Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suresh Govatati, Prahalathan Pichavaram, Arul M. Mani, Raj Kumar, Deepti Sharma, Ari Dienel, Sunita Meena, Michelle A. Puchowicz, Edwards A. Park, Gadiparthi N. Rao
Summary: The study revealed the significant role of 12/15-LOX in high-fat diet-induced weight gain by influencing lipid synthesis and transport, leading to white adipose tissue expansion and increased weight. Modulation of 12/15-LOX metabolism could serve as a potential therapeutic target for weight gain and obesity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Gonzalez-Bohorquez, Isabel M. Gallego Lopez, Baptiste N. Jaeger, Sibylle Pfammatter, Megan Bowers, Clay F. Semenkovich, Sebastian Jessberger
Summary: The fate and behavior of neural progenitor cells play crucial roles in mammalian brain development. This study reveals the importance of de novo lipogenesis, mediated by fatty acid synthase (FASN), in regulating progenitor cell polarity and proliferation during mouse and human brain development.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Hyun Kyung Kim, Yejee Park, Minhye Shin, Jun-Mo Kim, Gwang-woong Go
Summary: Betulinic acid reduces intracellular lipid accumulation and inhibits mTOR/S6K/S6 pathway activity by inhibiting insulin and IGF1 signaling pathways. These findings suggest that betulinic acid may be an effective natural nutraceutical for the treatment of metabolic syndromes.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diego Salagre, Meriem Chayah, Antonio Molina-Carballo, Maria-Jesus Oliveras-Lopez, Antonio Munoz-Hoyos, Miguel Navarro-Alarcon, Gumersindo Fernandez-Vazquez, Ahmad Agil
Summary: The role of melatonin in obesity control is widely accepted, but its mechanism of action is still unclear. This study demonstrated that melatonin increases brown fat in obese diabetic rats by both adipocyte transdifferentiation and de novo differentiation, and also promotes beige MSC adipogenesis in humans.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Han Zeng, Hong Qin, Meng Liao, Enze Zheng, Xiaoqing Luo, Anhua Xiao, Yiyu Li, Lin Chen, Li Wei, Lei Zhao, Xiong Z. Ruan, Ping Yang, Yaxi Chen
Summary: This study found that CD36 plays a role in the development of NAFLD by facilitating the uptake of free fatty acids and enhancing de novo lipogenesis in hepatocytes. CD36 forms a complex with INSIG2, disrupting the interaction between SCAP and INSIG2, leading to the translocation of SREBP1 for processing. These findings provide new evidence for targeting CD36 as a potential therapeutic approach for NAFLD.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Woo Yong Park, Gahee Song, Joon Hak Noh, Taegon Kim, Jae Jin Kim, Seokbeom Hong, Jinbong Park, Jae-Young Um
Summary: The study investigated the pharmacological effect of RSWE on alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) and found that RSWE has the potential to improve AFLD by inhibiting de novo lipogenesis in the liver. Supplementation with RSWE decreased liver fat accumulation and improved tissue structure in both mouse and cell models.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Michael G. Knight, Chika Anekwe, Krystilyn Washington, Eftitan Y. Akam, Emily Wang, Fatima Cody Stanford
Summary: Obesity is a prevalent issue, particularly impacting postmenopausal women; this review delves into the causes, clinical assessment, and treatment methods for obesity in this specific population. Continued focus and research on obesity in this group can help reduce the harm caused by obesity.
MENOPAUSE-THE JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MENOPAUSE SOCIETY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Eloise Cross, David J. Dearlove, Leanne Hodson
Summary: The review discusses the regulation of de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and its relationship with macronutrient composition. It is well established that increased carbohydrate intake promotes DNL, while the effects of fat and protein intake on DNL remain unclear. Further research is needed to understand the interactions between different phenotypes and diets enriched in various macronutrients on hepatic DNL.
