Article
Neurosciences
Jing Zhou, Rod L. Walker, Shelly L. Gray, Zachary A. Marcum, Douglas Barthold, James D. Bowen, Wayne McCormick, Susan M. McCurry, Eric B. Larson, Paul K. Crane
Summary: The study found that higher glucose levels are associated with dementia risk, and that hypertension and antihypertensive treatments do not appear to affect this association. Further research is needed to explore the impact of midlife and specific antihypertensive treatments on this relationship.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yu Chen, Yuqing Han, Yiyi Wu, Rutai Hui, Yunyun Yang, Yixuan Zhong, Shuyuan Zhang, Weili Zhang
Summary: This study identifies a genetic variant that is associated with the response of hypertensive patients to antihypertensive drugs, suggesting that this gene might play a role in individual sensitivity to these drugs.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Douglas D. DeCarolis, Amy Gravely, Christine M. Olney, Areef Ishani
Summary: This analysis suggests that long-term exposure to thiazide-type diuretics and renin-angiotensin system blockers is associated with reduced adverse cardiovascular events, while long-term exposure to beta-blockers may increase the risk of cardiovascular events.
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Jun Kyoung, Rohit R. Atluri, Tao Yang
Summary: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in drug metabolism, including antihypertensive drugs, and understanding this interaction may lead to better therapeutic outcomes. Resistant hypertension, a subset of patients with poor response to antihypertensive medications, is linked to the gut microbiota.
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Franz H. Messerli, Chirag Bavishi, Adrian W. Messerli, George C. M. Siontis
Summary: This editorial discusses the association between midlife blood pressure and the severity of white matter hyperintensities in the UK Biobank cohort study.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Hokyou Lee, Yuichiro Yano, So Mi Jemma Cho, Ji Eun Heo, Dong-Wook Kim, Sungha Park, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Hyeon Chang Kim
Summary: Treatment and control rates for high blood pressure are unsatisfactory among young adults, with poor adherence to pharmacological treatment associated with higher risk for future cardiovascular events.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Catherine G. Derington, Adam P. Bress, Andrew E. Moran, William S. Weintraub, Jennifer S. Herrick, William C. Cushman, Ian M. Kronish, Barry Stults, Daichi Shimbo, Paul Muntner, Tom Greene, Jeffrey T. Bates, Tara I. Chang, Lois Anne Katz, Shakaib U. Rehman, Christianne L. Roumie, Leonardo Tamariz, Jordan B. King
Summary: In the SPRINT study, the use of ACE inhibitors or ARBs, thiazide diuretics, and calcium channel blockers in combination is favored to target systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 120 mm Hg, instead of using ACE/ARB monotherapy to target SBP < 140 mm Hg.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Alejandro de la Sierra, Aina Mateu, Manuel Gorostidi, Ernest Vinyoles, Julian Segura, Luis M. Ruilope
Summary: The study found that short-term blood pressure variability significantly increased in treated hypertensive patients using multiple drugs compared to monotherapy. Treatment with calcium channel blockers and diuretics was associated with lower blood pressure variability, while beta blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and angiotensin receptor blockers were associated with higher blood pressure variability. Additionally, combinations including a calcium channel blocker showed lower blood pressure variability compared to those without.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2021)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Siana Jones, Martin G. Schultz, Chloe Park, Therese Tillin, Nishi Chaturvedi, Alun D. Hughes
Summary: This study found that pharmacological antihypertensive treatment does not fully mitigate an exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise in older adults, regardless of resting blood pressure control, suggesting residual cardiovascular disease risk in this population.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Giuseppe Mancia, Rita Facchetti, Fosca Quarti-Trevano, Guido Grassi
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of antihypertensive treatment on office and ambulatory blood pressure in patients with white-coat hypertension (WCH). The results showed that antihypertensive treatment effectively reduced office blood pressure in WCH patients, but had no effect on ambulatory blood pressure. These findings were consistent regardless of the type of treatment used.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yi-Hsin Chu, Zih-Jie Sun, Yin-Fan Chang, Yi-Ching Yang, Chih-Jen Chang, Yu-Tsung Chou, Jin-Shang Wu
Summary: The relationship between the morning blood pressure surge (MBPS) and cardiovascular risk is inconclusive. The aim of this study was to examine factors associated with the MBPS in dippers and non-dippers. The results showed different correlations with the MBPS for dippers and non-dippers, suggesting that the factors associated with the MBPS differ between the two groups.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Brent M. Egan, Susan E. Sutherland, Cynthia Macri, Yi Deng, Ariungeral Gerelchuluun, Michael K. Rakotz, Stanley Campbell
Summary: Adherence to antihypertensive medications declined during sheltering in place for COVID-19, especially among individuals with poor baseline adherence. Interventions to promote adherence should target individuals with poor baseline adherence and those at risk for declining adherence during sheltering.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Erica P. Gunderson, Mara Greenberg, Mai N. Nguyen-Huynh, Cassidy Tierney, James M. Roberts, Alan S. Go, Wei Tao, Stacey E. Alexeeff
