examines the relationship between COPD and COVID-19, exploring the evidence on susceptibility to infection and disease severity. The review also considers factors such as smoking, corticosteroid use, socioeconomic factors, and genetics that may influence this association. The importance of managing COPD patients during the pandemic to minimize the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes is highlighted.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vijay Kumar Panthi, Kamal Dua, Sachin Kumar Singh, Gaurav Gupta, Philip M. Hansbro, Keshav Raj Paudel
Summary: Cancer-related death is a global burden and conventional chemotherapy has limitations. Metronomic chemotherapy (MCT) is suggested as an alternative approach. Nanoformulations-based MCT has shown promising antitumor activity in preclinical and clinical settings. However, challenges and unanswered questions remain, and further research is necessary before implementing this treatment modality.
Article
Medical Ethics
Adrian G. Barnett, David N. Borg, Paul Glasziou, Emma Beckett
Summary: Research Integrity Advisors in Australia provide impartial guidance to researchers and are an important part of creating a safe environment for discussing research integrity issues and resolving them. A census revealed that there are 739 advisors nationally, with an overall positive attitude towards the role. However, some advisors lack proper training and institutional support, indicating a need for improvement.
ACCOUNTABILITY IN RESEARCH-ETHICS INTEGRITY AND POLICY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Celeste Ferraris, Christopher J. Scarlett, Tamara Bucher, Emma L. Beckett
Summary: Early research has shown that there are variations in salt taste qualities in cases of depression, anxiety, and stress. This Australian population survey found that individuals with higher scores indicating severe depression and anxiety had a greater liking for salty foods. These findings suggest a positive correlation between liking salty foods and scores of depression, anxiety, and stress.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Vamshikrishna Malyla, Keshav Raj Paudel, Gabriele De Rubis, Nicole G. Hansbro, Philip M. Hansbro, Kamal Dua
Summary: Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate worldwide, and cigarette smoking is a major etiological factor. This study found that cigarette smoke extract treatment can upregulate WNT/ss-β-catenin signaling and induce tumorigenesis in healthy human bronchial epithelial cells. Furthermore, extracellular vesicles obtained from cigarette smoke exposed cells were found to induce migration and upregulate oncology proteins in recipient cells.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tristram A. J. Ryan, Alexander Hooftman, Aisling M. Rehill, Matt D. Johansen, Eoin C. O'Brien, Juliana E. Toller-Kawahisa, Mieszko M. Wilk, Emily A. Day, Hauke J. Weiss, Pourya Sarvari, Emilio G. Vozza, Fabian Schramm, Christian G. Peace, Alessia Zotta, Stefan Miemczyk, Christina Nalkurthi, Nicole G. Hansbro, Gavin McManus, Laura O'Doherty, Siobhan Gargan, Aideen Long, Jean Dunne, Cliona Ni Cheallaigh, Niall Conlon, Michael Carty, Padraic G. Fallon, Kingston H. G. Mills, Emma M. Creagh, James S. O'Donnell, Paul J. Hertzog, Philip M. Hansbro, Rachel M. McLoughlin, Malgorzata Wygrecka, Roger J. S. Preston, Zbigniew Zaslona, Luke A. J. O'Neill
Summary: Excessive inflammation-associated coagulation is a common feature in infectious diseases such as bacterial sepsis and COVID-19. Type I interferon signaling has been found to play a crucial role in the release of tissue factor (TF) from macrophages, an important initiator of coagulation. The drugs DMF and 4-OI have been identified as anticoagulants that inhibit TF-mediated coagulopathy by suppressing macrophage pyroptosis and subsequent TF release.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)