Review
Cell Biology
Michael W. Schleh, Heather L. Caslin, Jamie N. Garcia, Mona Mashayekhi, Gitanjali Srivastava, Anna B. Bradley, Alyssa H. Hasty
Summary: Obesity-associated inflammation is a systemic process that affects all metabolic organs. Cells of the immune system in adipose tissue undergo changes in obesity, indicating their involvement in immune memory and metabolic regulation. Weight loss and weight cycling also have unexpected effects on adipose tissue immune cells.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Ziyu Xu, Li Tao, Hua Su
Summary: This article discusses the issues related to metabolic syndrome and its impact on the kidneys, emphasizing the crucial role of the complement system in metabolic kidney diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Raquel Selma-Gracia, Polona Megusar, Claudia Monika Haros, Jose Moises Laparra Llopis
Summary: The study compared the effects of immunonutritional bioactives from quinoa and chia on high fat diet-induced insulin resistance. Results showed that these products improved hepatic lipid accumulation, glucose homeostasis, and normalized HOMA-IR. These positive effects were associated with positive variations in the peripheral myeloid cells population.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zizheng Li, Ou Qiao, Yuru Wang, Ning Li, Yanhua Gong
Summary: Despite medical advancements, severe trauma remains a critical condition with high mortality. Releases of DAMPs during trauma can lead to immune dysfunction and subsequent sepsis or MODS. Vaccines based on specific pathogen antigens and PAMPs are effective in preventing communicable diseases, while autologous molecule-based vaccines show potential in promoting recovery from non-communicable diseases. Developing vaccines targeting DAMPs could be an effective pre-protective measure for trauma management.
TRENDS IN PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Mavromati, Francois R. Jornayvaz
Summary: Hypothyroidism can lead to dyslipidemia and NAFLD, with potential effectiveness of selective THR-beta agonists in treatment. Interest in therapeutic options targeting these receptors is growing as evidence of their association accumulates.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Xu Wang, Mingyue Liu, Jifeng Zhang, Nicholas K. Brown, Peng Zhang, Yan Zhang, Heng Liu, Xuexiang Du, Wei Wu, Martin Devenport, Weng Tao, Yang Mao-Draayer, Guo-Yun Chen, Y. Eugene Chen, Pan Zheng, Yang Liu
Summary: The study found that the CD24-Siglec-E axis can suppress obesity-related metabolic dysfunction, it is an important immune checkpoint against metaflammation and metabolic disorder.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yanjing Li, Shaojingya Gao, Sirong Shi, Dexuan Xiao, Shuanglin Peng, Yang Gao, Ying Zhu, Yunfeng Lin
Summary: The tFNA-based delivery of resveratrol (RSB) can improve insulin sensitivity and alleviate inflammation in high-fat diet-fed mice by modulating immune responses and macrophage phenotype. The synthesized nanoparticles, tFNAs-RSV, show potential as a therapeutic approach for treating insulin resistance and obesity-related metabolic diseases by targeting immune cell activation and inflammation.
NANO-MICRO LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jingjing Li, Changmai Chen, Wei Zhang, Jing'ai Bi, Guang Yang, Erguang Li
Summary: The study demonstrated that Salsalate treatment leads to reduced body-weight gains, improved glycaemic control, decreased adipose tissue inflammation, and reduced hepatic steatosis in HFD-fed mice. Salsalate was found to promote AMPK activation and suppress adipogenic gene induction, linking its effect against metabolic disorders to these mechanisms.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sandro Altamura, Katja Muedder, Andrea Schlotterer, Thomas Fleming, Elena Heidenreich, Ruiyue Qiu, Hans-Peter Hammes, Peter Nawroth, Martina U. Muckenthaler
Summary: The study reveals that hepatic iron accumulation may exacerbate symptoms related to metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. It suggests that iron depletion strategies in combination with anti-diabetic drugs could potentially improve insulin resistance and diabetic late complications.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Susanne B. Nicholas
Summary: Chronic low-grade inflammation, known as metaflammation or metainflammation, is linked to chronic kidney disease and diabetes. The interplay among hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease has been explored. Therapeutic agents targeting inflammatory processes and signaling pathways have potential for improving the management of DKD, but may be insufficient due to the complex nature of the disease.
ADVANCES IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Julia Beisner, Louisa Filipe Rosa, Valentina Kaden-Volynets, Iris Stolzer, Claudia Guenther, Stephan C. Bischoff
Summary: This study showed that supplementation with inulin or sodium butyrate improved diet-induced liver steatosis in obese mice, reduced weight gain, liver weight, plasma and hepatic triglyceride levels. The supplementation also induced expression of Paneth cell antimicrobials, contributing to improved intestinal barrier function.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sitara Niranjan, Brett E. E. Phillips, Nick Giannoukakis
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. It is becoming a common condition associated with liver disease in the US. The mechanism by which diabetes drives liver disease is a hot topic of discussion and research.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marieh Salavatizadeh, Samira Soltanieh, Amirhossein Ataei Kachouei, Zahra Abdollahi Fallahi, Hamed Kord-Varkaneh, Hossein Poustchi, Asieh Mansour, Mohammad E. Khamseh, Fariba Alaei-Shahmiri, Heitor O. Santos, Azita Hekmatdoost
Summary: Dietary glycemic index (GI) is associated with the odds of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Higher GI diets are associated with increased risk of NAFLD in individuals with T2DM.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Svetlana Spremovic Radenovic, Miljan Pupovac, Mladen Andjic, Jovan Bila, Svetlana Sreckovic, Aleksandra Gudovic, Biljana Dragas, Nebojsa Radunovic
Summary: This review presents the current knowledge in epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostics, and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women. It highlights the associations of insulin resistance, hyperandrogenemia, obesity, adipose tissue dysfunction, and inflammation with the development of NAFLD in PCOS women. Additionally, the possible roles of the gut microbiome, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endocannabinoid system in NAFLD maintenance in PCOS women are discussed.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nella Polidori, Eleonora Agata Grasso, Francesco Chiarelli, Cosimo Giannini
Summary: The impaired plasmatic levels of BCAAs in obese children and adolescents are associated with obesity-related metabolic disorders, potentially through the activation of the mTORC1 complex causing insulin resistance, and the accumulation of toxic metabolites leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and damage to pancreatic cells. These compounds may help in the early identification of complications related to pediatric obesity, but further studies are needed.