Article
Microbiology
Oluwatobi Kolawole, Karl De Ruyck, Brett Greer, Julie Meneely, Fiona Doohan, Martin Danaher, Christopher Elliott
Summary: LC-MS/MS analysis of 202 oat crops grown in Ireland revealed key factors influencing mycotoxin prevalence and concentration, including farming system and previous crop. Organic farming systems and planting oats after a previous crop of grass were found to decrease contamination by type A trichothecenes.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Song Yu, Bingxuan Jia, Kailin Li, Haiyan Zhou, Wenshan Lai, Yan Tang, Zheng Yan, Wei Sun, Na Liu, Dianzhen Yu, Aibo Wu
Summary: The majority of mycotoxins found in maize and derived feed samples in China are fumonisin, deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone, often co-occurring with at least two types of mycotoxins. Additionally, zearalenone-14-sulfate and other masked forms of Fusarium mycotoxins were also identified as co-contaminants. The study demonstrated the significant impact of temperature and water activity on potential contamination in maize flour and kernels.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Marcin Bryla, Adam Pierzgalski, Agnieszka Zapasnik, Pascaline Aimee Uwineza, Edyta Ksieniewicz-Wozniak, Marta Modrzewska, Agnieszka Waskiewicz
Summary: This review summarizes the latest research on the toxic secondary metabolites of Fusarium in maize, including modified forms of mycotoxins, the research progress on the health effects, and the development of biological methods to eliminate the presence of mycotoxins.
Review
Horticulture
Laura Galvez, Daniel Palmero
Summary: Fusarium dry rot is a postharvest disease of garlic crops caused by Fusarium proliferatum. Effective crop rotation, using healthy plant material, and providing appropriate postharvest environmental conditions are crucial for controlling the disease severity.
Article
Agronomy
Daniela Simoes, Eugenio Diogo, Eugenia de Andrade
Summary: Maize is an important staple crop worldwide, but it is highly susceptible to fungal infections, particularly by certain species of Fusarium. These infections can lead to significant reductions in yield and quality, as well as the production of mycotoxins. In Portugal and similar Mediterranean countries, F. verticillioides and F. subglutinans are the most common species infecting maize. However, the incidence of diseases and mycotoxin levels have increased, suggesting the presence of other mycotoxigenic Fusarium species or changes in exogenous conditions. Monitoring Fusarium species occurrence in the field is crucial to address these threats. A recent survey in Portugal identified the presence of F. andiyazi in maize crops for the first time, highlighting the need for further studies to prevent its spread and mitigate its impact on maize production and farmers' livelihoods.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mario Masiello, Stefania Somma, Chiara Lo Porto, Fabio Palumbo, Pietro Favia, Francesco Fracassi, Antonio Francesco Logrieco, Antonio Moretti
Summary: Contamination of maize by mycotoxin-producing Fusarium species is a global concern. The ability of F. proliferatum and F. graminearum to translocate within maize plants is poorly understood. Plasma-generated coatings with embedded prothioconazole show promise in protecting maize seedlings from Fusarium infection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Laura Righetti, Chiara Dall'Asta, Luigi Lucini, Paola Battilani
Summary: The study found that under the same environmental conditions, there was higher activation of lipid signaling systems in hybrid H22 compared to H21, suggesting that less susceptible hybrids may have other pathways to limit fumonisin B accumulation. The results highlight the crucial role of oxylipin and sphingolipid signaling in modulating the complex maize response to F. verticillioides infection.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Cheikh Ahmeth Tidiane Dieye, Noel Durand, Sabine Schorr-Galindo, Caroline Strub, Angelique Fontana
Summary: This study aims to investigate the effects of temperature and relative humidity on the interaction between Fusarium graminearum and biocontrol agents (BCAs), particularly on mycotoxin production. The results show that different abiotic factors have contrasting impacts on the growth and mycotoxinogenesis of F. graminearum, and increasing temperature has an opposite effect on the efficacy of BCAs.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jolanta Sinkeviciene, Zivile Taraseviciene, Vytautas Tamutis
Summary: This study aimed to determine the concentration of Fusarium fungi and their mycotoxins in fresh bee pollen stored for different periods. The highest concentrations of fungi and mycotoxins were detected in the pollen stored for 3 days, with levels of 280μg/kg and 120μg/kg, respectively. These findings highlight the importance of microbiological and mycotoxicological analyses in monitoring the production process of bee pollen.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marzia Beccaccioli, Manuel Salustri, Valeria Scala, Matteo Ludovici, Andrea Cacciotti, Simone D'Angeli, Daren W. Brown, Massimo Reverberi
Summary: This study investigated the impact of fumonisins produced by Fusarium verticillioides on maize lipid metabolism, causing the fungal growth to switch from a relatively harmless endophyte to a destructive necrotroph.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Bozana Purar, Ivica Djalovic, Goran Bekavac, Nada Grahovac, Sasa Krstovic, Dragana Latkovic, Elizabet Janic Hajnal, Dragan Zivancev
Summary: High levels of mycotoxins in maize pose a threat to human health, and ozone treatment is an effective method to reduce mycotoxin content. However, ozone treatment causes changes in maize fatty acids, reducing the nutritional value of maize.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Agnieszka Waskiewicz, Malgorzata Muzolf-Panek, Lukasz Stepien, Elzbieta Czembor, Pascaline Aimee Uwineza, Pawel Gornas, Marcin Bryla
Summary: This study analyzed the resistance of four sweet maize cultivars to infection with Fusarium isolates and their mycotoxin contamination. The results showed variations in ear rot levels among different cultivars and isolates. Additionally, the concentrations of fumonisins were positively correlated with the phenotypic evaluation.
