Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emmanuel Quaye, Shaji Chacko, Stephanie T. Chung, Robert J. Brychta, Kong Y. Chen, Rebecca J. Brown
Summary: This study demonstrates that gluconeogenesis accounts for a significant portion of energy expenditure in patients with insulin resistance, potentially one-third of resting energy expenditure. Prediction equations may underestimate caloric needs in these individuals.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Fatima G. Velazquez-Gonzalez, Mercedes Urquiza-Martinez, Raul Manhaes-de-Castro, Pedro A. Romero-Juarez, Zaira I. Bedolla-Valdez, Juan M. Ponce-Perez, Estefania Farias-Gaytan, Maria S. Vazquez-Garciduenas, Gerardo Vazquez-Marrufo, Ana E. Toscano, Luz Torner, Jose Perez-Villarreal, Omar Guzman-Quevedo
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the functional effects of avocado seed on diet-induced obese mice. The results showed that supplementation with avocado seed led to reduced body weight, delayed satiety, increased physical activity, and induced specific gene expressions in hypothalamus and white adipose tissue. This suggests that avocado seed could be a potential raw material for the development of functional foods.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Li Li, Xiantong Zou, Qi Huang, Xueyao Han, Xianghai Zhou, Linong Ji
Summary: This study compared the relationship between beta-cell function and insulin resistance among individuals with NGT in African, Caucasian, and East Asian populations. Results showed that East Asians had lower HOMA-B but similar beta-cell response relative to insulin resistance with Caucasians and Africans when age, BMI, and gender were controlled.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rongya Tao, Oliver Stohr, Caixia Wang, Wei Qiu, Kyle D. Copps, Morris F. White
Summary: This study found that disruption of hepatic insulin signaling can reduce adipose mass and increase energy expenditure in mice, preventing obesity. Moreover, a protein called Fst produced by the liver was found to regulate energy expenditure through its effects on muscles, revealing the important communication between the liver and muscles in controlling energy balance and obesity.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jamil Said, David Lagat, Allan Kimaina, Chrispine Oduor
Summary: The study examined the relationship between serum vitamin D, insulin resistance, and beta cell function in a subpopulation of black Kenyan T2DM patients, and found that 74.1% of patients had vitamin D deficiency, which was positively correlated with beta cell function. The results indicate that beta cell dysfunction is more prominent than insulin resistance in this population.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jennifer L. Rosenbaum, Susan J. Melhorn, Stefan Schoen, Mary F. Webb, Mary Rosalynn B. De Leon, Madelaine Humphreys, Kristina M. Utzschneider, Ellen A. Schur
Summary: This study found significantly higher T2 relaxation times in the MBH in groups with IGT and T2D compared to those with normal glucose tolerance, independent of adiposity. Positive linear associations were found between T2 relaxation time in the MBH and various markers of glucose homeostasis, while negative linear relationships were found with markers of insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function. In a prospective cohort study, higher MBH T2 relaxation times predicted declining insulin sensitivity over 1 year.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jennifer L. Rosenbaum, Susan J. Melhorn, Stefan Schoen, Mary F. Webb, Mary Rosalynn B. De Leon, Madelaine Humphreys, Kristina M. Utzschneider, Ellen A. Schur
Summary: This study found that radiologic markers of gliosis in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) were greater in individuals with obesity and impaired glucose homeostasis or T2D. The findings suggest a role for hypothalamic gliosis in the progression of insulin resistance and T2D pathogenesis in humans.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Annaliese Widmer, Margaret G. Mercante, Heidi J. Silver
Summary: This study aimed to determine the contribution of cardiometabolic biomarkers to the variation in resting energy expenditure (REE) in individuals with different body mass index (BMI) categories and to assess their contribution in predicting REE based on glycemic and metabolic syndrome status. The results showed that the TG/HDL ratio is an independent predictor of REE. Calculating the TG/HDL ratio can help healthcare providers identify patients with impaired lipid metabolism and optimize REE estimation for weight and disease management goals.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonio J. Lopez-Gambero, Cristina Rosell-Valle, Dina Medina-Vera, Juan Antonio Navarro, Antonio Vargas, Patricia Rivera, Carlos Sanjuan, Fernando Rodriguez de Fonseca, Juan Suarez
Summary: The study using the 5xFAD mouse model found neuroinflammation and metabolic dysfunction in the hypothalamus of AD model mice, leading to negative energy balance and potentially contributing to the development of AD pathogenesis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marta Borges-Canha, Joao Sergio Neves, Fernando Mendonca, Maria Manuel Silva, Claudia Costa, Pedro M. Cabral, Vanessa Guerreiro, Rita Lourenco, Patricia Meira, Daniela Salazar, Maria Joao Ferreira, Jorge Pedro, Ebrahim Barkoudah, Ana Sande, Eva Lau, Selma B. Souto, John Preto, Paula Freitas, Davide Carvalho
