Article
Crystallography
Zhangping You, Haiyang Yuan, Xiaoping Ye, Liwu Shi
Summary: This study investigated the surface integrity of RB-SiC ceramics under different scratching speeds using a novel single abrasive scratching test. Three different material removal stages were identified, and the effects of scratching speed on the surface integrity were analyzed. The results provide valuable references for the optimization of the abrasive lapping and polishing of RB-SiC ceramics.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Zhuoliang Zan, Kai Guo, Jie Sun, Yuan Lu, Bin Yang, Xiujie Jia, Vinothkumar Sivalingam, Jianren Xi
Summary: SiCf/C-SiC composites are difficult to machine materials and the dominant mode of material removal is brittle fracture, resulting in damage features including fiber breakage, matrix fragmentation, fiber pullout, and fiber outcropping.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Ruihao Zhang, Bing Wang, Zhanqiang Liu, Liping Jiang, Yukui Cai, Qinghua Song
Summary: The impact of strain rate on material deformation and tribology behavior of 4H-SiC is investigated through high-speed scratching tests. These tests represent common processing methods for SiC wafers, such as abrasive grinding and polishing. The results demonstrate that higher scratching speeds lead to more surface defects at the same scratching depth, resulting in a ductile-to-brittle transition at smaller depths. Based on the relationship between strain rate and scratching stress, a novel material model for 4H-SiC considering the strain rate effect is proposed. This research reveals a strong correlation between scratching speed-dependent strain rate and material deformation behavior of 4H-SiC, offering valuable insights for process optimization during the manufacturing of 4H-SiC components.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Yanjun Lu, Xiaoshuang Rao, Jiaxuan Du, Weifeng Guan
Summary: This paper proposes a dry single impulse EDM method for machining RB-SiC and reveals the material removal mechanism through analysis of topographies and phase components of the machined surface. Short pulse-on time mainly removes Si matrix, while the removal mechanism of SiC particles is attributed to thermal shock-induced spalling and decomposition at high temperatures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Qi Zhang, Ben Wang, Chang Song, Hao Wang, Zhongao Shi
Summary: This study systematically analyzed the influence of different processing directions and lubrication methods on the material removal lubrication mechanism and scratch force of SiCf/SiC composites through single-grain scratching orthogonal tests. The results showed that the scratch force was the smallest when the processing direction was 0 degrees to the fiber direction, and the use of vegetable oil as MQL could effectively reduce the cutting force.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Subhrojyoti Mazumder, Hendrik Simon Cornelis Metselaar, Nazatul Liana Sukiman, Nurin Wahidah Mohd Zulkifli
Summary: The addition of fluoride phases can improve the wear resistance characteristics of ceramic matrix composites at high temperatures. In this study, a MgF2 added Si3N4-SiC nanowire composite was successfully fabricated to enhance wear resistance at 500°C. The addition of 5 wt.% MgF2 significantly decreased the coefficient of friction by 25.40% and improved the specific wear rate by 78.35% by forming a tribo layer at the mating interfaces. Additionally, the composite achieved a high fracture toughness of -10.56 MPa·m0.5 with the addition of SiC nanowires. However, the mechanical properties of the ceramic composite were diminished when a higher amount (>5 wt.%) of fluoride was added, resulting in a change of wear mechanism and a higher wear rate.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Huan Qi, Yuelei Wang, Zijian Qi, Liwu Shi, Zhufang Fang, Li Zhang, Oltmann Riemer, Bernhard Karpuschewski
Summary: A novel grain-based DEM model is developed and calibrated to simulate RB-SiC ceramic and scratching process. The model accurately identifies different types of cracks and material removal modes, and investigates the influence of scratching parameters on subsurface damage.
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Slah Mzali, Fatma Elwasli, Farhat Zemzemi, Salah Mezlini, Ali Mkaddem, Mohamed Lamjed Bouazizi
Summary: This study focuses on the micromechanical scratch behavior of unidirectional glass fiber reinforced polyester (GFRP) under different wear conditions. Single-indenter scratch tests (SSTs) were conducted on GFRP composite material perpendicular (SST&updatedExpOTTOM;) and parallel (SST//) to fiber direction. The dominant damage modes and friction coefficient show sensitivity to attack angle and normal load. A mathematical model based on the measured data was developed using the response surface methodology (RSM), which effectively predicts friction evolution and detects its components separately. Wear maps were created to emphasize the correlation between friction coefficient and material removal process (MRP).
SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hao Lin, Ming Zhou, Haotao Wang, Sutong Bai
Summary: Ultrasonic-assisted grinding (UAG) is widely used in manufacturing hard and brittle materials. This paper analyzed the mechanism of material removal through ultrasonic-assisted scratching. The scratching force fluctuates periodically and is influenced by various parameters such as feed speed, depth, and ultrasonic amplitude. The surface roughness is improved due to the brittle fracture of the fiber and timely discharge of surface residues.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Zhengmao Yang, Wenhao Li, Yang Chen, Wu Zeng, Wenbo Chen, Xueqiang Cao
Summary: This work investigates the tension-tension fatigue behavior of a woven SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite with an environmental barrier coating under elevated temperatures up to 1300 degrees C. Experimental investigations reveal the fatigue failure mechanism for SiC/SiC CMCs with EBCs under different loading conditions, and the materials undergo cyclic softening. A mechanism-based framework is proposed to interpret the fatigue behavior of CMCs through detailed fatigue experiment observations. A new fatigue damage model is developed based on the decrease in the elastic modulus, which shows good agreement with experimental data and has the potential to describe complex thermomechanical damage of SiC/SiC CMCs with EBCs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Yin Liu, Jiahao Chen, Xingwei Sun, Zhixu Dong, Heran Yang, Hongxun Zhao, Shibo Mu, Weifeng Zhang, Yadong Gong, Weijun Liu
Summary: This study investigates the machining mechanism of SiC ceramic materials through drilling and grinding simulations and experimental analysis. The results reveal the material removal mechanism and the effects of drilling parameters on cutting force, torque, and residual stress. It is found that the hard contact behavior of irregular abrasive grains significantly affects material removal, and drilling parameters have an impact on cutting force, torque, and residual stress.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Jingfei Yin, Jiuhua Xu, Wenfeng Ding, Honghua Su
Summary: This study investigates the effect of grinding speed on the material removal mechanism of SiCf/SiC, showing that high-speed grinding can increase material brittleness and fiber breakage, leading to improved groove surface quality and machining efficiency.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
L. Gale, S. Harris, S. Pattison, J. Baker, J. Fowler
Summary: SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites are being developed for aero-engines to replace nickel superalloy components. Sub-element testing is crucial for understanding the behavior of these materials. This study focused on high temperature C-shape sub-element testing and found that specimens were failing once they reached a critical radial stress level, with radial cracks initiating before circumferential cracks during both monotonic and fatigue tests.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Xin Yan, Huan Zhao, Yifan Shen, Han Ding
Summary: The material removal mechanism of carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTP) was investigated through nanoscratching experiments on CF/PEEK, a typical thermoplastic composite. The experimental results revealed that chips attached easily to the sample surface and chips with more resin were tougher to break. The interface and crack behavior varied under different load conditions.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yumin An, Mingyao Song, Kun Wan, Yongna Jia, Yi Yang, Yehong Cheng
Summary: The anisotropic friction properties of biomimetic Cf/ZrB2-SiC ceramic composites with fibers disposed along Bouligand structures are analyzed. The friction properties parallel to and vertical to the hot-pressing surfaces are analyzed for the Cf/ZrB2-SiC ceramic composites with different carbon fiber contents. The anisotropic friction properties of biomimetic Cf/ZrB2-SiC ceramic composites with Bouligand structures under high speed and wet conditions are also explored. This paper provides a good reference for analyzing the anisotropic friction properties of ceramic composites with Bouligand structures.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Jiqiang Wang, Yanquan Geng, Zihan Li, Yongda Yan, Xichun Luo, Pengfei Fan
Summary: Ultrasonic vibration-assisted nanomachining on hard-brittle silicon crystal leads to larger subsurface damage compared with static scratching. The study demonstrates that the material becomes significantly harder than the pristine material after plastic deformation during the machining process. This research is important for guiding ultrasonic vibration-assisted machining of hard-brittle materials at the nanoscale level.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Fei Ding, Xichun Luo, Duo Li, Zheng Qiao, Bo Wang
Summary: A deterministic controller design approach is adopted in this paper to minimize positioning errors of a fast-actuation cutting system. The influences of mechanical parameters on positioning stability are also revealed.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Pengfei Fan, Jian Gao, Hui Mao, Yanquan Geng, Yongda Yan, Yuzhang Wang, Saurav Goel, Xichun Luo
Summary: This article presents the mechanism, current research, and application characteristics of scanning probe lithography (SPL) nanofabrication technique, and analyzes the effects of thermal, chemical, electric, and magnetic fields on this technology. The article also compares different fabrication capabilities, throughput, and attainable resolution, and points out that SPL has yet to achieve its full commercial potential.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Zhengjian Wang, Xichun Luo, Jining Sun, Philipp Seib, Suttinee Phuagkhaopong, Wenlong Chang, Jian Gao, Amir Mir, Andrew Cox
