Article
Neurosciences
Samuel C. Woodburn, Justin L. Bollinger, Eric S. Wohleb
Summary: Emerging evidence suggests that males and females exhibit different neurobiological responses to chronic stress, with males showing dendritic atrophy and synapse loss in the prefrontal cortex. Chronic stress also leads to microglia-mediated neuronal remodeling and astrocyte dystrophy, contributing to behavioral consequences primarily in male mice initially. Male mice display behavioral and cognitive deficits after 14 days of chronic stress, with perturbations of neuroimmune factors in the prefrontal cortex, while both male and female mice show impairments after 28 days. Limited changes in neuroimmune function are observed in both sexes after 28 days, but dendritic spine deficits persist in male mice.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF STRESS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Samuel C. Woodburn, Helina S. Asrat, James K. Flurer, Hana C. Schwierling, Justin L. Bollinger, Lauren L. Vollmer, Eric S. Wohleb
Summary: Chronic stress reduces synaptic expression of glutamate receptors in the PFC, leading to working memory deficits. Recent studies suggest that microglia are an important source of BDNF. Mice with deficient microglial BDNF showed increased susceptibility to the behavioral and cognitive consequences of stress.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Daniel Reyes-Haro
Summary: Anorexia is a common eating disorder, especially among adolescent females, characterized by a fear of gaining weight due to body image distortion, leading to reduced food intake and severe weight loss. Glial cells may play a significant role in anorexia.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Benjamin Villasana-Salazar, Annainaria Vezzani
Summary: Inflammatory molecules and their receptors are induced in epileptogenic foci, contributing to both the occurrence and development of seizures in drug-resistant epilepsies. Animal models have shown that activation of specific inflammatory signals in neurons or glial cells can modify seizure thresholds. Inflammatory mediators have CNS-specific neuromodulatory functions, which affect the inhibitory/excitatory balance in neural networks underlying seizures. Understanding these effects may lead to novel therapies for controlling drug-resistant seizures.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weidong Cai, Kristi Griffiths, Mayuresh S. Korgaonkar, Leanne Maree Williams, Vinod Menon
Summary: Children with ADHD exhibit abnormalities in task-evoked brain connectivity, particularly in the connection between the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex. Impairments in the two core cognitive control systems were observed, with connectivity patterns related to NoGo accuracy and severity of inattention symptoms. These findings suggest specific circuit biomarkers for predicting treatment outcomes in childhood ADHD.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rachel Silvany Quadros Guimaraes, Igor D. Bandeira, Bianca Lima Barretto, Thiago Lima Barretto, Thamires Wanke, Clara Oliveira Carvalho Alves, Chrissie Ferreira de Carvalho, Pedro H. Lucena, Luciana Rodrigues-Silva, Rita Lucena
Summary: This study aims to investigate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on children and adolescents with ADHD in neuropsychological tests. The research design is a triple-blind, randomized, sham-controlled, cross-over trial. The participants will undergo assessments including intelligence tests, language tests, and visual attention tests before and after tDCS treatment.
Article
Neurosciences
R. J. Rushmore, J. A. McGaughy, A. C. Amaral, D. J. Mokler, P. J. Morgane, J. R. Galler, D. L. Rosene
Summary: Protein malnutrition during gestation can have long-lasting effects on brain development, leading to behavioral and cognitive changes in adulthood and increasing the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders. Studies have shown that prenatal protein malnutrition specifically affects functions associated with the prefrontal cortex, resulting in decreased task performance and reduced prefrontal cortical activity in adulthood.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Leonard Radu Pinosanu, Bogdan Capitanescu, Daniela Glavan, Sanziana Godeanu, Israel Fernaundez Cadenas, Thorsten R. Doeppner, Dirk M. Hermann, Adrian-Tudor Balseanu, Catalin Bogdan, Aurel Popa-Wagner
Summary: The functions and activities of astroglia cells in brain development, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases differ. Comparing the transcriptomic activity of astroglia cells in these processes may provide new therapeutic strategies to protect the aging brain and improve clinical outcomes.
