Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Minjie Chen, Bilian Ke, Jun Zou, Lan Gong, Yan Wang, Chaoran Zhang, Jianjiang Xu, Anji Wei, Jiaxu Hong
Summary: Both the isolated use of fluorometholone and combined use of azelastine and fluorometholone are effective in alleviating the signs and symptoms of severe ACD, but optimal response can be achieved with adjunctive treatment including azelastine.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Allergy
Gaia Bruschi, Daniele Giovanni Ghiglioni, Laura Cozzi, Silvia Osnaghi, Francesco Viola, Paola Marchisio
Summary: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic eye condition that affects both the cornea and the conjunctiva and is commonly seen in young individuals. It is characterized by symptoms such as itching, photophobia, discharge, tearing, foreign body sensation, and corneal ulcers. The diagnosis of VKC is based on clinical evaluation, as no specific biomarkers have been identified. Treatment options include various types of medications, ranging from antihistamines and steroids to cyclosporine and tacrolimus eye drops. Surgical intervention may be required in rare cases to treat ulcers or complications caused by long-term use of steroid eye drops. This systematic literature review provides a comprehensive overview of diagnostic methods, management strategies, and available treatments for VKC.
CLINICAL REVIEWS IN ALLERGY & IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Serge Doan, Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, Jason K. Lee, Salvatore Leonardi, Sara Manti, Susanne Lau, Carmen Rondon, Vibha Sharma, Uwe Pleyer, Xavier Jaumont, Slawomir B. Lazarewicz
Summary: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a severe ocular allergic disease that mainly affects children and is more common in warm and humid regions. Inadequately treated VKC can lead to severe complications and corneal damage. Studies have shown that IgE-mediated and non-IgE-mediated mechanisms are involved in the pathophysiology of VKC.
WORLD ALLERGY ORGANIZATION JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Anuradha Pradhan, Sabyasachi Pattanayak, Jayashree Dora, Praveen Subudhi
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a modified therapeutic protocol for VKC based on Bonini grading system. The results showed significant improvement in symptoms and reduced recurrence rates after following the treatment protocol.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Akira Hirota, Jun Shoji, Noriko Inada, Yukiko Shiraki, Satoru Yamagami
Summary: Treatment with topical tacrolimus ophthalmic suspension for VKC and AKC leads to clinical improvement and stable stages of the diseases. The remission rates increase over time and the need for concomitant administration of steroid eye drops decreases with age. Cluster analysis helps to categorize patients into different subgroups for better understanding of disease characteristics.
Article
Ophthalmology
Ishin Ninomiya, Kenji Yamatoya, Keitaro Mashimo, Akira Matsuda, Ayumi Usui-Ouchi, Yoshihiko Araki, Nobuyuki Ebihara
Summary: This study investigated the role of oncostatin M (OSM) in vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). The results showed that OSM induced epithelial barrier dysfunction and IL-33 production in VKC, playing important roles in severe and prolonged allergic inflammation.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Giuseppe Giannaccare, Costanza Rossi, Massimiliano Borselli, Chiara Bonzano, Giovanna Carnovale Scalzo, Massimo Nicolo, Vincenzo Scorcia, Carlo Enrico Traverso, Aldo Vagge
Summary: This study aimed to report the clinical outcomes of using topical 0.1% ciclosporin cationic emulsion (CsA-CE) on label in children with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). The findings showed that this drug effectively reduced symptoms and improved clinical scores, and it was well tolerated by almost all patients.
OPHTHALMOLOGY AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Smruti Rekha Priyadarshini, Sujata Das
Summary: Management of allergic eye disease is often challenging and lacks a straightforward approach. This online survey aimed to gather opinions from ophthalmologists regarding the preferred treatment patterns for allergic eye disease. The results provided insights into the clinical experience and treatment preferences of ophthalmologists in different scenarios, offering valuable guidance for managing this common and bothersome disease.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Dermatology
C. Zengarini, M. Roda, C. Schiavi, F. Bruni, F. Bardazzi, C. Bellusci, B. Raone
Summary: A clinical case of an atopic patient with severe manifestations impacting quality of life at the cutaneous and ocular site is reported. Conventional treatments were ineffective and omalizumab had to be used to successfully treat the disease.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Pratima Vishwakarma, Sanchita Mitra, Tushar Beuria, Manas Ranjan Barik, Srikant K. Sahu
Summary: This study compared the ocular surface microbiome and antibiotic sensitivity in patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) to those with normal ocular surface. Staphylococcus was found to be the most common ocular surface flora in VKC patients, with higher bacterial load in VKC compared to controls. Increased fluoroquinolone resistance was observed in VKC patients, especially among those with severe grades. Neither fungi nor HSV-1 were detected in VKC or normal ocular surface.
GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Angela Messina, Angelo Palmigiano, Claudia Tosto, Donata Agata Romeo, Luisa Sturiale, Domenico Garozzo, Andrea Leonardi
Summary: The study aimed to investigate tear fluid N-Glycome from patients with VKC and AKC to identify specific changes and potential glyco-biomarkers. Three distinct patterns for CTRL, VKC, and AKC patients were identified in terms of relative intensities for some N-glycans structures, with major variations involving bisecting and hyperfucosylated glycoforms. The tear MS profiles showed rich specific glycoforms, particularly with high fucosylation degree, providing important information for a better understanding of VKC and AKC alterations at the molecular level.
Letter
Ophthalmology
Roberta Jansen de Mello Farias, Monica Elinor Alves Gama, Ronney Mendes, Nyla Tyara Melo Lobao, Luciene Barbosa de Sousa
Summary: This case report highlights the importance of investigating HIV infection in patients with refractory allergic conjunctivitis, as it may reveal potential co-infections that could be contributing to treatment resistance.
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
DeGaulle Chigbu, Bisant A. Labib
Summary: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a complex chronic ocular surface inflammatory condition primarily affecting male children in hot climates, characterized by intense ocular pruritus and a risk of vision loss. Current treatment options are not effective, highlighting the importance of identifying future therapeutic targets.
Review
Biology
Marta Sacchetti, Rocco Plateroti, Alice Bruscolini, Rosalia Giustolisi, Marco Marenco
Summary: Studies on the pathogenesis of VKC suggest that genetic, endocrine, neuronal factors, and an imbalance of innate immunity may be involved in the development of VKC.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Samim Azizi, Yousif Subhi, Marie Louise Roed Rasmussen
Summary: This systematic review examined the surgical treatment methods and effects of shield ulcers in VKC. The results showed that almost all patients experienced resolution or improvement of their ulcers regardless of the surgical approach. However, there is a risk of recurrence and potential side effects, highlighting the importance of careful post-operative treatment and follow-ups.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Antonio Di Zazzo, Giuseppe Varacalli, Chiara De Gregorio, Marco Coassin, Stefano Bonini
Summary: The study compared the clinical outcomes of different surgical approaches in the treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis. The TDALK procedure showed better best-corrected visual acuity and lower high-order aberrations compared to TPK. OPK surgery was found to be the best choice when medical treatment was not effective.
Article
Ophthalmology
Cristina Monterosso, Marco Antonini, Antonio Di Zazzo, Daniele Gaudenzi, Luigi Caretti, Marco Coassin, Emilio Rapizzi
Summary: Femtosecond laser deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty with an innovative anvil profile in keratoconus surgery improves safety and recovery readiness, reducing the incidence of corneal rejection, epithelial defects, and graft failures, leading to better best-corrected visual acuity after suture removal.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Marco Coassin, Tommaso Mori, Antonio Di Zazzo, Maria Poddi, Roberto Sgrulletta, Pasquale Napolitano, Stefano Bonini, Vincenzo Orfeo, Thomas Kohnen
Summary: Implantation of a new non-diffractive extended depth-of-focus intraocular lens with minimonovision resulted in satisfying far, intermediate, and near visual acuity with a consistent reduction of spectacle dependence and improvement in patient's quality of life.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Daniele Gaudenzi, Tommaso Mori, Salvatore Crugliano, Antonella Grasso, Carlo Frontini, Antonella Carducci, Siddharth Yadav, Roberto Sgrulletta, Emiliano Schena, Marco Coassin, Antonio Di Zazzo
Summary: Dry eye disease (DED) is a common condition that leads patients to seek medical attention. Accurate diagnosis is important for relieving patient discomfort and preventing long-term ocular surface damage. Currently, subjective tests may result in variations in diagnosis. However, the use of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and ocular hygrometer provide fast, accurate, and cost-effective diagnostic methods.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Kofi Asiedu, Maria Markoulli, Stefano Bonini, Anthony J. Bron, Murat Dogru, Natalie Kwai, Ann Poynten, Mark D. P. Willcox, Arun Krishnan