Summary: This study reveals the differences in risk of pregnancy-related hypertension based on early pregnancy blood pressure patterns among different racial and ethnic groups. These findings are crucial for individual risk stratification and early intervention strategies.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Masayo Koide, Osama F. Harraz, Fabrice Dabertrand, Thomas A. Longden, Hannah R. Ferris, George C. Wellman, David C. Hill-Eubanks, Adam S. Greenstein, Mark T. Nelson
Summary: Chronic hypertension disrupts brain microcirculation by reducing the activity of the capillary endothelial cell inward-rectifier potassium channel Kir2.1. Amlodipine, a calcium channel blocker, but not losartan, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, can prevent hypertension-related damage to functional hyperemia. The losartan-induced aldosterone breakthrough may lead to elevated plasma aldosterone levels and contribute to the decline in functional hyperemia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nestor Ibarz-Blanch, Diego Morales, Enrique Calvo, Laura Ros-Medina, Begona Muguerza, Francisca Isabel Bravo, Manuel Suarez
Summary: This study reviews the mechanisms of blood pressure regulation by natural antihypertensive compounds and their efficacy depending on consumption time. While many studies have investigated the impact of food-derived compounds such as phenolic compounds or peptides on blood pressure, only a few have addressed the relevance of time consumption. Therefore, further research is needed to fully understand the interactions along the time-nutrition-hypertension axis.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Chiara Fabbri, Julian Mutz, Cathryn M. Lewis, Alessandro Serretti
Summary: This study was the first to comprehensively evaluate the predictors of wellbeing in relation to the history of MDD. The identified variables are important to identify individuals at risk and promote wellbeing.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Alexandra C. Gillett, Bradley S. Jermy, S. Hong Lee, Oliver Pain, David M. Howard, Saskia P. Hagenaars, Ken B. Hanscombe, Jonathan R. Coleman, Cathryn M. Lewis
Summary: This study investigates how genetic contributions to depression can be influenced by the environment. The results suggest that the interaction between genes and the environment plays a limited role in the development of depressive symptoms. The findings highlight the importance of considering both genetic and environmental factors when studying depression.
GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Saloni Dattani, David M. Howard, Cathryn M. Lewis, Pak C. Sham
Summary: As research in genetics has advanced, unexpected findings and inconsistencies have been observed. These inconsistencies can be caused by various factors such as statistical power, quality control, selection bias, and real differences. Statistical artifacts can either manifest as differences between results or conceal underlying differences. Therefore, it is crucial to critically examine these factors in order to understand the mechanisms of traits.
GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Desmond Campbell, Michael James Green, Neil Davies, Evangelia Demou, Laura D. Howe, Sean Harrison, Daniel J. Smith, David M. Howard, Andrew M. McIntosh, Marcus Munafo, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi
Summary: This study used Mendelian randomisation to investigate the causal effect of depression on employment and related outcomes. The results showed that depression liability was associated with increased non-employment, sickness/disability, and early retirement. However, there was little evidence of depression affecting weekly hours worked, household income, or educational attainment. Effective treatment of depression could have important economic benefits.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Andrew D. Grotzinger, Travis T. Mallard, Wonuola A. Akingbuwa, Hill F. Ip, Mark J. Adams, Cathryn M. Lewis, Andrew M. McIntosh, Jakob Grove, Soren Dalsgaard, Klaus-Peter Lesch, Nora Strom, Sandra M. Meier, Manuel Mattheisen, Anders D. Borglum, Ole Mors, Gerome Breen, Phil H. Lee, Kenneth S. Kendler, Jordan W. Smoller, Elliot M. Tucker-Drob, Michel G. Nivard
Summary: A joint analysis of 11 major psychiatric disorders identified four broad factors underlying the genetic correlations among the disorders, along with multiple loci acting on these factors. These findings suggest the presence of genetic overlap among different psychiatric disorders, but also highlight the heterogeneity within each factor. However, a single dimension of genetic risk does not appear to be useful in explaining the biobehavioral correlates or individual variants of psychiatric disorders.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Julia M. Pescarini, Desmond Campbell, Leila D. Amorim, Ila R. Falcao, Andrea J. F. Ferreira, Mirjam Allik, Richard J. Shaw, Deborah C. Malta, M. Sanni Ali, Liam Smeeth, Mauricio L. Barreto, Alastair Leyland, Peter Craig, Estela M. L. Aquino, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi
Summary: The largest conditional cash transfer program in Brazil, Bolsa Familia Programme (BFP), has a small to null effect on premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in the short term. The long-term impact remains unknown.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Drushca Lalloo, Jim Lewsey, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, Ewan B. Macdonald, Desmond Campbell, Evangelia Demou
Summary: This study investigates the mental health outcomes of IT workers compared to other employed individuals. The results suggest that IT workers have lower self-reported anxiety/depression symptoms and are less likely to seek medical help for anxiety/depression. However, within the IT worker subgroup, IT technicians are more likely to have sought medical help for anxiety/depression compared to their occupational counterparts. Additionally, IT workers have a lower incidence of anxiety/depression compared to other employed participants.