Summary: The importance of silk fibroin particles as effective drug carriers has been recognized due to their mechanical strength, biocompatibility and biodegradability. The study explores the use of ultra-precision diamond turning technology to fabricate silk particles with controlled size and shape, providing a chemical-free alternative with improved precision. Additionally, machinability and chip morphology in the process were discussed, showing that UPDT of silk film can lead to precise chip formation for potential drug delivery applications.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Jiabin Xu, Xiaoshuang Rao, Xiaoyu Xu, Kechong Wang, Bao Guo, Lifei Liu, Yingjie Li, Feihu Zhang
Summary: This paper presents a study on the surface modification of RB-SiC ceramic using cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) process. Through precision grinding tests and mathematical model analysis, the effect of the composite process on grinding force and surface material removal mechanism is revealed, and the technical difficulties in RB-SiC ceramic fabrication are solved.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Aerospace
Qingyu Meng, Bing Guo, Qingliang Zhao, Hao Nan LI, Mark J. Jackson, Barbara S. Linke, Xichun Luo
Summary: Grinding is widely used in material removal processes, and grinding force plays a crucial role in various aspects of the grinding process. This article reviews the theoretical methods and applications of grinding mechanics, providing insights into modeling principles, limitations, and future trends. Accurate prediction of grinding forces is essential for optimizing grinding parameters and machine design.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF AERONAUTICS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Yanjun Lu, Xiaoshuang Rao, Jiaxuan Du, Weifeng Guan
Summary: This paper proposes a dry single impulse EDM method for machining RB-SiC and reveals the material removal mechanism through analysis of topographies and phase components of the machined surface. Short pulse-on time mainly removes Si matrix, while the removal mechanism of SiC particles is attributed to thermal shock-induced spalling and decomposition at high temperatures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Analytical
Yukui Cai, Xichun Luo, Jining Sun, Wenlong Chang
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Xichun Luo, Jian Gao, Wenkun Xie, Rashed Md. Murad Hasan, Yi Qin
Summary: A flexible single-step nanofabrication approach using programmable pulse modulation local anodic oxidation was developed to efficiently generate various 3D nanostructures. A process model linking pulse parameters with the geometry of 3D nanostructure was derived through parametric studies, allowing for precise control of the fabrication process. Experimental results demonstrated that this approach can create 3D nanostructures with sub-10 nm (lateral) and sub-nm (vertical) minimum feature sizes with high precision.
CIRP ANNALS-MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Physical
Qi Liu, Mingjun Chen, Jian Cheng, Xichun Luo
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Pengfei Fan, Nirmal Kumar Katiyar, Saurav Goel, Yang He, Yanquan Geng, Yongda Yan, Hui Mao, Xichun Luo
Summary: This paper explores the effects of oblique nanomachining on GaAs machining quality, plasticity, and transport phenomena using atomic scale machining experiments and simulations. The study finds that under oblique cutting conditions, there is an early avalanche of dislocations, lower coefficient of friction, and higher specific cutting energy compared to orthogonal cutting. Through high-resolution transmission electron microscopy examination, it is revealed that plasticity during nanometric cutting of GaAs is facilitated by shuffle-set slip on the {1 1 1} slip system due to the 1 1 0 type dislocation. Overall, oblique cutting is inferred to be the optimal condition for high-quality wafer nanofabrication using an AFM.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Jiabin Xu, Qiang Zhang, Runrun Gu, Xiangyu Zhang, Qiongyi He, Xinhua Liu, Xiaoshuang Rao, Long Zhang, Feihu Zhang
Summary: This paper introduces the precision grinding process for large-scale aspheric space optical mirror based on RB-SiC ceramic, including precision grinding and cold atmospheric plasma surface modification. The mathematical model calculation method for cold atmospheric plasma process is proposed, and the effectiveness of the technology is verified through experimental tests and mechanism studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRECISION ENGINEERING AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Xiaoquan Shi, Yazhou Sun, Haiying Tian, Puthanveettil Madathil Abhilash, Xichun Luo, Haitao Liu
Summary: This study focuses on the impact of four key process parameters on the dimensions of material extrusion 3D printing filaments. Machine learning models were built to predict geometric dimensions, and the results showed good predictive performance. The study found that nozzle diameter, printing speed, extrusion pressure, and nondimensional nozzle height have different effects on filament dimensions. The findings can be used to predict filament size, guide parameter selection, and determine the size of 3D printing layers.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Dan Zhao, Yi Feng, Zhipeng Pi, Fan Zhang
