Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Guangli Lu, Zhen Wu, Jia Shang, Zhenxing Xie, Chaoran Chen, Chuning Zhang
Summary: Metformin is the first-line option for treating diabetic patients and has various pharmacological actions, including antitumor, anti-aging, and ovarian protection effects. Recent research has shown that autophagy is a crucial mechanism through which metformin exerts its pharmacological actions, although the effects on autophagy remain inconsistent.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Malgorzata Tokarska-Schlattner, Laurence Kay, Pascale Perret, Raffaella Isola, Stephane Attia, Frederic Lamarche, Cindy Tellier, Cecile Cottet-Rousselle, Amjad Uneisi, Isabelle Hininger-Favier, Marc Foretz, Herve Dubouchaud, Catherine Ghezzi, Christian Zuppinger, Benoit Viollet, Uwe Schlattner
Summary: AMPK, a key regulator of energy homeostasis, plays important roles in maintaining cardiac function under increased workload conditions. Deletion of AMPK genes in cardiomyocytes did not affect heart function under physiological conditions, but led to alterations in response to increased workload. AMPK deletion also resulted in decreased basal metabolic rate and locomotor activity, along with changes in cardiac mitochondrial function and bioenergetics.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joa Kim, Yun-Sung Kim, Sung-Hwan Park
Summary: Metformin, a first-line agent for type 2 diabetes, shows potential as a treatment strategy for Sjogren's syndrome by modulating AMPK and mTOR pathways to enhance immunoregulatory response and ameliorate salivary gland function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dorota Rogacka, Agnieszka Piwkowska
Summary: Podocytes and their foot processes are crucial for regulating glomerular permeability, with disturbances in podocyte function playing a central role in the development of proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy. Metformin, an oral antidiabetic agent, has potential beneficial effects on diabetic kidney function in addition to lowering glucose levels. Additionally, the activation of AMPK is a key mechanism of action of metformin in protecting against pathological changes in podocytes induced by hyperglycemia.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Li Zhang, Xinyang Yu, Yue Wu, Huijia Fu, Ping Xu, Yangxi Zheng, Li Wen, Xiaotao Yang, Fumei Zhang, Mingyu Hu, Hao Wang, Xiyao Liu, Juan Qiao, Chuan Peng, Rufei Gao, Richard Saffery, Yong Fu, Hongbo Qi, Chao Tong, Mark D. Kilby, Philip N. Baker
Summary: The study found that GDM is associated with impaired glycolysis, AMPK activity, GLUT3 expression, and cell survival in the placenta. Hyperglycemia induced similar changes in trophoblasts, and these changes were rescued by AMPK activation. AMPK activation upregulates trophoblast glucose uptake by stimulating GLUT3 translocation, which is beneficial for viability.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Emilia Przygrodzka, Corrine F. Monaco, Michele R. Plewes, Guojuan Li, Jennifer R. Wood, Andrea S. Cupp, John S. Davis
Summary: The study revealed that in bovine luteal cells, autophagy pathway activated by AMPK was increased during PGF2α-induced luteolysis, while the LH/PKA signaling pathway inhibited autophagy.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fiona M. Russell, David Grahame Hardie
Summary: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a crucial role in regulating cellular energy balance by promoting ATP production and inhibiting cell growth. It may restrain aberrant growth before tumorigenesis, but support the survival of cancer cells once cancer has arisen.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kaitlin R. Morrison, Tingting Wang, Kuan Yoow Chan, Eleanor W. Trotter, Ari Gillespie, Michael Z. Michael, Jonathan S. Oakhill, Iain M. Hagan, Janni Petersen
Summary: The expression and activity of AMPK alpha 1 catalytic subunit are significantly associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients. By attenuating mTOR control of AMPK alpha 1, a mutant colorectal cancer cell line with elevated AMPK alpha 1 signaling was generated. This elevated signaling confers hypersensitivity to metformin-induced growth inhibition, suggesting a potential role for metformin in colorectal cancer therapy.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shu-xian Li, Chao Li, Xin-ru Pang, Juan Zhang, Gong-chang Yu, Abrey J. Yeo, Martin F. Lavin, Hua Shao, Qiang Jia, Cheng Peng
Summary: Long-term exposure to crystalline silica particles leads to silicosis, for which there is currently no specific treatment. The study found that metformin can alleviate inflammation and fibrosis in the lungs of silicosis patients by activating autophagy through the AMPK-mTOR pathway.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Cheng Wang, Wencheng Zhang, Wenjing Xu, Zhaoyu Liu, Kai Huang
Summary: This study found that hepatic AMPK alpha 1 plays an essential role in maintaining iron homeostasis by regulating hepcidin through its interaction with PHD2. This discovery provides a new potential approach for treating iron disturbances in chronic diseases.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xueyao Yang, Xin Zhao, Yanfei Liu, Yue Liu, Libo Liu, Ziyu An, Haoran Xing, Jinfan Tian, Xiantao Song
Summary: Studies showed that Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) has a protective effect on the heart in diabetic conditions. The mechanisms underlying diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) include impaired autophagy. The study found that GBE improved DCM by restoring autophagy through modulating the AMPK/mTOR pathway.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Qi Sun, Peng Zhen, Dandan Li, Xiaochen Liu, Xinling Ding, Huihui Liu
Summary: AF inhibits the viability and proliferation of KLE cells and promotes apoptosis and ferroptosis by activating ROS/AMPK/mTOR signaling.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ashley J. Ovens, John W. Scott, Christopher G. Langendorf, Bruce E. Kemp, Jonathan S. Oakhill, William J. Smiles
Summary: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a crucial role in adaptive responses to exercise, and its post-translational modifications extensively influence its activity, subcellular localization, nutrient interactions, and protein stability. Areas for further research include novel regulatory modifications of AMPK and improving characterization of these modifications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Shahira M. Ezzat, Heba M. I. Abdallah, Noha N. Yassen, Rasha A. Radwan, Eman S. Mostafa, Maha M. Salama, Mohamed A. Salem
Summary: The study concluded that the phenolic-rich fraction of Physalis peruviana L. fruits has a protective effect against diabetic nephropathy, potentially through enhancing autophagy and suppressing apoptosis.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Fangjing Xie, Shisan Xu, Yingying Lu, Kin Fung Wong, Lei Sun, Kazi Md Mahmudul Hasan, Alvin C. H. Ma, Gary Tse, Sinai H. C. Manno, Li Tian, Jianbo Yue, Shuk Han Cheng
Summary: The study revealed that metformin enhances autophagic flux in zebrafish heart cryoinjury model, leading to accelerated heart regeneration and transiently enhanced heart function.
NPJ REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
(2021)