CURRENT OPINION IN CLINICAL NUTRITION AND METABOLIC CARE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Xiangyun Tan, Yi Sun, Liang Chen, Junjie Hu, Yan Meng, Ming Yuan, Qi Wang, Shan Li, Guohua Zheng, Zhenpeng Qiu
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of caffeine in a NASH mouse model. The results showed that caffeine improved hepatic steatosis and inflammatory injury by inhibiting two signaling pathways and reducing the production of proinflammatory mediators. These findings suggest that caffeine may be beneficial in the prevention and therapy of NASH.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ting Li, Xiaojie Liu, Xiaoyi Long, Yangyou Li, Jin Xiang, Yuanxia Lv, Xiaoyang Zhao, Shaoqing Shi, Wei Chen
Summary: In this study, the role of brexpiprazole in cell proliferation and lipogenesis in colorectal cancer (CRC) was investigated. Brexpiprazole was found to significantly suppress cell proliferation and lipogenesis in CRC, possibly through the inhibition of SREBP1 and the stimulation of AMPK.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bettina Geidl-Flueck, Philipp A. Gerber
Summary: This article examines the impact of sugar/fructose intake on hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and suggests that fructose is a more potent inducer of hepatic lipogenesis than glucose. The disruption of fructose metabolism under pathological conditions may lead to increased expression of fructolytic and lipogenic enzymes, contributing to ectopic fat deposition and impairment of various metabolic processes.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yawen Lu, Yimeng Chen, Wenxin Hu, Meng Wang, Xiaodong Wen, Jie Yang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) in acute alcohol-induced lipogenesis. The results showed that alcohol challenge induced hepatic lipid deposition and upregulated lipogenic genes, while ACSS2 knockdown blocked histone acetylation and lipogenic gene induction. Ethanol metabolism promoted ACSS2 nuclear import and supported lipogenesis via H3K9 acetylation. In alcohol-feeding mice, liver-specific ACSS2 knockdown blocked the interaction between PCAF and H3K9 and suppressed lipogenic gene induction.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Rosenbaum
Summary: Conventional wisdom suggests that behavioral issues play a significant role in the weight regain following dietary weight loss. However, control of energy stores is regulated by signals from various tissues, and changes in these signals are not voluntary but caused by the reduction of circulating leptin. Successfully maintaining weight loss requires ongoing conscious efforts to decrease energy intake and increase expenditure. Therapy should consider the heterogeneity of individual responses and avoid a one-size-fits-all approach.
GASTROENTEROLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jennifer A. Ligibel, Lori J. Pierce, Catherine M. Bender, Tracy E. Crane, Christina Dieli-Conwright, Judith O. Hopkins, Gregory A. Masters, Caroline Schenkel, Elizabeth Garrett-Mayer, Sweatha Katta, Janette K. Merrill, Jeannine M. Salamone, Abenaa M. Brewster
Summary: This study surveyed oncology patients to assess the importance and practice of diet, exercise, and weight during cancer care. The findings revealed that recommendations from healthcare providers were associated with positive changes in these behaviors.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohsin Ali Khan, Zaw Ali Khan, Fouzia Shoeb, Ghizal Fatima, Rizwan Hasan Khan, Mohammad M. Khan
Summary: Patients with Alzheimer's disease often have insulin resistance in both peripheral tissues and the brain, which can contribute to cognitive dysfunction. Elevated levels of intracellular fatty acids, specifically saturated fatty acids, could induce insulin resistance and inflammation. Regulating de novo lipogenesis may be an effective therapy for improving insulin sensitivity and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stacey L. Simon, Janine Higgins, Edward Melanson, Kenneth P. Wright, Kristen J. Nadeau
Summary: Insufficient sleep in adolescence increases the risk for type 2 diabetes directly through impact on insulin sensitivity and indirectly through increased dietary intake, sedentary activity, and weight gain.
CURRENT DIABETES REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David M. Presby, Michael C. Rudolph, Vanessa D. Sherk, Matthew R. Jackman, Rebecca M. Foright, Kenneth L. Jones, Julie A. Houck, Ginger C. Johnson, Janine A. Higgins, P. Darrell Neufer, Robert H. Eckel, Paul S. MacLean
Summary: This study found that skeletal muscle fat oxidation is reduced during weight loss maintenance and weight regain, leading to downregulation of genes involved in fat metabolism. However, skeletal muscle lipoprotein lipase overexpression may attenuate rapid weight regain by enhancing energy expenditure and maintaining higher levels of genes involved in fat metabolism.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elaine M. Glenny, Michael F. Coleman, Erin D. Giles, Elizabeth A. Wellberg, Stephen D. Hursting
Summary: The relationship between diet, nutrition, and cancer prevention, growth, and treatment response is complex and relies heavily on well-designed rodent models for research. However, translating findings from these models to clinical treatment options faces challenges. Understanding experimental factors, avoiding common pitfalls, and discussing the strengths and limitations of available preclinical models are crucial for progress in cancer research.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUTRITION, VOL 41, 2021
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Carol J. Fabian, Christie A. Befort, Teresa A. Phillips, Jennifer L. Nydegger, Amy L. Kreutzjans, Kandy R. Powers, Trina Metheny, Jennifer R. Klemp, Susan E. Carlson, Debra K. Sullivan, Carola M. Zalles, Erin D. Giles, Stephen D. Hursting, Jinxiang Hu, Bruce F. Kimler
Summary: The study demonstrates that high-dose omega-3 fatty acids combined with a weight-loss intervention can improve biomarkers in high-risk women for breast cancer, particularly in those who achieve more than 10% weight loss.
CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Petter Bjornstad, Kimberly L. Drews, Sonia Caprio, Rose Gubitosi-Klug, David M. Nathan, Bereket Tesfaldet, Jeanie Tryggestad, Neil H. White, Philip Zeitler
Summary: Youth-onset type 2 diabetes patients are at increasing risk of complications over time, with most developing complications by young adulthood. Complications were more common among participants of minority race and ethnic group and those with hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Susan M. Schembre, Michelle R. Jospe, Erin D. Giles, Dorothy D. Sears, Yue Liao, Karen M. Basen-Engquist, Cynthia A. Thomson
Summary: Insulin resistance worsened by obesity is associated with higher incidence of postmenopausal breast cancer. Following a low-glucose eating pattern can improve insulin resistance and other cancer-related biomarkers. These preliminary findings support further testing of this dietary pattern as a potential prevention strategy for breast cancer.
