Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Guangdong Wang, Jian Zhang, Yin Wang, Shixinyi Zhai, Weipeng Hu, Fan Zhang
Summary: This study reproduced the anisotropy of the lattice and proposed a method to weaken stress shielding. By analyzing the numerical results, a method to increase the elastic modulus of the lattice was found, and several models with better compatibility with the elastic/shear modulus of human bone were proposed.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
J. Noronha, M. Leary, M. Qian, E. Kyriakou, M. Brandt
Summary: This study evaluates the feasibility of a single-step additive manufacturing method for fabricating hollow-walled lattices, aiming to achieve greater geometric control and reduce time and cost. The manufacturability of laser powder bed fusion method is explored with different parameters, and the mechanical properties of the hollow-walled lattices are tested. The results will contribute to further comparison between hollow-walled and dense-walled lattices, and provide guidance for future manufacturing technologies.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Bingteng Sun, Xin Yan, Peiqing Liu, Yang Xia, Lin Lu
Summary: This study proposes a parametric plate lattice (PPL) model that generates lattice structures with desired mechanical properties through shape optimization. Validation through simulations and experiments shows that the new lattice structures outperform traditional ones, with larger property space and higher stiffness.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Guohao Zhang, Xufei Lu, Jiaqiang Li, Jing Chen, Xin Lin, Meng Wang, Hua Tan, Weidong Huang
Summary: A novel depositing strategy is designed to preserve equiaxed grains and interrupt the epitaxial growth of columnar grains in metal additive manufacturing, resulting in a superior microstructure and reduced anisotropy.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Radovan Hudak, Marek Schnitzer, Zuzana Orsagova Kralova, Radka Gorejova, Lukas Mitrik, Viktoria Rajtukova, Teodor Toth, Mila Kovacevic, Marcel Riznic, Renata Orinakova, Jozef Zivcak
Summary: This study focuses on porous titanium alloy structures for biomedical applications, examining mechanical properties through static compressive tests on samples with different structures and porosities. High porosity is desirable for bone overgrowth and optimal mechanical properties were observed in samples with specific pore sizes and structures.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaohong Zhan, Qiang Wang, Leilei Wang, Zhuanni Gao, Xingyun Yang
Summary: This study investigates the composite manufacturing process of wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) and laser melting deposition (LMD), characterizes the microstructure and tensile properties of different areas, and elucidates the formation mechanism of the interfacial microstructure.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sheng Huang, Zhenjia Qi, Anfeng Zhang, Xiaoyu Zhang, Qingyu Li, Dichen Li
Summary: This study examines the microstructure and mechanical properties of directed energy deposited Ti6Al4V alloy after inter-layer ultrasonic impact peening and heat treatment. The results demonstrate that the anisotropy of mechanical properties can be reduced by breaking columnar prior-beta grains and spheroidizing primary alpha phases through heat treatment.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Daniel Yoon, Margrethe Ruding, Charlotte A. Guertler, Ruth J. Okamoto, Philip Bayly
Summary: The study aims to design, fabricate, and characterize hydrogel lattice structures with consistent, controllable, anisotropic mechanical properties. Lattices made of three different unit-cell types were printed using stereolithography (SLA) of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA). The mechanical properties of the scaled lattices were measured in shear and compression and compared to those of the unscaled lattices.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zhongpeng Zheng, Xin Jin, Yuchao Bai, Yun Yang, Chenbing Ni, Wen Feng Lu, Hao Wang
Summary: Anisotropies have been found in the microstructure and mechanical properties of SLM Ti-6Al-4V alloy, with the most pronounced anisotropy observed in the 0 degrees scanning strategy. The size of primary columnar crystals on the front surface is significantly larger than that on the top surface, with a microhardness difference of approximately 30%. A modified Johnson-Cook constitutive model for the SLM Ti6Al4V alloy has been developed with good accuracy for modeling and simulation purposes.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Heng Liu, Xin Huang, Shiyu Huang, Lijie Qiao, Yu Yan
Summary: This study compares the corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and tribocorrosion resistance of additive manufactured Ti6Al4V on different planes. The results indicate significant anisotropy in the performance of different planes.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Raffaele Sepe, Alessandro De Luca, Venanzio Giannella, Rosario Borrelli, Stefania Franchitti, Francesco Di Caprio, Francesco Caputo
Summary: This paper experimentally investigates the influence of dimension, building position, and orientation on the mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V trusses. The results show that truss diameter, specimen position, and orientation have an impact on the mechanical properties. Trusses with a diameter of 2 mm manufactured at 45 degrees demonstrate the best performance, while trusses with a diameter of 2 mm manufactured at 90 degrees display the highest elongation at fracture.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
J. Noronha, M. Qian, M. Leary, E. Kyriakou, M. Brandt
Summary: The study explores the potential applications of hollow-walled lattice structures in materials engineering, addressing the lack of comprehensive analysis on these structures. It highlights the unique performance of hollow-walled lattice structures, distinct from dense-walled lattice structures, providing more possibilities for architecture design at the micro to nanoscale levels.
CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Kalaimani Markandan, Chang Quan Lai
Summary: Interest in additive manufacturing of polymers has been growing due to its benefits of customization, reduced wastage, and quick turnaround times. Recent studies have focused on enhancing the performance of 3D printed polymers by incorporating and aligning fillers. This review analyzes the advancements in 3D printing techniques for polymer composites, particularly in controlling filler alignment, and discusses the models used to relate composites' microstructures to their macroscopic mechanical properties. The functional properties and applications of these materials are also summarized.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Long Bai, Yue Xu, Xiaohong Chen, Liming Xin, Junfang Zhang, Kun Li, Yuanxi Sun
Summary: Curving lattice structures, with controllable mechanical properties, low weight, and high strength, offer a promising option for various industries. By introducing a curving lattice design strategy, stress concentration at nodes can be effectively relieved, leading to significant improvements in mechanical properties.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuancai Liu, Tiewei Xu, Shanshan Zhang, Haibin Ji, Binjiang Lv, Ning Cui
Summary: The effect of texture on the anisotropy of tensile properties of SLM-formed and annealed Ti6Al4VE alloy was investigated. The results showed that the fiber texture plays a crucial role in determining the deformation mode and plasticity of the alloy.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Industrial
A. T. Clare, R. S. Mishra, M. Merklein, H. Tan, I. Todd, L. Chechik, J. Li, M. Bambach
Summary: The authors provide a comprehensive insight into the mechanics of additive manufacturing process, discussing how thermodynamics affect microstructure and properties. They also analyze the impact of processing conditions and traditional casting methods on modifying solidification microstructure, as well as discuss the material types and alloy families in powder bed fusion and directed energy deposition.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
M. Brown, R. M'Saoubi, P. Crawforth, A. Mantle, J. McGourlay, H. Ghadbeigi
Summary: The research assessed the impact of an orthogonal milling process on white layer formation and plastic strain distribution, finding that white layers were formed through severe plastic deformation mechanisms, with greater measured strains and depth of plastically deformed material occurring at lower cutting speeds, during climb milling, and when using a larger cutting edge radius and tool flank wear land.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Marius Monoranu, Ria L. Mitchell, Kevin Kerrigan, J. Patrick A. Fairclough, Hassan Ghadbeigi
Summary: The study investigated the effect of particle reinforcements on chip formation and machining induced damage in CFRPs, by modifying the epoxy matrix with silica nanoparticles and rubber microparticles. The presence of particulate fillers affected the chip formation process, with different particle types and concentrations resulting in varying cutting forces and surface metrics. Rubber modified samples showed the least subsurface damage, followed by samples with silica particles and unmodified epoxy samples.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuhe Huang, Junheng Gao, Shuize Wang, Dikai Guan, Yidong Xu, Xiaogang Hu, W. Mark Rainforth, Qiang Zhu, Iain Todd
Summary: The effects of metastability engineering on tuning deformation behavior and mechanisms in TiZrHfTaX high entropy alloys were investigated. It was found that the activation of various deformation mechanisms can be effectively tuned by varying the tantalum content. The comprehensive strengthening effect of transformation induced plasticity and twinning induced plasticity plays a key role in improving the work hardening capability and mechanical performance of the alloys. Based on the current results, the conventional bond order and d-orbital energy level diagram were extended to the high entropy alloys, providing insights for the design of ductile high entropy alloys with expected deformation mechanisms and optimized mechanical performance.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Sam Ashworth, J. Patrick A. Fairclough, James Meredith, Yoshihiro Takikawa, Kevin Kerrigan
Summary: This research investigates the impact of tool wear on the static flexural strength of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) machining. The study finds that the cutting mechanism changes and the surface metrics degrade for an uncoated tool, while the coated tool shows limited changes within a certain range. Tool wear during edge trimming of CFRP using an uncoated carbide tool directly results in a reduction in flexural strength.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lucy Farquhar, George Maddison, Liam Hardwick, Frances Livera, Iain Todd, Russell Goodall
Summary: High Entropy Alloys (HEAs) have stable microstructures and good mechanical properties, especially when manufactured by additive manufacturing. In this study, in-situ alloying during Additive Manufacture was explored as a method for alloy development. Experimental results showed that this method can effectively screen the feasibility of different alloys and identify potential issues.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Nikita Pietrow, David Curtis, Donka Novovic, Jamie McGourlay, Hassan Ghadbeigi
Summary: This study characterized the 3D topography evolution of single-layer cubic boron nitride (cBN) point grinding tools using focus-variation imaging, and used a decision-matrix methodology to identify the most important parameters for monitoring the wear condition of the tools. The best criteria for characterizing the surface texture of electroplated cBN point grinding tool surfaces were also identified, paving the way for on-machine monitoring of tool performance using this imaging technique under manufacturing conditions.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
