Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anouk van den Brink, Maria F. Suarez Peredo F. Rodriguez, Floris Foijer
Summary: Chromosomal instability (CIN) leads to increased chromosomal segregation abnormalities, causing intratumor heterogeneity in most human cancers. CIN can result in mislocalized micronuclei in the cytoplasm, which can be detected by cGAS, leading to an inflammatory response and immune cell activation. The molecular network underlying the CIN-induced inflammatory response is not well understood, and there is emerging evidence that some cancers avoid this immune response. The STAT1, STAT3, and NF-κB signaling cascades are important in the CIN-induced inflammatory response.
CHROMOSOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juliann Shih, Shahab Sarmashghi, Nadja Zhakula-Kostadinova, Shu Zhang, Yohanna Georgis, Stephanie H. Hoyt, Michael S. S. Cuoco, Galen F. F. Gao, Liam F. F. Spurr, Ashton C. C. Berger, Gavin Ha, Veronica Rendo, Hui Shen, Matthew Meyerson, Andrew D. D. Cherniack, Alison M. M. Taylor, Rameen Beroukhim
Summary: A method called BISCUT was developed to identify loci with fitness advantages or disadvantages by analyzing length distributions of telomere- or centromere-bounded copy-number events. These loci were enriched for known cancer driver genes and often specific to certain cell lineages. The study also found that the impact of copy-number alterations on cellular fitness is highly correlated with the frequency of whole-chromosome or whole-arm imbalances.
Review
Oncology
Timothee Olivier, Eugenio Fernandez, Intidhar Labidi-Galy, Pierre-Yves Dietrich, Veronica Rodriguez-Bravo, Giulia Baciarello, Karim Fizazi, Anna Patrikidou
Summary: Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP) represents 2 to 5% of new cancers and presents significant oncological challenges. Despite efforts in precision oncology and molecular analysis, patient outcomes have seen minimal improvement. The biology of CUP remains a complex and unresolved issue, with a lack of true biological signature and effective treatment strategies.
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vera Dugina, Galina Shagieva, Mariya Novikova, Svetlana Lavrushkina, Olga Sokova, Igor Kireev, Pavel Kopnin
Summary: This study investigates the diverse roles of cytoplasmic actins in the progression of chromosomal instability in human breast cancer cells. Beta-cytoplasmic actin depletion leads to chromosomal instability progression, while downregulating gamma-cytoplasmic actin results in chromosome stability and reduced polyploidy and aneuploidy.
Article
Oncology
Monisankar Ghosh, Suchandrima Saha, Julie Bettke, Rachana Nagar, Alejandro Parrales, Tomoo Iwakuma, Adrianus W. M. van der Velden, Luis A. Martinez
Summary: Mtp53 suppresses innate immune response by interfering with cytoplasmic DNA sensing mechanism, leading to altered cytokine production and immune evasion. Restoring TBK1 signaling bypasses mtp53 and restores immune cell function, potentially eliminating mtp53 tumors.
Article
Oncology
Ana P. Ferragut Cardoso, Mayukh Banerjee, Alexandra N. Nail, Angeliki Lykoudi, J. Christopher States
Summary: Genomic instability, caused by genetic alterations, leads to tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance, resulting from defects in DNA damage surveillance mechanisms and repair machinery. miRNA dysregulation may play a crucial role in mediating genome instability and carcinogenesis.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Barbara Gardella, Marianna Francesca Pasquali, Marco La Verde, Stefano Cianci, Marco Torella, Mattia Dominoni
Summary: This study reviewed the interaction between vaginal microbiota, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and the immune response. While some studies struggle to demonstrate the correlation between vaginal microbiota and HPV-related lesions, there is significant evidence suggesting changes in vaginal microbiota in HPV-positive women. The presence of new bacteria, pathway deregulation, and cytokine overexpression are strongly associated with the progression of cervical dysplasia and chronic inflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Stefano J. Mandriota, Andre-Pascal Sappino
Summary: Aluminium, due to its versatility and abundance, is widely used in various products and applications, including cosmetics, food additives, and drinking water purification. However, the safety of aluminium has sparked debates in the scientific community, with increasing concerns about its potential mutagenic effects. This article explores the recent research data and ongoing discussions among scientists, industry, and regulatory bodies.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qin Huo, Siqi Chen, Jialang Zhuang, Chuntao Quan, Yue Wang, Ni Xie
Summary: This study demonstrates that the interaction between SIRT7 and LAP2 alpha plays a critical role in regulating chromosomal instability (CIN) and metastasis in breast cancer. The loss of SIRT7 leads to CIN in breast cancer cells, while degradation of LAP2 alpha also increases CIN in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that SIRT7 promotes breast cancer metastasis through the SIRT7/LAP2 alpha axis. Inhibition of the SIRT7/LAP2 alpha axis may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing breast cancer metastasis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shalaka Patil, Sanika Jahagirdar, Maithilee Khot, Kundan Sengupta
Summary: Chromosomal instability (CIN) is associated with gastrointestinal (GI) tract cancers, and organoids provide a more realistic model to study the interaction between tumor cells and the tissue microenvironment and its impact on chromosomal stability.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Urvi M. Parmar, Manjiri P. Jalgaonkar, Aayush J. Kansara, Manisha J. Oza
Summary: Diabetes and its complications are on the rise globally, and this review focuses on the role of FOXO transcription factors in regulating diabetic complications.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lou Saier, Olivier Peyruchaud
Summary: Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) play a central role in inflammatory diseases and tumor development by promoting a pro-tumor microenvironment. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of CysLTs and their receptors in cancer progression can help develop anti-cancer therapies targeting CysLTs signaling.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Massar Alsamraae, Leah M. Cook
Summary: Metastasis, especially bone metastasis, is a major cause of cancer-related deaths, linked to long-term pain and poor quality of life. Tumor cells alter the bone microenvironment, leading to cancer growth, but bone-targeted therapies have shown limited improvement in patient survival.
CANCER AND METASTASIS REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Ioan T. Bold, Ann-Kathrin Specht, Conrad F. Droste, Alexandra Zielinski, Felix Meyer, Till S. Clauditz, Adrian Muenscher, Stefan Werner, Kai Rothkamm, Cordula Petersen, Kerstin Borgmann
Summary: Functional aneuploidy determined by CIN70 score influences prognosis through the expression of DNA repair proteins. Higher CIN70 scores are associated with increased expression of DNA repair proteins, specifically those involved in DNA replication and repair, which are related to survival. It is the balanced expression and coordinated activation of signaling cascades, rather than individual DNA repair proteins, that determines resistance to therapy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Molly Guscott, Akash Saha, Jovanna Maharaj, Sarah E. McClelland
Summary: Within tumour types, cancerous cells often have an incorrect chromosome number or structure, leading to chromosomal instability and micronucleus formation. These micronuclei can undergo structural changes and membrane rupturing, contributing to metastasis, immune cell activation, and overall tumour progression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bryan Serrels, Niamh McGivern, Marta Canel, Adam Byron, Sarah C. Johnson, Henry J. McSorley, Niall Quinn, David Taggart, Alex Von Kreigsheim, Stephen M. Anderton, Alan Serrels, Margaret C. Frame
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bryan Serrels, Niamh McGivern, Marta Canel, Adam Byron, Sarah C. Johnson, Henry J. McSorley, Niall Quinn, David Taggart, Alex Von Kreigsheim, Stephen M. Anderton, Alan Serrels, Margaret C. Frame
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarah C. Johnson, Sarah E. Mcclelland
