Article
Cell Biology
Ruipeng Lei, Andrea Hernandez Garcia, Timothy J. C. Tan, Qi Wen Teo, Yiquan Wang, Xiwen Zhang, Shitong Luo, Satish K. Nair, Jian Peng, Nicholas C. Wu
Summary: Influenza neuraminidase (NA) has different levels of tolerance to mutations, with antigenic regions showing high mutational tolerance and solvent-exposed regions showing low mutational tolerance. Protein stability is an important factor affecting the fitness of NA mutations. The study's findings on NA's evolutionary potential and biophysical constraints provide insights for NA-based vaccine design.
Article
Immunology
Anna Parys, Elien Vandoorn, Jacqueline King, Annika Graaf, Anne Pohlmann, Martin Beer, Timm Harder, Kristien Van Reeth
Summary: A pig farmer in the Netherlands was infected with a Eurasian avian-like swine influenza A(H1N1) virus that was also found in the farmed pigs. Antigenic and genetic characterization of both viruses was conducted. Continued surveillance of swine influenza A viruses is necessary for assessing risks in humans and pigs.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rachel J. Oidtman, Philip Arevalo, Qifang Bi, Lauren McGough, Christopher Joel Russo, Diana Vera Cruz, Marcos Costa Vieira, Katelyn M. Gostic
Summary: Immune imprinting refers to the strongest immune protection gained by individuals against influenza strains encountered earliest in life. Differences in early infection history can explain susceptibility differences associated with birth year. Understanding the impact of cohort effects on strain fitness requires a clear conceptual model linking host susceptibility to past infections.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Zhu-Nan Li, Feng Liu, F. Liaini Gross, Lindsay Kim, Jill Ferdinands, Paul Carney, Jessie Chang, James Stevens, Terrence Tumpey, Min Z. Levine
Summary: A new method for detecting influenza virus antibodies was developed, showing that adults have broader antibody responses, and both vaccination and infection can induce strong antibody responses, including cross-reactive antibodies to novel influenza viruses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tingting Li, Junyu Chen, Qingbing Zheng, Wenhui Xue, Limin Zhang, Rui Rong, Sibo Zhang, Qian Wang, Minqing Hong, Yuyun Zhang, Lingyan Cui, Maozhou He, Zhen Lu, Zhenyong Zhang, Xin Chi, Jinjin Li, Yang Huang, Hong Wang, Jixian Tang, Dong Ying, Lizhi Zhou, Yingbin Wang, Hai Yu, Jun Zhang, Ying Gu, Yixin Chen, Shaowei Li, Ningshao Xia
Summary: Influenza A viruses are a significant global threat, and this study has identified a chimeric monoclonal antibody, C12H5, that offers broad neutralization against H1N1 and H5N1 viruses. The antibody targets a specific epitope on the surface glycoprotein of the virus, leading to control of virus entry and egress. This discovery could have implications for the development of antiviral drugs and broad-protection vaccines against influenza.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anouk Smet, Joao Paulo Portela Catani, Tine Ysenbaert, Amanda Goncalves, Harry Kleanthous, Thorsten U. Vogel, Xavier Saelens, Emma R. Job
Summary: This study demonstrates that NA-specific antibodies can interfere with the replication of A(H1N1)pdm09 in human airway epithelial cells, blocking viral entry and egress. Furthermore, human sera with neuraminidase inhibition activity against A(H1N1)pdm09 N1 can also reduce H6N1 virus infection in HAE cells.
Article
Immunology
Nan Zhang, Keji Quan, Zixuan Chen, Qun Hu, Maoshun Nie, Nuo Xu, Ruyi Gao, Xiaoquan Wang, Tao Qin, Sujuan Chen, Daxin Peng, Xiufan Liu
Summary: Vaccination is a crucial measure against H9N2 avian influenza viruses in China, but continuous antigenic drift of the virus threatens its effectiveness. This study identified molecular markers and antibody escape residues of the virus, and revealed the emergence of a new antigenic branch since 2015.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Pavithra Daulagala, Brian R. Mann, Kathy Leung, Eric H. Y. Lau, Louise Yung, Ruipeng Lei, Sarea I. N. Nizami, Joseph T. Wu, Susan S. Chiu, Rodney S. Daniels, Nicholas C. Wu, David Wentworth, Malik Peiris, Hui-Ling Yen
Summary: Immune imprinting shapes the anti-HA antibody landscape, but the evaluation of anti-HA and anti-NA antibody responses in individuals born within the same birth cohort has been limited. This study characterized NA antigenic variants and found age-dependent imprinting of both anti-HA and anti-NA antibodies. Including NA proteins in influenza vaccine preparations may enhance vaccine efficacy.