F. Freeman, L. Chechik, B. Thomas, I. Todd
Summary: Directed energy deposition (DED) is a promising technology for repairing aerospace components, but concerns about variation in microstructure and mechanical properties have limited its adoption. In this study, we developed an industrially-suitable control algorithm using a low-cost coaxial camera and statistical process control techniques to identify representative melt pool images. Testing on long builds confirmed that the control algorithm successfully eliminated component-scale trends in melt pool size and achieved improved mechanical homogeneity.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yuhe Huang, Everth Hernandez -Nava, Xiaogang Hu, Iain Todd, Qiang Zhu
Summary: This study reports an unusual martensitic strain accommodation mechanism in an electron beam processed metastable beta-Ti alloy. The research reveals a fine-grained microstructure with ultrafine laths of martensites embedded within the beta structure. The findings provide an alternative route for utilizing the martensitic strain accommodation mechanism, benefiting additive manufacturing beta-Ti alloy components with desired mechanical performance.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
S. Pedrazzini, M. E. Pek, A. K. Ackerman, Q. Cheng, H. Ali, H. Ghadbeigi, K. Mumtaz, T. Dessolier, T. B. Britton, P. Bajaj, E. Jaegle, B. Gault, A. J. London, E. Galindo-Nava
Summary: This study investigates the effect of temperature on additive manufacturing process of Ti-6Al-4V alloy using laser powder bed fusion. Results show that there is an initial increase in ductility when the temperature is raised to 570 degrees C, followed by a significant decrease at 770 degrees C. Microstructural analysis reveals significant differences across the temperature range, with different phases and segregation of alloying elements observed. It is recommended to perform building operations at temperatures below the sub-transus range and control the build atmosphere to reduce oxygen uptake.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xiao Chen, Han Wu, Jason D. Ede, Geraint W. Jewell, Luke M. Jones, Hassan Ghadbeigi
Summary: Laser cutting is commonly used for manufacturing electrical machine stator cores, but it can cause localized damage in electrical steels. This paper focuses on the magnetic edge damage effect in Cobalt-iron alloys due to laser cutting. Experimental measurements are conducted to develop a model that represents the deterioration of magnetic permeability with distance from the cut edge, considering cumulative damage effects from multiple cuts. The model is validated by predicting the net magnetic behavior of rectangular strips, showing good agreement with measurements.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Mechanical
Carolyn Atkins, L. T. G. (Bart) van de Vorst, Andrew Conley, Szigfrid Farkas, Emmanuel Hugot, Gyorgy Mezo, Katherine Morris, Melanie Roulet, Robert M. Snell, Fabio Tenegi-Sangines, Iain Todd, Afrodisio Vega-Moreno, Hermine Schnetler
Summary: Additive Manufacture (AM), also known as 3D printing, offers the advantage of layer-by-layer construction from a digital design, allowing for increased design-space and the creation of complex structures. The OPTICON A2IM Cookbook serves as a resource for adopting AM in astronomical hardware, with a focus on lightweight mirror fabrication.
ADVANCES IN OPTICAL AND MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION V
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Mechanical
Robert M. Snell, Carolyn Atkins, Hermine Schnetler, Younes Chahid, Mat Beardsley, Michael Harris, Chenxi Zhang, Richard Pears, Ben Thomas, Henry Saunders, Alexander Sloane, George Maddison, Iain Todd
Summary: Fabricating mirrors using additive manufacturing is a promising but under-researched production method. Understanding issues such as porosity's influence on optical properties is essential before fully adopting additive manufacturing for mirror substrates. The study found that eliminating defects relies on a complex interaction of process parameters and material properties, with residual laser heating being a significant factor. Additionally, the use of hot isostatic press was investigated and prototypes of Cassegrain CubeSat were successfully produced.
ADVANCES IN OPTICAL AND MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION V
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Mechanical
Jitsupa Paenoi, Cyril J. Bourgenot, Carolyn Atkins, Robert M. Snell, Iain Todd, Paul White, Kenneth Parkin, David Ryder, Richard Kotlewski, Scott McPhee, Krittapas Chanchaiworawit, Pearachad Chartsiriwattana, Auychai Laoyang, Teerawat Kuha, Apichat Leckngam, Christophe Buisset, Wiphu Rujopakarn, Saran Poshyachinda
Summary: This paper presents the design and fabrication process of lightweight aluminum freeform prototype mirrors, supported by a Thai-led team with UK support, for applications within the Thai Space Consortium satellite series. The prototypes were manufactured using both conventional and additive manufacturing processes, and their optical surfaces were evaluated using optical metrology techniques.
ADVANCES IN OPTICAL AND MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION V
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Abdullah Alharbi, Ashfaq Khan, Iain Todd, Mohamed Ramadan, Kamran Mumtaz
Summary: This research aims to propose a semisolid heat treatment processing window for Pb-40% Sn alloy as feedstock billets for the 3D printing thixo-forming process. By optimizing the temperature and time of the semisolid heating processing window, this method can adapt to different printed output sizes. It provides a versatile manufacturing route for low-cost production of 3D metal parts with high density and complex geometries.
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2022)