Journal
SMALL
Volume 17, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/smll.201903854
Keywords
ambient air; electrolytes; Li anodes; Li-air batteries; oxygen-selective membranes
Categories
Funding
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Discovery Project [DP180101453]
- ARC-LIEF Grants [LE120100104, LE0237478]
- Distinguished Young Scientists Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [51425301]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21210004, U1601214]
- Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
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Research has found that lithium-air batteries operating in ambient air face challenges such as H2O and CO2, which need to be overcome by improving oxygen-selective membranes, catalysts, and electrolyte alternatives. Furthermore, separator modification and lithium anode protection are important steps in addressing these issues. Challenges and directions for the future development of Li-air batteries are also discussed.
Over the past few years, great attention has been given to nonaqueous lithium-air batteries owing to their ultrahigh theoretical energy density when compared with other energy storage systems. Most of the research interest, however, is dedicated to batteries operating in pure or dry oxygen atmospheres, while Li-air batteries that operate in ambient air still face big challenges. The biggest challenges are H2O and CO2 that exist in ambient air, which can not only form byproducts with discharge products (Li2O2), but also react with the electrolyte and the Li anode. To this end, recent progress in understanding the chemical and electrochemical reactions of Li-air batteries in ambient air is critical for the development and application of true Li-air batteries. Oxygen-selective membranes, multifunctional catalysts, and electrolyte alternatives for ambient air operational Li-air batteries are presented and discussed comprehensively. In addition, separator modification and Li anode protection are covered. Furthermore, the challenges and directions for the future development of Li-air batteries are presented.
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