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between beta cell function and total body weight loss (TBWL%) 1 to 4 years after bariatric surgery in patients with morbid obesity. The results showed that baseline beta cell function was associated with long-term weight loss, especially after the first year post-surgery. This may be a helpful predictor of weight loss in clinical practice.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Haiyan Yang, Jie Lin, He Li, Zhangwei Liu, Xia Chen, Qianqian Chen
Summary: The study revealed that infertile women with PCOS have lower serum PRL levels within the normal range, which are associated with a higher incidence of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction. Additionally, serum PRL levels were positively correlated with HDL-C and negatively correlated with various anthropometric parameters, sex hormones, fasting lipids, and hepatic biological parameters. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that LH, LH/FSH, E-2, FINS, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-beta were negatively associated with serum PRL after adjusting for age and BMI.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jonas Ellerbrock, Benthe Spaanderman, Joris van Drongelen, Eva Mulder, Veronica Lopes van Balen, Veronique Schiffer, Laura Jorissen, Robert-Jan Alers, Jeanine Leenen, Chahinda Ghossein-Doha, Marc Spaanderman
Summary: This study found that both high insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction increase the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in second-trimester pregnant women. Additionally, high insulin resistance is associated with the need for additional glucose lowering medication, especially in women diagnosed with GDM who do not respond well to a low carbohydrate diet. Therefore, insulin sensitizers may be the most targeted therapeutic modality for diet-insensitive GDM patients.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emanuela Di Murro, Gianfranco Di Giuseppe, Laura Soldovieri, Simona Moffa, Ilaria Improta, Umberto Capece, Enrico Celestino Nista, Francesca Cinti, Gea Ciccarelli, Michela Brunetti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Alfredo Pontecorvi, Andrea Giaccari, Teresa Mezza
Summary: Type 2 diabetes is a prevalent disease globally. Lifestyle interventions, particularly exercise, play a crucial role in diabetes management. However, adherence to physical activity guidelines remains challenging. Tailored exercise plans based on individual beta-cell functionality and preferences are needed. Investigating blood glucose responses to different types of exercise can guide personalized treatment recommendations.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Takuya Kiyohara, Ryu Matsuo, Jun Hata, Kuniyuki Nakamura, Yoshinobu Wakisaka, Masahiro Kamouchi, Takanari Kitazono, Tetsuro Ago
Summary: In patients with acute ischemic stroke, beta-cell dysfunction is significantly associated with poor short-term clinical outcomes independently of insulin resistance. Lower HOMA-β and higher HOMA-insulin resistance levels are independently associated with increased risks of poor functional outcome and neurological deterioration.
Article
Biology
Man Wang, Rong Xu, Xiaoli Liu, Ling Zhang, Siyan Qiu, Yuting Lu, Peng Zhang, Ming Yan, Jing Zhu
Summary: The co-crystal berberine-ibuprofen (BJ) is found to be more effective in treating obesity and its related metabolic diseases compared to berberine. BJ has higher bioavailability and promotes mitochondrial biogenesis while increasing adipocyte sensitivity to catecholamine.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Faidon Magkos, Michelle H. Lee, Maybritte Lim, Alex R. Cook, Vanna Chhay, Tze Ping Loh, Kee Seng Chia, Sonia Baig, Ian Yi Han Ang, Joanne Y. Y. Tay, Chin Meng Khoo, Jeffrey B. Halter, Sue-Anne Toh
Summary: The decrease in beta-cell function and the presence of insulin resistance are the main contributors to the dysregulation of glucose homeostasis in Asians with prediabetes.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Faidon Magkos, Dominic N. Reeds, Bettina Mittendorfer
Summary: This paper provides an overview of the evolution of hyperglycemia definition and the changes in glucose dynamics that lead to fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia. Extensive research has contributed to our understanding of different types of hyperglycemia, such as prediabetes and diabetes, and their subtypes, as well as their relationships with medical complications and strategies for prevention and treatment.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mahsa Jalili, Maryam Nazari, Faidon Magkos
Summary: Fermented foods, rich in probiotics and prebiotics, are widely consumed in many countries and populations. They can improve digestion, enhance immunity, and aid in weight loss, making them a potential tool for combating obesity. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the health effects of fermented foods and their mechanisms of action in obesity and related metabolic abnormalities.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Christian Sumeghy Sondergaard, Paulina Nunez Esquivel, Maria Dalamaga, Faidon Magkos
Summary: Diabetes patients may have an altered risk of cancer when using antihyperglycemic medications. Certain medications are associated with a lower risk of cancer, while others may increase the risk.
CURRENT ONCOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Melvin K. S. Leow
Summary: This article discusses the strengths and pitfalls of infrared thermography (IRT) as an emergent BAT detection technique and provides a mathematical proof of its limitations. Understanding these limitations of IRT can prompt extra efforts to control these uncertainties and enhance the quality of IRT.
