Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Zongyang Li, Yuan Zhang, Xiangbao Meng, Min Li, Weiwei Cao, Junshan Yang, Xudong Xu, Wenlan Liu, Weiping Li, Qian Cai, Sicen Wang, Guoxu Ma, Zhiheng Liu, Guodong Huang
Summary: The DPP-4 inhibitor Gramcyclin A enhances GLP-1 signaling and shows protective effects against Alzheimer's disease by reversing cognitive decline, reducing abnormal deposits in the brain, suppressing neuroinflammation, and increasing glucose uptake in the brain.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Wei Song, Chen Song, Li Li, Tianyi Wang, Jinhong Hu, Lina Zhu, Tianli Yue
Summary: The study found that three Lactobacillus strains have inhibitory effects on obesity induced by high-fat diet, reducing weight gain and adipose accumulation, while also improving hepatic steatosis. These probiotics also regulated serum lipid levels and adipocytokines, and altered the diversity of gut microbiota.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dai-Ting Lin, Ning-Juo Kao, Tzu-Wen Liu Cross, Wei-Ju Lee, Shyh-Hsiang Lin
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a ketogenic diet (medium chain triglyceride, MCT) on cognitive performance after long-term consumption of a high-fat-high-cholesterol diet. The results showed that the MCT diet improved spatial learning and memory performance, reduced expression of inflammatory proteins, and increased expression of neurotrophic factors compared to the high-fat-high-cholesterol diet. This suggests that the MCT diet may help slow down neurodegeneration.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Hongyoon Choi, Yoori Choi, Eun Ji Lee, Hyun Kim, Youngsun Lee, Seokjun Kwon, Do Won Hwang, Dong Soo Lee
Summary: The study identified the metabolic reconfiguration of microglia in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease, which was closely associated with increased glucose uptake, suggesting FDG PET imaging as a feasible surrogate marker for microglia-mediated inflammation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sara Castro-Barquero, Rosa Casas, Eric B. Rimm, Anna Tresserra-Rimbau, Dora Romaguera, J. Alfredo Martinez, Jordi Salas-Salvado, Miguel A. Martinez-Gonzalez, Josep Vidal, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Jadwiga Konieczna, Emilio Sacanella, Jesus Francisco Garcia-Gavilan, Montse Fito, Ana Garcia-Arellano, Ramon Estruch
Summary: This study found that excessive visceral adipose tissue is associated with increased secretion of pro-inflammatory molecules, leading to systemic inflammation and obesity-related metabolic disturbances. The reduction in visceral adipose tissue is associated with improvements in various inflammatory and adiposity markers, especially insulin, c-peptide, and PAI-1 levels, which may contribute to a decrease in cardiometabolic disturbances observed in obesity.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sanne S. Mooldijk, Mohammad Kamran Ikram, Mohammad Arfan Ikram
Summary: This study examined the association between plasma levels of adiponectin, leptin, and resistin with the risk of dementia. The results showed that higher levels of leptin and resistin were associated with a decreased risk of dementia, while adiponectin levels were not associated.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Liming Shen, Xiaoxiao Tang, Huajie Zhang, Hongbin Zhuang, Jing Lin, Yuxi Zhao, Xukun Liu
Summary: This study analyzed the eye tissues of 2- and 6-month-old triple transgenic AD (3 x Tg-AD) male mice and identified differential metabolites associated with various metabolic pathways. The results showed that the eye tissues of 3 x Tg-AD mice underwent changes in the early stages of the disease, and these changes were more pronounced at 6 months of age. The joint analysis with previous hippocampal study revealed similar differential metabolites and mechanisms, but with tissue specificity.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Chun-Sun Jiang, Tapasi Rana, Lee-Way Jin, Susan A. Farr, John E. Morley, Hongwei Qin, Gang Liu, Rui-Ming Liu
Summary: The exact cause of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is still unknown, but there is evidence suggesting that cellular senescence plays an important role in its pathophysiology. This study found that the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) is increased in the brain cells of LOAD patients and SAMP8 mice, along with the expression of cell cycle repressors p53 and p21. Further in vitro studies showed that PAI-1 overexpression induced senescence, while inhibition or silencing of PAI-1 attenuated senescence in astrocytes and reduced neuron apoptosis induced by senescent astrocytes.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Zhao Yang, Jianan Jiang, Miao Chen, Jiaqi Huang, Jing Liu, Xiaojing Wei, Ru Jia, Lin Song, Bo Sun, Xiao Luo, Qing Song, Zhen Han