Summary: Ocular surface neuropeptides are crucial molecules for maintaining ocular surface integrity and communication between the nervous and immune systems. They play significant roles in diseases by abnormal synthesis, defective receptor signaling, or both.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Antonio Di Zazzo, Marco Coassin, Pier Luigi Surico, Stefano Bonini
Summary: Ageing is the individual plasticity and remodeling capacity to environmental insults and stimuli. The precise mechanism is not fully understood, but several theories including programmed cell death, genetic mutations, the epigenetic clock, wear-and-tear and free radicals have been proposed. The ocular surface is a complex morpho-functional unit composed of different tissues that interact to maintain homeostasis and function. Ageing disrupts this system through inflammaging and immunosenescence, leading to ocular surface failure in older individuals.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Giancarlo Sborgia, Alfredo Niro, Valentina Pastore, Rosa Anna Favale, Alessandra Sborgia, Samuele Gigliola, Gianluigi Giuliani, Maria Oliva Grassi, Marco Coassin, Francesco Aiello, Cristiana Iaculli, Michele Reibaldi, Francesco Boscia, Giovanni Alessio
Summary: This study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of DEX-i for treating unresponsive CME in vitrectomized eyes for endophthalmitis. The results showed that DEX-i had an acceptable safety profile and achieved favorable outcomes.
GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Antonio Di Zazzo, Maria De Piano, Marco Coassin, Tommaso Mori, Bijorn Omar Balzamino, Alessandra Micera
Summary: TLRs expression at the ocular surface of healthy volunteers changes with age, suggesting a physiological role of TLRs in modulating ocular surface immunity. Age-related changes in TLRs may participate in the changes of ocular surface homeostatic mechanisms, leading to inflammAging.
Article
Ophthalmology
Stefano Bonini, Andrea Leonardi
Summary: Ocular allergy is a common eye disease with multiple factors influencing its development. Treatment should be holistic, dynamic, and personalized.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Pasquale Aragona, Giuseppe Giannaccare, Rita Mencucci, Pierangela Rubino, Emilia Cantera, Claudia Yvonne Finocchiaro, Sabrina Vaccaro, Francesco Aiello, Elena Antoniazzi, Stefano Barabino, Stefano Bonini, Gianpaolo Carlini, Chiara Chierego, Rossella Anna Maria Colabelli Gisoldi, Antonio Di Zazzo, Romina Fasciani, Antonella Franch, Giovanna Gabbriellini, Caterina Gagliano, Andrea Leonardi, Angelo Macri, Luigi Mosca, Vincenzo Orfeo, Antonio Pinna, Augusto Pocobelli, Romolo Protti, Paolo Rama, Laura Rania, Miguel Rechichi, Andrea Russo, Vincenzo Scorcia, Leopoldo Spadea, Marco Trentadue, Salvatore Troisi, Piera Versura, Edoardo Villani, Maurizio Rolando
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biology
Andrea De Luca, Alessandro Ferraro, Chiara De Gregorio, Mariateresa Laborante, Marco Coassin, Roberto Sgrulletta, Antonio Di Zazzo
Summary: Dry eye disease is a common and debilitating condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Recent advancements in diagnostic technology for DED have led to the development of several new devices.
Article
Ophthalmology
Annegret Dahlmann-Noor, Stefano Bonini, Dominique Bremond-Gignac, Steffen Heegaard, Andrea Leonardi, Jesus Montero, Eduardo D. Silva
Summary: The EUR-VKC Group has provided guidelines for the assessment, diagnosis, management, referral, and follow-up of VKC patients in order to improve outcomes. They emphasize the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment initiation, and suggest managing VKC according to disease severity.
OPHTHALMOLOGY AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Marco Coassin, Alessandro Arrigo, Federico Ricci, Raffaella Rosa, Roberto Gattegna, Alessandro Pupino, Jose Manuel Benitez Del Castillo, Stefano Bonini
Summary: The technological breakthroughs in mini-invasive vitreo-retinal surgery have improved the perioperative management and outcomes for millions of patients. Common procedures include vitrectomy, episcleral surgery, intravitreal injections, and laser photocoagulation. Postoperative side effects may include ocular surface disbalance and discomfort symptoms.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