ENDOCRINOLOGY DIABETES & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Jaap Keijer, Xavier Escote, Sebastia Galmes, Andreu Palou-March, Francisca Serra, Mona Adnan Aldubayan, Kristina Pigsborg, Faidon J. Magkos, Ella C. Baker, Philip Calder, Joanna Goralska, Urszula Razny, Malgorzata Malczewska-Malec, David Sunol, Mar A. Galofre, Miguel Rodriguez, Nuria G. Canela, Radu Malcic, Montserrat Bosch, Claudia Favari, Pedro Mena, Daniele Del Rio, Antoni Caimari, Biotza M. Gutierrez, Josep del Bas
Summary: Personalized nutrition (PN) is a tool that empowers consumers to make dietary changes, improve health, and prevent diet-related diseases. However, the implementation of PN faces obstacles due to the complexity of individual metabolic characterization. This study proposes a conceptual framework that focuses on dysregulation of key processes and specific markers to assess metabolic health. Machine learning and data analysis algorithms can integrate omics and genetic markers, and digital tools can simplify their implementation.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sofie Hauerberg Henninger, Anna Yde Fibieger, Faidon Magkos, Christian Ritz
Summary: Current treatment options for overweight and obesity rely on strict diet and exercise regimes, making it difficult to sustain as a lifelong routine. This study explored the effects of mindful eating and YogaDance, individually and in combination, as alternative approaches to manage obesity. The findings suggest modest benefits of an 8-week combination of mindful eating and YogaDance, supporting previous research on the effectiveness of mindful eating, yoga, and dance.
Article
Pediatrics
Christina Sonne Mogensen, Helle Zingenberg, Jens Svare, Arne Astrup, Faidon Magkos, Nina Rica Wium Geiker
Summary: This study analyzed data from 208 mothers and examined the association of gestational weight gain (GWG) among women with pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity with infant weight and BMI z-score at birth. The results showed that limiting GWG by 1 kg was associated with lower birthweight, BMI z-score, weight z-score, and infant abdominal circumference. Additionally, GWG below the Institute of Medicine guideline of a maximum of 9 kg was associated with lower birthweight and fewer emergency cesarean deliveries.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mona Adnan Aldubayan, Xiaotian Mao, Martin Frederik Laursen, Kristina Pigsborg, Lars H. Christensen, Henrik M. Roager, Dennis S. Nielsen, Mads Fiil Hjorth, Faidon Magkos
Summary: This study found that a high fiber plant-based diet can reduce body weight and improve cardiometabolic health in individuals with obesity. Additionally, the addition of inulin-type fructans (ITF) can alter gut microbiota composition and attenuate some of the realized cardiometabolic benefits.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biology
Qiuzhong Zhou, Yuxi Jiang, Chaoqun Cai, Wen Li, Melvin Khee-Shing Leow, Yi Yang, Jin Liu, Dan Xu, Lei Sun
Summary: In this study, the conservation between human and mouse lncRNAs was evaluated from various dimensions using multiple approaches, including sequences, promoter, global synteny, and local synteny. A total of 1,731 conserved lncRNAs were identified, with 427 high-confidence ones meeting multiple criteria. Conserved lncRNAs showed longer gene bodies, more exons and transcripts, stronger connections with human diseases, and were more abundant and widespread across different tissues compared to non-conserved ones. Transcription factor profile analysis revealed an enrichment of TF types and numbers in the promoters of conserved lncRNAs. A set of TFs that preferentially bind to conserved lncRNAs and exert stronger regulation on them were also identified.
LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Julie Marvel Mansfeldt, Faidon Magkos
Summary: This paper reviews studies on the changes in non-exercise physical activity (NEPA) in response to exercise-induced energy expenditure. The majority of studies show a compensatory decrease in NEPA upon starting a structured exercise training program, which may attenuate the energy deficit caused by exercise and prevent weight loss.
CURRENT NUTRITION REPORTS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Faidon Magkos, Anahita Ataran, Ali Javaheri, Bettina Mittendorfer
CURRENT OPINION IN CLINICAL NUTRITION AND METABOLIC CARE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michelle H. H. Lee, Eveline Febriana, Maybritte Lim, Sonia Baig, Jeffrey B. B. Halter, Faidon Magkos, Sue-Anne Toh
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of sex on obesity-driven changes in the mechanisms regulating glucose metabolism. The results showed that the adverse effects of obesity on insulin action and secretion were more pronounced in males than females, and females had greater insulin sensitivity and lower insulin secretion compared to males among participants with obesity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kristina Pigsborg, Valdemar Stentoft-Larsen, Samuel Demharter, Mona Adnan Aldubayan, Alessia Trimigno, Bekzod Khakimov, Soren Balling Engelsen, Arne Astrup, Mads Fiil Hjorth, Lars Ove Dragsted, Faidon Magkos
Summary: A predictive model was developed using machine learning to predict successful weight loss on a New Nordic Diet. The study found that individual responses to weight loss vary and the optimal diet for successful weight loss may differ for different individuals. This research is important for improving precision dietary treatment for obesity.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sasha A. S. Kjeldsen, Mads N. Thomsen, Mads J. Skytte, Amirsalar Samkani, Michael M. Richter, Jan Frystyk, Faidon Magkos, Elizaveta Hansen, Henrik S. Thomsen, Jens J. Holst, Sten Madsbad, Steen B. Haugaard, Thure Krarup, Nicolai J. Wewer Albrechtsen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the dependency of body weight loss following a reduction in hepatic steatosis on markers of glucagon resistance in type 2 diabetes. The results showed that weight loss may contribute to the improvement of glucagon resistance in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY
(2023)