Summary: This study characterizes the changes in adipose tissue remodeling and adipokines expression induced by high-fat diet in the offspring of mice. The findings suggest that maternal high-fat diet has a more pronounced effect on metabolic changes in male offspring compared to females.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara Sarroca, Alao Gatius, Eduard Rodriguez-Farre, David Vilchez, Merce Pallas, Christian Grinan-Ferre, Coral Sanfeliu, Ruben Corpas
Summary: Research suggests that resveratrol has protective effects against Alzheimer's disease pathology induced by high-fat diet, including improving memory loss, reducing amyloid burden, and preventing tau pathology. It inhibits amyloidogenic processing and restores abnormal proteolytic activity in the brain, potentially serving as a therapeutic agent for obesity-related disorders and AD pathology.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Angela Guzzardi, Maria Carmen Collado, Daniele Panetta, Maria Tripodi, Patricia Iozzo
Summary: Maternal obesity can result in metabolic dysfunction in offspring, and imaging techniques can be used to assess adipose tissue function. This study found that maternal high-fat diet led to early abnormalities in adipose tissue and later variations in adipose tissue and gut microbiota, providing insight into inter-individual variability in fetal programming and the higher rates of type 2 diabetes in adult women born to obese mothers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiang Chen, Anran Fan, Song Li, Yan Xiao, Yanlin Fu, Jun-Sheng Chen, Dan Zi, Ling-Hui Zeng, Jun Tan
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, is characterized by the presence of extracellular senile plaques composed of beta-amyloid peptides and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles containing phosphorylated-tau protein. This study has demonstrated the interaction between soluble tau and the N-terminal of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in vitro and in vivo, as well as the involvement of APP in the cellular uptake of tau through endocytosis. Targeting the pathological interaction between N-terminal APP and tau could be a promising therapeutic strategy for AD.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Junghee Ha, Seyul Kwak, Keun You Kim, Hyunjeong Kim, So Yeon Cho, Minae Kim, Jun-Young Lee, Eosu Kim
Summary: Obesity may influence the relationship between adipokines and cognitive function, with leptin resistance playing a role in this association. In older adults with metabolic stress, leptin-to-adiponectin ratio (LAR) may be a better indicator of Alzheimer's disease risk.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Mengfei Xiong, Sahar Roshanbin, Johanna Rokka, Eva Schlein, Martin Ingelsson, Dag Sehlin, Jonas Eriksson, Stina Syvanen
Summary: The study investigated synaptic density in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease using [C-11]UCB-J PET, suggesting that the PET imaging reflects synaptic density in mouse models of neurodegeneration with large inter-subject variation. Additionally, the study proposed that the model-independent AUCbrain/blood ratio can be used to evaluate [C-11]UCB-J binding as an alternative to full pharmacokinetic modeling.
Article
Cell Biology
Yujie Guo, Xiaojun Ma, Pengfei Li, Shengqi Dong, Xiaochen Huang, Xiuwen Ren, Linhong Yuan
Summary: The study found that exposure to a high-fat diet led to metabolic dysfunction and neuropathological impairments in murine models, with decreased glucose transporter protein expression contributing to cognitive decline and neuropathological developments.
Review
Biology
Andrea Borghini, Cecilia Vecoli, Luca Labate, Daniele Panetta, Maria Grazia Andreassi, Leonida A. Gizzi
Summary: FLASH radiotherapy is considered a breakthrough in cancer treatment, delivering ultrahigh radiation doses in a short time while sparing normal tissues. Preclinical studies show reduced toxicity and equivalent tumor responses, but further research is needed to understand the molecular radiobiology of the FLASH effect. Collaborative efforts across disciplines are crucial for rapid clinical translation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ugo Covani, Enrica Giammarinaro, Daniele Panetta, Piero A. Salvadori, Saverio Cosola, Simone Marconcini
Summary: The study evaluated alveolar bone remodeling after tooth extraction in a rabbit model, with or without the use of a collagen plug, through micro-computed tomography. It found that sockets treated with the collagen plug showed significantly less dimensional resorption compared to the natural-healing group.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Angela Guzzardi, Maria Carmen Collado, Daniele Panetta, Maria Tripodi, Patricia Iozzo
Summary: Maternal obesity can result in metabolic dysfunction in offspring, and imaging techniques can be used to assess adipose tissue function. This study found that maternal high-fat diet led to early abnormalities in adipose tissue and later variations in adipose tissue and gut microbiota, providing insight into inter-individual variability in fetal programming and the higher rates of type 2 diabetes in adult women born to obese mothers.