Article
Microbiology
Trang Minh Tran, Maarten Ameye, Sofie Landschoot, Frank Devlieghere, Sarah De Saeger, Mia Eeckhout, Kris Audenaert
Summary: This study investigated the virulence variability of Fusarium verticillioides in maize, exploring the involvement of defense pathways in the pathogen-maize interaction using local isolates and germplasm. Results showed that certain genotypes were more susceptible to the pathogen, while others exhibited higher resistance.
Article
Agronomy
Katharina Gasser, Michael Sulyok, Bernhard Spangl, Rudolf Krska, Siegrid Steinkellner, Karin Hage-Ahmed
Summary: The study aimed to identify and study the diversity of Fusarium species in garlic planting and stored material, as well as investigate the production of secondary metabolites. The results showed that F. proliferatum was the main cause of postharvest dry rot in garlic and had strong production of mycotoxins. 25% of commercial garlic bulbs were contaminated with low levels of fumonisin, while 88% were contaminated with moniliformin.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Kilian G. J. Kenngott, Julius Albert, Friederike Meyer-Wolfarth, Gabriele E. Schaumann, Katherine Munoz
Summary: Although mycotoxins are usually considered as food contamination issues, there is also growing interest in them as environmental pollutants. The main sources of trichothecene and zearalenone mycotoxins in the environment are Fusarium infested fields. However, there is currently a lack of analytical methods to determine Fusarium toxins in soil matrices.
Article
Food Science & Technology
C. Verheecke-Vaessen, A. Lopez-Pietro, E. Garcia-Cela, A. Medina, N. Magan
Summary: This study evaluated the intra-species variability of three Fusarium langsethiae strains in response to extreme climate change conditions. It found that elevated temperature and CO2 had significant effects on the lag phases and growth rates of the strains, while drought stress had a smaller impact. In terms of mycotoxin production, T-2 showed the most variability among the strains, with different environmental conditions triggering increases in production.
WORLD MYCOTOXIN JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Urszula Wachowska, Michael Sulyok, Marian Wiwart, Elzbieta Suchowilska, Wolfgang Kandler, Rudolf Krska
Summary: This study determined the content of Fusarium mycotoxins in wheat grain and analyzed the interaction between antagonistic microorganisms and Fusarium pathogens. Integrated fungicide and biological treatments were effective in reducing the production of Fusarium toxins.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Kolawole I. Ayeni, Michael Sulyok, Rudolf Krska, Benedikt Warth, Chibundu N. Ezekiel
Summary: This study evaluated the presence of mycotoxins and other contaminants in complementary foods consumed by Nigerian infants and young children. The results showed that some foods exceeded the EU safety threshold for aflatoxin and fumonisin. Other mycotoxins were also detected. The study emphasizes the importance of storage and hygiene practices during food preparation and feeding.
Article
Water Resources
Benjamin Exton, Francis Hassard, Angel Medina Vaya, Robert Grabowski
Summary: Organic pollution is a global problem that affects river water and aquatic ecosystems. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the polybacterial community of riverbed biofilms before and during a sewage fungus outbreak, in order to develop new biomonitoring approaches. The results showed that the community was dominated by two genera, Rhodoferax and Sphaerotilus, both before and during the outbreak. Genetic data analysis also revealed that the community was largely comprised of bacteria from a single family, Comamonadaceae. These findings suggest that genetic-based fingerprinting could be a promising biosentinel approach for identifying organic pollution inputs and monitoring their ecological impact.
HYDROLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Amal Kahla, Carol Verheecke-Vaessen, Mariluz Delpino-Deelias, Maria Gutierrez-Pozo, Angel Medina, Naresh Magan, Fiona Doohan
Summary: Oats are vulnerable to infection by Fusarium species, which can contaminate the grain with mycotoxins. This study examined the impact of acclimatization to elevated CO2 on the growth and mycotoxin production of these fungi. The results showed that the growth and toxin production of the Fusarium strains were influenced by both elevated CO2 levels and sub-culturing.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Gurkan Tut, Naresh Magan, Xiangming Xu
Summary: This study investigates the impact of temperature, relative humidity, and vapor pressure deficit on the viable populations of Bacillus subtilis QST 713 and Gliocladium catenulatum J1446. The results show a slight decline in the population size of both biocontrol organisms on strawberry and lettuce leaves, but this decline is not statistically significant under general UK agronomy climates. However, the viable populations increase significantly at optimal growth temperatures with high relative humidity. Temperature and dew point have a significant effect on the rate of temporal changes in the viable biocontrol population size.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Felipe Penagos-Tabares, Michael Sulyok, Juan-Ignacio Artavia, Samanta-Irais Flores-Quiroz, Cesar Garzon-Perez, Ezequias Castillo-Lopez, Luis Zavala, Juan-David Orozco, Johannes Faas, Rudolf Krska, Qendrim Zebeli
Summary: This study analyzed a wide range of mycotoxins, phytoestrogens, and other metabolites in dairy feeds from Mexican farms, and found widespread contamination. Fusarium-derived secondary metabolites were the most frequently detected fungal compounds. The most commonly detected mycotoxins in the feeds were zearalenone, fumonisin B1, and deoxynivalenol.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dawid Dygas, Wiktoria Liszkowska, Aleksandra Steglinska, Michael Sulyok, Dorota Kregiel, Joanna Berlowska
Summary: The potential of enriching rapeseed meal (RM) with single-cell protein through fermentation with conventional and unconventional yeasts was investigated. The process improved the protein content, reduced crude fiber content, and enhanced the biotransformation of isoflavone compounds in the waste biomass. The results demonstrate the potential of using RM as a substrate for making nutritionally improved feed components.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Oluwadamilola M. M. Makinde, Michael Sulyok, Rasheed A. A. Adeleke, Rudolf Krska, Chibundu N. N. Ezekiel
Summary: A comprehensive study was conducted to analyze bacterial and biotoxin contaminants in ready-to-eat (RTE) foods in Nigeria. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and dilute-and-shoot LC-MS/MS method were used to profile bacteria and biotoxins, respectively. The study discovered new bacterial isolates and detected various metabolites in the RTE foods. It also found different types of contamination in artisanal and industrially-processed foods, highlighting the need for routine surveillance and food safety education.
Article
Economics
Kenisha Garnett, Joao Delgado, Fiona A. Lickorish, Simon J. T. Pollard, Angel Medina-Vaya, Naresh Magan, Paul Leinster, Leon A. Terry
Summary: Scenarios are used to analyze systemic change in food systems in order to improve the management of uncertainty and shape food policy. This study presents alternative scenarios for the food system in 2035, developed with the Food Standards Agency. The scenarios consider the potential impacts of Brexit and the pandemic on consumer food safety and establish a context for decision-making and policy evaluation.
Article
Horticulture
Lauren Helen Farwell, Greg Deakin, Adrian Lee Harris, Georgina Fagg, Thomas Passey, Carol Verheecke-Vaessen, Naresh Magan, Xiangming Xu
Summary: Raspberry production in the U.K. has increased under polythene cultivation in the past decade, leading to a rise in previously less common diseases such as Cladosporium. This study identified Cladosporium cladosporioides as the predominant species responsible for infecting raspberry fruit, particularly close to harvest in the U.K. and Spain. Only ripe raspberries were found to be susceptible to Cladosporium, resulting in skin lesions. Further research is needed to determine if early stigmata infections could lead to subsequent skin lesion infections.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chris Cook, Naresh Magan, Louisa Robinson-Boyer, Xiangming Xu
Summary: We studied the effect of different temperatures and CO2 levels on the microbiome of apple orchard soil under conventional and organic management. The key difference between the two orchards was the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. The differences between the two orchards had the most significant impact on the bacterial and fungal communities, contributing to a large portion of the variance in Bray-Curtis beta diversity. Elevated CO2 concentration and temperature affected the microbial diversity of organic orchard more than the conventionally managed orchard.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Claudia Lopez Rodriguez, Caroline Strub, Vincent Chochois, Carol Verheecke-Vaessen, Noel Durand, Christophe Jourdan, Angelique Fontana, Tagro Guehi, Angel Medina, Sabine Schorr-Galindo
Summary: This study investigates the changes in mycobiota in coffee during drying process. The results show that the fungal community becomes more diverse after drying, with different species replacing each other. The increased abundance of the ochratoxigenic fungi, A. carbonarius, is correlated with the increased concentration of OTA on coffee.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Dermatology
H. Berger, M. Bacher, R. Labuda, I. M. Eppel, F. Bayer, M. Sulyok, E. Gasparotto, F. Zehetbauer, M. Doppler, H. Gratzl, J. Strauss
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yousef Sultan, Naresh Magan, Angel Medina
Summary: The study evaluated the efficiency of 5 analytical columns with different dimensions to determine fumonisins B-1 and B-2 in corn products. The results showed that the shorter fused core column had the lowest limit of quantification for extracting the toxins from corn, and the clean-up step played a crucial role in enhancing the limit of quantification.
BIOINTERFACE RESEARCH IN APPLIED CHEMISTRY
(2022)