ANNALS OF WORK EXPOSURES AND HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Melitah Motlhale, Mazvita Muchengeti, Debbie Bradshaw, Wenlong Carl Chen, Mwiza Gideon Singini, Chantal Babb de Villiers, Cathryn M. M. Lewis, Noemi Bender, Christopher G. G. Mathew, Robert Newton, Tim Waterboer, Elvira Singh, Freddy Sitas
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection, HIV-1 infection, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) rollout in South Africa. The findings show that KSHV seropositivity is higher in males and individuals with HIV, and lower in individuals with higher levels of education. KSHV seroprevalence decreases over time, coinciding with ART rollout and improvements in educational standards and hygiene.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Alyson Zwicker, Janice M. Fullerton, Niamh Mullins, Frances Rice, Danella M. Hafeman, Neeltje E. M. van Haren, Nikita Setiaman, John A. Merranko, Benjamin I. Goldstein, Alessandra G. Ferrera, Emma K. Stapp, Elena de la Serna, Dolores Moreno, Gisela Sugranyes, Sergio Mas Herrero, Gloria Roberts, Claudio Toma, Peter R. Schofield, Howard J. Edenberg, Holly C. Wilcox, Melvin G. McInnis, Victoria Powell, Lukas Propper, Eileen Denovan-Wright, Guy Rouleau, Josefina Castro-Fornieles, Manon H. J. Hillegers, Boris Birmaher, Anita Thapar, Philip B. Mitchell, Cathryn M. Lewis, Martin Alda, John I. Nurnberger, Rudolf Uher
Summary: The authors found that polygenic scores (PGSs) can complement family history to improve identification of risk for major mood and psychotic disorders. PGSs for neuroticism and subjective well-being are significantly associated with the onsets of disorders, and PGSs for psychiatric illness have limited predictive power when family history is known.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Saloni Dattani, Pak C. C. Sham, Bradley S. S. Jermy, Jonathan R. I. Coleman, David M. M. Howard, Cathryn M. M. Lewis
Summary: This study investigates the role of rare genetic variants in psychiatric disorders and finds a moderate genetic correlation between latent traits and case-control phenotypes. Only one common genetic variant associated with schizophrenia is identified, and no other variants, genes, or pathways reach significance thresholds.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Colette E. Christiansen, Ryan Arathimos, Oliver Pain, Mariam Molokhia, Jordana T. Bell, Cathryn M. Lewis
Summary: This study explores the genetic and environmental factors of type 2 diabetes by analyzing subgroups based on age-at-onset and BMI. It identifies 18 genetic variants associated with type 2 diabetes and shows genetic heterogeneity between subgroups. Combined risk scores based on genetic profile, BMI, and age effectively predict diabetes.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2023)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Justin Penner, Jane Hassell, Julianne R. Brown, Kshitij Mankad, Nathaniel Storey, Laura Atkinson, Nisha Ranganathan, Alexander Lennon, Jack C. D. Lee, Dimitrios Champsas, Angelika Kopec, Divya Shah, Cristina Venturini, Garth Dixon, Surjo De, James Hatcher, Kathryn Harris, Kristian Aquilina, Maaike A. Kusters, Karyn Moshal, Delane Shingadia, Austen J. J. Worth, Giovanna Lucchini, Ashirwad Merve, Thomas S. Jacques, Alasdair Bamford, Marios Kaliakatsos, Judith Breuer, Sofia Morfopoulou
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Win Lee Edwin Wong, Chiara Fabbri, Benjamin Laplace, Danyang Li, Roos van Westrhenen, Cathryn M. Lewis, Gavin Stewart Dawe, Allan H. Young
Summary: This study suggests that CYP2C19 genotypes, and consequently metabolic phenotypes, may play a role in determining clinical responses to SSRIs, particularly escitalopram and citalopram. However, further investigation is needed to better understand this relationship.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amy Shakeshaft, Joanna Martin, Charlotte A. Dennison, Lucy Riglin, Cathryn M. Lewis, Michael C. O'Donovan, Anita Thapar
Summary: This study examined the contribution of parental non-transmitted genetic liability to youth emotional problems. The results showed that genetic liability for anxiety, depression, ADHD, and ASD were associated with youth emotional problems, with stronger associations in adolescence. However, there was limited evidence for non-transmitted genetic effects.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Julian Mutz, Cathryn M. Lewis
Summary: This study found that individuals with mental disorders such as anxiety disorder, depression, or bipolar disorder may have shorter telomeres, and the polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for depression are associated with telomere length.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE
(2023)