Article
Anthropology
C. Gravel-Miguel, E. Cristiani, J. Hodgkins, C. M. Orr, D. S. Strait, M. Peresani, S. Benazzi, G. Pothier-Bouchard, H. M. Keller, D. Meyer, D. Drohobytsky, S. Talamo, D. Panetta, A. Zupancich, C. E. Miller, F. Negrino, J. Riel-Salvatore
Summary: Personal ornaments are considered important symbols of social identity and individuality. This article presents a detailed analysis of the ornaments found in association with an Early Mesolithic buried infant, providing insights into their use, perforation, and their deposition in the grave. The study sheds light on the use of beads in the Early Mesolithic period and their significance to young individuals.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL METHOD AND THEORY
(2023)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Giulio Giovannetti, Andrea Guerrini, Simona Minozzi, Daniele Panetta, Piero A. Salvadori
Summary: This review discusses the emerging role of imaging based on Magnetic Resonance (MR) and Computer Tomography (CT) in the study of ancient remains and mummies, as well as the complementarity of CT and MR in paleoradiology. It highlights the state of the art of emerging strategies in the use of CT/MR combination for the study of samples.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniele Panetta, Maria Angela Guzzardi, Federica La Rosa, Federico Granziera, Domiziana Terlizzi, Claudia Kusmic, Patricia Iozzo
Summary: This paper describes a bimodal cardiac PET/CT imaging protocol for experimental mouse and/or rat models of cardiac diseases, which can be executed within the same anesthesia induction without the need to reposition the animal between different scanners.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Maria Angela Guzzardi, Federica La Rosa, Patricia Iozzo
Summary: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health concern, with increasing prevalence and premature onset in children. Preventive strategies should start early in life and address conditions like obesity and metabolic syndrome. Gut microbiota is an emerging target in obesity, diabetes, and neurocognitive diseases that can be safely modulated since pregnancy and infancy.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Filippo Cademartiri, Antonella Meloni, Laura Pistoia, Giulia Degiorgi, Alberto Clemente, Carmelo De Gori, Vincenzo Positano, Simona Celi, Sergio Berti, Michele Emdin, Daniele Panetta, Luca Menichetti, Bruna Punzo, Carlo Cavaliere, Eduardo Bossone, Luca Saba, Riccardo Cau, Ludovico La Grutta, Erica Maffei
Summary: Photon-counting detector (PCD) is a novel computed tomography detector technology that has many advantages in the neurovascular field, such as increased spatial resolution, reduced radiation exposure, and optimization of contrast agents and material decomposition. This overview of literature on PCCT describes the principles, advantages, and disadvantages of conventional detectors and PCDs, and focuses specifically on its implementation in the neurovascular field.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Antonella Meloni, Filippo Cademartiri, Laura Pistoia, Giulia Degiorgi, Alberto Clemente, Carmelo De Gori, Vincenzo Positano, Simona Celi, Sergio Berti, Michele Emdin, Daniele Panetta, Luca Menichetti, Bruna Punzo, Carlo Cavaliere, Eduardo Bossone, Luca Saba, Riccardo Cau, Ludovico La Grutta, Erica Maffei
Summary: Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) is an emerging technology that is expected to revolutionize clinical CT imaging. PCCT offers various advantages over conventional CT, which can be utilized to enhance and broaden the diagnostic capabilities of CT angiography. This article discusses the potential opportunities and promising future applications of PCCT in vascular imaging.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Filippo Cademartiri, Antonella Meloni, Laura Pistoia, Giulia Degiorgi, Alberto Clemente, Carmelo De Gori, Vincenzo Positano, Simona Celi, Sergio Berti, Michele Emdin, Daniele Panetta, Luca Menichetti, Bruna Punzo, Carlo Cavaliere, Eduardo Bossone, Luca Saba, Riccardo Cau, Ludovico La Grutta, Erica Maffei
Summary: The photon-counting detector (PCD) is a new technology that provides significant benefits for cardiac and coronary artery imaging. Compared with conventional CT, PCCT has improved capabilities such as multi-energy capability, increased spatial resolution, reduced radiation exposure, and optimized use of contrast agents. It also overcomes limitations of traditional CCT/CCTA, such as reducing artifacts and enabling more precise assessment of stenosis and plaque characteristics. PCCT also has potential applications in characterizing myocardial tissue using a double-contrast agent.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Antonella Meloni, Francesca Frijia, Daniele Panetta, Giulia Degiorgi, Carmelo De Gori, Erica Maffei, Alberto Clemente, Vincenzo Positano, Filippo Cademartiri
Summary: Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) is a new advanced imaging technique that offers improved spatial and contrast resolution, reduced image noise and artifacts, reduced radiation exposure, and multi-energy/multi-parametric imaging based on tissue properties. It has the potential to transform the standard clinical use of computed tomography (CT) imaging.
Article
Anthropology
Gregorio Oxilia, Eugenio Bortolini, Giulia Marciani, Jessica Cristina Menghi Sartorio, Antonino Vazzana, Matteo Bettuzzi, Daniele Panetta, Simona Arrighi, Federica Badino, Carla Figus, Federico Lugli, Matteo Romandini, Sara Silvestrini, Rita Sorrentino, Adriana Moroni, Carlo Donadio, Maria Pia Morigi, Viviane Slon, Marcello Piperno, Sahra Talamo, Carmine Collina, Stefano Benazzi
Summary: This research focuses on two human teeth found in southern Italy, using 3D geometric morphometric methods for taxonomical attribution and obtaining new radiometric dates. The study confirms a Neanderthal presence in southern Italy and shows a later shift to upper Paleolithic technology in southwestern Italy compared to the earliest Uluzzian evidence in Puglia, Italy.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2022)