Article
Virology
James D. Allen, Ted M. Ross
Summary: Commercial influenza virus vaccines often have difficulties preventing illness caused by antigenically drifted viral variants, but the newly developed COBRA HA antigens can induce broadly reactive antibodies and offer protection against historical H1N1 and H3N2 vaccine strains.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Osamu Kotani, Yasushi Suzuki, Shinji Saito, Akira Ainai, Akira Ueno, Takuya Hemmi, Kaori Sano, Koshiro Tabata, Masaru Yokoyama, Tadaki Suzuki, Hideki Hasegawa, Hironori Sato
Summary: The study characterized the molecular interactions between the anti-HA stalk neutralization antibody F11 and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 HA, revealing that F11 can crosslink two HA monomers by binding to a region near the proteolytic cleavage site of the stalk domain. The F11 binding suppresses the structural dynamics of HA, and mutagenesis led to identification of a unique F11 derivative that can neutralize both F11-sensitive and F11-resistant A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses, suggesting the potential for creating anti-HA stalk antibodies with new phenotypes through in silico guiding experiments.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juan Mena, Rodrigo Tapia, Claudio Verdugo, Luis Avendano, Paulina Parra-Castro, Rafael A. Medina, Gonzalo Barriga, Victor Neira
Summary: Understanding the genetic diversity and evolutionary patterns of pre-pandemic human seasonal influenza viruses in Chile is crucial for public health decision-making. This study found that the diversity of these viruses in Chile was influenced by continuous introductions of new A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 lineages, as well as constant viral exchange between Chile and other countries. These results highlight the importance of ongoing surveillance and prevention efforts in the region.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Gwo-Yu Chuang, Chen-Hsiang Shen, Crystal Sao-Fong Cheung, Jason Gorman, Adrian Creanga, M. Gordon Joyce, Kwanyee Leung, Reda Rawi, Lingshu Wang, Eun Sung Yang, Yongping Yang, Baoshan Zhang, Yi Zhang, Masaru Kanekiyo, Tongqing Zhou, Brandon J. DeKosky, Barney S. Graham, John R. Mascola, Peter D. Kwong
Summary: Sequence signatures of multidonor broadly neutralizing influenza antibodies have been effectively improved through iterative informatics, biochemical, and structural analyses, leading to enhanced accuracy and neutralization capability. These enhanced signatures can identify HV6-1 class antibodies with higher neutralization potency.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Qi Wen Teo, Yiquan Wang, Huibin Lv, Timothy J. C. Tan, Ruipeng Lei, Kevin J. Mao, Nicholas C. Wu
Summary: This study reveals the importance of light-chain and CDR H3 sequences for the HA stem specificity of IGHV1-69 antibodies, providing molecular insights into broadly neutralizing antibody responses to influenza virus and important implications for universal influenza vaccine development.
Article
Immunology
Alison Han, Lindsay Czajkowski, Luz Angela Rosas, Adriana Cervantes-Medina, Yongli Xiao, Monica Gouzoulis, Keith Lumbard, Sally Hunsberger, Susan Reed, Rani Athota, Holly Ann Baus, Amy Lwin, Jerald Sadoff, Jeffery K. Taubenberger, Matthew J. Memoli
Summary: The study suggests that using a monoclonal anti-stalk approach to prevent or treat influenza infection may have limited efficacy, and preexisting anti-NA antibody titers are most predictive of reducing influenza disease.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Phuong Thi Hoang, Quynh Xuan Thi Luong, Seungchan Cho, Yongjun Lee, Kyungho Na, Ramadhani Qurrota Ayun, Thuy Thi Bich Vo, Taehyun Kim, Sukchan Lee
Summary: This study discovered a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) targeting the M2 protein of influenza A H1N1/PR8, which showed neutralizing activity through plaque inhibition in virus replication. The scFv and single-domain V-L proteins were obtained, and a bivalent anti-M2 single-domain V-L antibody was engineered to improve antigen binding. Both mono- and bivalent antibodies exhibited neutralizing activity against influenza virus A.