Article
Food Science & Technology
Zhiying Ouyang, Juncheng Zhu, Yang Cheng, Liangzhe Chen, Yuxin Yang, Liang Ma, Hankun Zhu, Yong Yu, Yuhao Zhang, Hongxia Wang
Summary: Gardenia blue, an unstable gardenia fruit extract, was stabilized in microgels formed by cooperative effects of gelatin, beta-cyclodextrin, and chitooligosaccharide. The microgels exhibited emulsifying ability and were suitable for 3D printing. The interactions between gardenia blue and the microgels, including hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction, contributed to the increased UV irradiation stability. The microgels absorbed onto the oil-water interface and formed high internal phase emulsions with excellent stability and uniform droplet diameters. 3D printing of the emulsions onto food resulted in high shape fidelity.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Cristhian Rafael Lopes Francisco, Tatiana Porto Santos, Rosiane Lopes Cunha
Summary: Conjugation of lupin protein with grape seed extract improved the stabilization of oil-in-water emulsions. Both nano and micro particles of the conjugates were able to stabilize the emulsions, with micro particles showing better stability and gel-like behavior. The dominant stabilizing mechanism of the conjugates was Pickering-type, but other mechanisms may also be involved.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Soham Jariwala, Rong Song, Julie B. Hipp, R. Bertrum Diemer, Norman J. Wagner, Antony N. Beris
Summary: An improved rheological constitutive framework for polydisperse aggregating suspensions is developed, incorporating detailed models for orthokinetic and perikinetic aggregation and shear breakage processes. The framework accurately captures critical properties such as dynamic arrest, viscoelasticity, kinematic hardening, thixotropy, and yield stress, generating a comprehensive range of thixotropic elasto-viscoplastic (TEVP) responses. The model is thermodynamically consistent, with dynamics and timescales determined by internal structural and kinetic variables. The model effectively correlates rheological response with structural descriptors including agglomerate size distribution, mean sizes, fractal dimension, and agglomerate volume fraction. Predictions are validated against extensive shear rheology measurements data for thixotropic suspensions of fumed silica and carbon black.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Marta Stachnik, Monika Sterczynska, Emilia Smarzewska, Anna Ptaszek, Joanna Piepiorka-Stepuk, Oleg Ageev, Marek Jakubowski
Summary: The study on the rheological properties of hot trub in industrial settings revealed that regardless of the raw materials and extract used, all samples exhibited the same rheological properties with different values. The viscosity of hot trub was found to be influenced by both the composition of the raw materials and the temperature.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tianjie Zhang, Donglei Wang, Yang Lu
Summary: This study proposes a physics-informed neural network (PINN) framework, RheologyNet, for predicting the complex rheological behavior of cementitious materials. Numerical experiments show that RheologyNet can accurately and efficiently predict the rheological properties of cementitious materials compared to traditional methods such as fully connected neural network (FNN) and finite element analysis (FEA). Particularly, RheologyNet demonstrates great promise for simulating history-dependent thixotropic behaviors.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jiatong Xu, Pengguang Wang, Baihua Yuan, Hongbin Zhang
Summary: Nanocellulose, a sustainable nanomaterial, has attracted increasing attention due to its versatile applications. This study investigated the viscoelasticity, thixotropy, and yielding behavior of two commonly used nanocelluloses, rod-shaped cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and filamentous cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), to explore their relationship with the structure. The rheological properties of the two suspensions showed strong dependence on concentration and time. CNF suspensions exhibited stronger thixotropy and higher yield stress compared to CNC suspensions, attributed to the higher aspect ratio and stronger structural skeleton of CNF suspensions.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Eylul Mina Aydin, Burhan Kara, Zeynep Basaran Bundur, Nilufer Ozyurt, Ozkan Bebek, Mehmet Ali Gulgun
Summary: In the field of digital concrete manufacturing, researchers have investigated the use of different clay materials to improve rheological properties and printability. This study found that sepiolite was more effective than nano-montmorillonite in improving thixotropy, structural build-up, and recovery. The addition of clay had positive effects on the rheology of fly-ash amended cement-based materials.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hongxia Wang, Zhiying Ouyang, Ludan Hu, Yang Cheng, Juncheng Zhu, Liang Ma, Yuhao Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of nutritional phycocyanin on the properties of high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs). The results showed that the combination of phycocyanin and gelatin improved the stability and extrudability of HIPEs, and enabled high printing definition and shape retention in 3D printing. This research provides important insights for developing customized three-dimensional food with functional thixotropic emulsions.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ruiqi Li, Pengguang Wang, Aiqin Ma, Hongbin Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the time-dependent rheological characteristics of dysphagia management-oriented model polysaccharide solutions and their relationship with structural changes. The results showed that compared to konjac glucomannan solutions, both xanthan gum and carboxymethylated curdlan solutions exhibited significant thixotropic behavior with different timescale responses and concentration dependence. The observed differences in their hysteresis loop area and shape were attributed to their distinct intermolecular association and networks.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Basim Abu-Jdayil, Mamdouh Ghannam, Karam Alsayyed Ahmed, Mohamed Djama