Review
Immunology
Yu Chen, Fu Peng, Ziwei Xing, Junren Chen, Cheng Peng, Dan Li
Summary: Neuroinflammation is an immune response in the central nervous system that is involved in various brain diseases. Flavonoids can alleviate neuroinflammation by inhibiting inflammatory mediators, promoting anti-inflammatory factors, and modulating glial cell polarization. They have therapeutic potential for brain disorders associated with neuroinflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Lola Kaukas, Justin Krieg, Lyndsey Collins-Praino, Frances Corrigan
Summary: This study investigated the effects of receiving an adult dose of LPS on cognitive task performance following adolescent injury, with results showing impaired motivation and prolonged central inflammatory response in injured animals during the task. Additionally, morphological analysis revealed increased complexity in myeloid cells in the pre-frontal cortex of injured animals given LPS.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Nadia D'Ambrosi, Martina Milani, Savina Apolloni
Summary: S100A4, a member of the S100 protein family, plays diverse roles in different cellular contexts; while it has been primarily associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis, it also plays a key role in promoting inflammation in various organs; in the nervous system, S100A4 contributes to neurogenesis, cellular motility, and inflammatory responses.
Article
Immunology
Jianqin Xue, Yu Zhang, Junhua Zhang, Zhujun Zhu, Qi Lv, Jianhua Su
Summary: This study revealed the important role of astrocyte-derived CCL7 in promoting microglia-mediated inflammation after TBI, suggesting CCL7 could serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for attenuating TBI by inhibiting microglial activation.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aminata P. Coulibaly, Pinar Pezuk, Paul Varghese, William Gartman, Danielle Triebwasser, Joshua A. Kulas, Lei Liu, Mariam Syed, Petr Tvrdik, Heather Ferris, J. Javier Provencio
Summary: The study findings suggest that MPO plays a role as a mediator of neuronal dysfunction in SAH by influencing neurons and glial cells. The results indicate that the activity of innate immune cells in the meninges modulates the activity and function of the underlying brain tissue in SAH.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Susu Qu, Xiangyu Zhou, Zhicheng Wang, Yi Wei, Han Zhou, Xinshuang Zhang, Qingjie Zhu, Yanmin Wang, Quanjun Yang, Likun Jiang, Yuan Ma, Yuan Gao, Lei Kong, Li Zhang
Summary: By studying the single-cell resolution of Drosophila, we found that methylphenidate and atomoxetine have different effects on neuronal and glial cells, as well as distinct transcriptional changes. Methylphenidate has a stronger response on dopamine receptor genes, while the effect of atomoxetine is relatively weaker.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shun Miyashiro, Yurika Yamada, Toshizumi Muta, Haruyuki Ishikawa, Tetsuri Abe, Masashi Hori, Kotaro Oka, Fusako Koshikawa, Etsuro Ito
Summary: Through near-infrared spectroscopy, this study examined the activation of brain regions during meditation and exercise, revealing that both activities activate the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) associated with emotional reactions and motivation behavior, ultimately leading to mental refreshment.
Article
Neurosciences
Victoria Belen Occhieppo, Natalia Andrea Marchese, Iara Diamela Rodriguez, Osvaldo Martin Basmadjian, Gustavo Baiardi, Claudia Bregonzio
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2017)
Article
Neurosciences
N. A. Marchese, M. C. Paz, X. Caeiro, F. M. Dadam, G. Baiardi, M. F. Perez, C. Bregonzio
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Osvaldo Martin Basmadjian, Victoria Belen Occhieppo, Natalia Andrea Marchese, Gustavo Baiardi, Claudia Bregonzio
PROTEIN AND PEPTIDE LETTERS
(2017)
Article
Neurosciences
Emilce de la Villarmois, Laura A. Gabach, Santiago Bianconi, Maria Belen Poretti, Victoria Occhieppo, Helgi B. Schioth, Valeria P. Carlini, Mariela Fernanda Perez
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Macarena Lorena Herrera, Osvaldo Martin Basmadjian, Eugenia Falomir Lockhart, Franco Juan-Cruz Dolcetti, Claudia Beatriz Herenu, Maria Jose Bellini
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Macarena Lorena Herrera, Osvaldo Martin Basmadjian, Eugenia Falomir-Lockhart, Franco Juan-Cruz Dolcetti, Claudia Beatriz Herenu, Maria Jose Bellini
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Victoria B. Occhieppo, Osvaldo M. Basmadjian, Natalia A. Marchese, M. Jazmin Silvero C, Anahi Rodriguez, Samanta Armonelli, Maria C. Becerra, Gustavo Baiardi, Claudia Bregonzio
Summary: The study found that repeated administration of Ketamine induced long-lasting astrocyte reactivity and morphological alterations, which could be prevented by AT(1)-R blockade. AT(1)-R is involved in the neuroadaptative changes induced by repeated Ketamine administration, but does not interfere with the acute effects.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)