Article
Oncology
Carol J. Fabian, Jennifer R. Klemp, Nicholas J. Marchello, Eric D. Vidoni, Debra K. Sullivan, Jennifer L. Nydegger, Teresa A. Phillips, Amy L. Kreutzjans, Bill Hendry, Christie A. Befort, Lauren Nye, Kandy R. Powers, Stephen D. Hursting, Erin D. Giles, Jill M. Hamilton-Reeves, Bing Li, Bruce F. Kimler
Summary: The study showed that providing training sessions to older, obese, sedentary breast cancer survivors during caloric restriction can safely increase exercise levels, leading to improvements in visceral fat and breast cancer risk biomarkers.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anuhya S. Kotta, Abigail S. Kelling, Karen A. Corleto, Yuxiang Sun, Erin D. Giles
Summary: Ghrelin, a hormone produced and secreted from the stomach, is known as an appetite stimulant, but recent research suggests it may also play a role in cancer progression. This article summarizes the relationships between ghrelin and various cancers and provides important considerations for future research.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lilia Sanchez, Jessica Epps, Steven Wall, Cole McQueen, Scott J. Pearson, Kelly Scribner, Elizabeth A. Wellberg, Erin D. Giles, Monique Rijnkels, Weston W. Porter
Summary: The functionally differentiated mammary gland adapts to extreme levels of stress by activating specific protective mechanisms. The breast tumor suppressor gene SIM2s is identified as a novel regulator of mitophagy, a key component of this stress response.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Erin D. Giles, Sarah A. Purcell, Jessica Olson, Alina Vrieling, Kelly A. Hirko, Kary Woodruff, Mary C. Playdon, Gwendolyn A. Thomas, L. Anne Gilmore, Heather K. Moberly, Annie E. Newell-Fugate
Summary: This bibliometric review examines the role of diet in modifying cancer risk and outcomes. Previous research has focused on the impact of high-fat diets and alcohol on common cancers, but less is known about the role of diet in less prevalent cancers. Emerging trends include studies on nutrient timing, spices, and pre- and probiotics.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rachel E. Baine, David T. Johnston, Misty M. Strain, Melissa K. Henwood, Jacob A. Davis, Joshua A. Reynolds, Erin D. Giles, James W. Grau
Summary: Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) can result from traumatic accidents, often leading to multiple other injuries. While previous research focused on male animals, the increasing incidence of SCI in females necessitates the study of whether pain input poses the same risk to their recovery. This study used two pain models to examine sex differences in SCI recovery and found that noxious input disrupts locomotor performance, increases blood pressure, and impairs long-term recovery in female rats. Interestingly, the impact of injury was greater when hormones were low and nociceptive input had a greater effect on performance and blood pressure in animals injured during estrus.
NEUROTRAUMA REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Elizabeth A. Wellberg, Karen A. Corleto, L. Allyson Checkley, Sonali Jindal, Ginger Johnson, Janine A. Higgins, Sarina Obeid, Steven M. Anderson, Ann D. Thor, Pepper J. Schedin, Paul S. MacLean, Erin D. Giles
Summary: Preventing weight gain after ovariectomy can decrease the development and growth of obesity-associated breast tumors, reduce visceral fat accumulation and insulin resistance. It also decreases the levels of tumor-promoting growth factors and inflammatory cytokines, and reduces the expression of tumor-promoting factors in mammary adipose tissue.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kristine M. Erlandson, Jay Liu, Rachel Johnson, Stephanie Dillon, Catherine M. Jankowski, Miranda Kroehl, Charles E. Robertson, Daniel N. Frank, Yunus Tuncil, Janine Higgins, Bruce Hamaker, Cara C. Wilson
Summary: A 24-week cardiovascular and resistance exercise intervention in older adults led to significant increases in beneficial gut microbiota, such as Bifidobacterium and Oscillospira, and decreased levels of potentially harmful bacteria like Prevotella. Additionally, stool butyrate levels also increased with exercise. Further studies are needed to determine the impact of these changes on the overall health of older adults.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Karen A. Corleto, Tara N. Mahmood, Danilo Landrock, Stephen D. Hursting, Carol J. Fabian, Bruce F. Kimler, Erin D. Giles
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Carol J. Fabian, Christie A. Befort, Debra K. Sullivan, Susan E. Carlson, Jennifer L. Nydegger, Amy L. Kreutzjans, Kandy R. Powers, Teresa A. Phillips, Trina Metheny, Carola M. Zalles, Erin D. Giles, Stephen D. Hursting, Bruce F. Kimler