Summary: The study shows that adding chitosan improves the rheological properties of drilling mud, enhancing stability and viscosity, and avoiding the adverse effects of high solid clay concentration.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
David Quashie, David Gordon, Paige Nielsen, Shannon Kelley, Sophie Jermyn, Jamel Ali
Summary: We investigate the influence of polymer size, concentration, and viscoelasticity on the propulsion kinematics of achiral microswimmers. We find that the step-out frequency, orientation angle, and propulsion efficiency of magnetically driven swimmers depend on fluid microstructure, viscosity, and viscoelasticity. Moreover, different propulsion efficiencies are observed between larger four-bead swimmers and smaller 3-bead swimmers. Our findings suggest that swimmers in fluids with significant elasticity are more efficiently propelled, while shear thinning behavior enables efficient propulsion in smaller swimmers. These insights will aid in the design and control of microswimmers for complex fluid applications.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tao Ma, Ranran Cui, Shuyu Lu, Xinna Hu, Bo Xu, Yi Song, Xiaosong Hu
Summary: This study explored the utilization of highly concentrated oil-in-water emulsions to create edible 3D materials, successfully developing a high internal phase Pickering emulsion with excellent stability and printability. The research demonstrated the ability to 3D print high-resolution, high-fidelity shapes under specific conditions.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Miguel Angel Fernandez-Rodriguez, Alberto Martin-Molina, Julia Maldonado-Valderrama
Summary: This review focuses on the use of p(NIPAM) based microgels at interfaces, particularly in mickering emulsions as emulsifiers. It discusses the progressive complexity levels in understanding the behavior of these soft particles at interfaces, leading to the promising responsiveness to stimuli of mickering emulsions.
ADVANCES IN COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Luiza R. M. de Miranda, Flavio H. Marchesini, Karel Lesage, Geert De Schutter
Summary: This research uses a recently proposed constitutive model to describe the evolution of the time-dependent rheological behavior of a cement system employed in 3D concrete printing. The model takes into account both reversible and irreversible effects and is validated using experimental data. Compared to other models in the literature, this work establishes a stronger connection with real experimental quantities, providing supporting evidence for the model.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Bilal Baz, Georges Aouad, Joelle Kleib, David Bulteel, Sebastien Remond
Summary: Experimental study compared 3D printed elements to casted ones in terms of mechanical and durability performance, finding no inter-layer cracking in printed elements and a strong overall specimen performance.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chen Wang, Gaurav Chaudhary, Randy H. Ewoldt, Ralph G. Nuzzo
Summary: The research team successfully fabricated structures with high shape retention at smaller scales using a novel particle-free conductive emulsion ink, achieving complex 3D feature dimensions previously impossible. The printability and post-treatment properties of the ink were evaluated, providing a new approach for applications in soft microelectronics.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Mechanics
Randy H. Ewoldt, Chaimongkol Saengow
Summary: Taking a step away from Newtonian fluid behavior opens up a wide range of possibilities in terms of non-Newtonian fluid properties. This complexity introduces challenges that need to be addressed. The article explores useful rheological complexity, organizing principles, and design methods to answer questions related to the utility and attainment of non-Newtonian properties.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Irene Natalia, Randy H. Ewoldt, Erin Koos
Summary: This study reveals that Hertzian particle contacts are the underlying cause of unexplained noninteger power laws in weakly nonlinear rheology. The noninteger scalings are found to be related to the microstructure and contact angles of capillary suspensions. Additionally, the noninteger scalings of elastic and viscous stresses are associated with Hertzian-like contacts and adhesive-controlled friction, respectively.
JOURNAL OF RHEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Denise Z. L. Ng, Arif Z. Nelson, Gareth Ward, David Lai, Patrick S. Doyle, Saif A. Khan
Summary: Microfluidic droplet-based particle synthesis is an attractive particle engineering technique that improves powder processing and aids in the continuous solid dosage form manufacturing. The study found that the droplet-based processed particles have better flowability, lower cohesion, and less compressibility compared to conventionally synthesized powder. Co-processing the API with polycaprolactone to produce composite microparticles reduces the friction of the powder on stainless steel.
PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Arif Z. Nelson, Yilin Wang, Yushi Wang, Anthony S. Margotta, Robert L. Sammler, Aslin Izmitli, Joshua S. Katz, Jaime Curtis-Fisk, Yongfu Li, Randy H. Ewoldt
Summary: We demonstrate that small unidirectional applied-stresses during temperature-induced gelation dramatically change the gel temperature and the resulting mechanical properties and structure of aqueous methylcellulose (MC). The applied stress makes gelation more difficult and weakens the mechanical properties of the hot gel. In extreme cases, it inhibits the formation of a fully percolated polymer network and leads to the formation of a soft granular yield-stress fluid.
Correction
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Denise Z. L. Ng, Arif Z. Nelson, Gareth Ward, David Lai, Patrick S. Doyle, Saif A. Khan
PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Junrou Huang, Nabil Ramlawi, Grant S. Sheridan, Chen Chen, Randy H. Ewoldt, Paul V. Braun, Christopher M. Evans
Summary: Polymer membranes are commonly used in passive separations with lower energy consumption compared to distillation. Glassy materials are usually chosen for gas separations due to their sensitivity to size differences, while rubbers are used for liquid separations due to solubility differences. In this study, vitrimers (dynamic polymer networks with associative bond exchange) were synthesized with boronic ester crosslinks and different dynamic bond densities, and the diffusion of a large aromatic dye was measured. The results showed that the dynamic bond exchange, accelerated by neighboring nitrogen groups, enhanced penetrant transport by more than 1 order of magnitude. These findings provide a general route for designing polymer membranes with selectivity through dense crosslinking and dynamic covalent chemistry.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Lorena Pineiro-Lago, Nabil Ramlawi, Inmaculada Franco, Clara A. Tovar, Laura Campo-Deano, Randy H. Ewoldt
Summary: The nonlinear rheological properties of Afuega'l Pitu (PDO) cheese atroncau blancu and roxu were studied using large amplitude oscillatory shear stress (LAOStress). All cheeses showed a distinct pseudo-linear LAOS behavior, with rotation being strong and distortion being minimal. The most relevant metrics for comparison between cheeses were found to be linear elastic modulus (G'), critical stress (sigma crit), and strain (gamma crit) amplitudes.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Yilin Wang, Randy H. Ewoldt
Summary: This study examines the different signatures of thixotropy, antithixotropy, and viscoelasticity in hysteresis loops. By using a consistent protocol and experimental measurements, the study establishes distinguishing features for each type of time-dependent response.
JOURNAL OF RHEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Bingqiang Ji, Zhengyu Yang, Zirui Wang, Randy H. Ewoldt, Jie Feng
Summary: Bubble bursting at liquid surfaces is a common phenomenon that has significant implications for interfacial mass transfer and global climate. In this study, the researchers discovered that when a bubble bursts at a viscoelastic surface, a secondary bubble can be entrapped without jet drop ejection, unlike what is observed on a Newtonian surface. They also found that the surface dilatational elastic stress from the viscoelastic surface can retard cavity collapse and damp out precursor waves, leading to wave focusing above the cavity nadir.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Junrou Huang, Grant S. Sheridan, Chen Chen, Nabil Ramlawi, Randy H. Ewoldt, Paul V. Braun, Christopher M. Evans
Summary: The diffusion of two aromatic dyes was studied in ethylene vitrimers with precise linker lengths and borate ester cross-links. The reaction kinetics of the dyes and the role of different cross-linkers were investigated using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP). The results demonstrate the potential of dynamic networks to control penetrant transport through synergistic effects of mesh size, dynamic bond kinetics, and penetrant-network interactions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luke Taylor, Gaurav Chaudhary, Gaurav Jain, Andrew Lowe, Andre Hupe, Atsuko Negishi, Yu Zeng, Randy H. Ewoldt, Douglas S. Fudge
Summary: Hagfishes defend themselves from predators by producing dilute slime that effectively clogs the gills. The mechanisms behind hagfish slime clogging are unclear due to its low solid concentration. This study quantified the clogging performance of hagfish slime at various concentrations, identified the contributions of mucous and thread components, and analyzed the effect of turbulent mixing. The results provide insights into hagfish slime's clogging mechanisms and potential applications in developing unique ultra-soft materials.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sima Asadi, Arif Z. Nelson, Patrick S. Doyle
Summary: Non-spherical hydrogel particles with various shapes can be synthesized by leveraging the yield stress property of viscoplastic fluids. The shape-engineered alginate particles can be controlled by tuning the yield stress of the solution and the nozzle tip orientation.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuqi Lai, Gaurav Chaudhary, Zhelong Jiang, Randy H. Ewoldt, Paul Braun
Summary: Chemical amplification has been successfully used to drive the gelation of a functional polymer solution by amplifying the base concentration and subsequently promoting the complexation of Fe(III) and polymer-bound catechol groups. The concomitant crystallization of dibenzofulvene, a byproduct of base amplification, further contributes to the stiffening of the resultant gel and its temperature-sensitive change in stiffness.
ACS MATERIALS LETTERS
(2022)