Summary: Phase equilibria in the ZrO2-GdO1.5-TaO2.5 (ZGTO) system were experimentally investigated, and the differences between ZGTO and the existing ZrO2-YO1.5-TaO2.5 (ZYTO) were discussed. The study is useful for thermodynamic assessment of ZGTO and can guide the design of novel thermal barrier coatings materials.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Yutaka Ohya, Wingki Mey Hendra, Chika Takai-Yamashita, Takayuki Ban
Summary: Diffusion couples of rutile and corundum single crystals were prepared and examined to study the solid solution and precipitation of corundum in rutile during cooling. Different precipitation forms of corundum were observed under different cooling conditions.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Jiaming Zhan, Yunfa Guo, Hao Wang
Summary: This study systematically investigates the mechanical behaviors of calcium fluoride in humid environments. The effects of water on the deformation and plastic enhancement of CaF2 under indentation are explored through microindentation experiments, atomic simulations, and Raman spectroscopy measurement.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Hangfeng Zhang, Henry Giddens, Theo Graves Saunders, Matteo Palma, Isaac Abrahams, Haixue Yan, Yang Hao
Summary: The relationship between low and high frequency tunabilities in tin substituted barium titanate ceramics was investigated. It was found that there are differences in tunabilities at different frequencies due to the different activities of larger ferroelectric domains and polar nanoclusters.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Kaibiao Xi, Jiacheng Liu, Beibei Song, Huarong Cheng, Yihao Li, Xiaole Yu, Mupeng Zheng, Mankang Zhu, Yudong Hou
Summary: Composite modulation in the superparaelectric state of the BTBZ-CT system is proposed as an effective strategy to achieve both NTCC and excellent energy storage performance in dielectric ceramics. The addition of BZ and CT to BT ferroelectrics can move the SPE state to the normal use temperature zone, resulting in enhanced NTCC characteristics and energy storage performance. Furthermore, intentional precipitation of CT at grain boundaries can refine the grain size, increase the bandgap, and strengthen the local electric field distribution, thereby enhancing the breakdown electric field.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Hamed Salimkhani, Lovro Fulanovic, Till Froemling
Summary: The demand for robust multilayer ceramic capacitors with high-temperature and high-power capabilities is increasing rapidly. However, cost-effective production is a challenge. This study investigates the use of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-based materials as promising lead-free options. By adding sintering aids, the sintering temperature of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-BaTiO3-CaZrO3-BiAlO3 solid solutions was successfully reduced to 975 degrees C, suitable for co-sintering with Cu electrodes without adverse effects on capacitor properties.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Mingxing Li, Ran Mo, Zeshui Xu, Jie Zhou, Conglin Zhang, Xuefeng Cui, Fang Ye, Laifei Cheng, Ralf Riedel
Summary: Polymer infiltration and pyrolysis is an effective method for preparing ceramic matrix composites. The transformation of polymer to ceramic during the process affects the residual stress and interface behavior in the composites.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Yan Kang, Lin Chen, Chang-Jiu Li, Guan-Jun Yang
Summary: A novel abradable seal coating with low hardness and high bonding strength was successfully designed and prepared. This coating has significantly higher abradability and erosion resistance compared to metal-based coatings, and can retain excellent abradability and have a long lifetime during service.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Qingzhong Song, Xiangdong Zha, Ming Gao, Yingche Ma
Summary: This study analyzes the influence of calcia refractory purity on the properties of calcia crucibles. Higher purity calcia results in well-developed grains and improved hydration resistance, leading to better high-temperature strength and thermal shock resistance. In contrast, lower purity calcia crucibles exhibit inferior properties. Therefore, high-purity calcia is considered a potential refractory for manufacturing oxide crucibles.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Sehreish Abrar, Faisal Nazeer, Zhuang Ma, Ling Liu, Abdul Malik, Mustafa Kamal, Abdullah G. Al-Sehemi
Summary: To raise the operating temperature of Si-based ceramic matrix composites (CMCs), researchers have applied thermal/environmental barrier coating (T/EBCs) materials, typically rare earth silicates. However, the high thermal conductivity and the mismatch of thermal expansion have been major challenges in developing new materials that can offer thermal insulation and environmental protection to CMCs. In this study, entropy engineering was used to create a multicomponent equi-atomic single-phase pyro silicate with extremely low thermal conductivity and enhanced water vapor corrosion resistance. The research findings show the potential of high entropy disilicates in achieving ultra-low thermal conductivity and low weight loss in corrosive environments.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Zi-bo Niu, Daxin Li, Dechang Jia, Zhihua Yang, Kunpeng Lin, Paolo Colombo, Ralf Riedel, Yu Zhou
Summary: In this study, SiBCN ceramics with a special structure were prepared to improve the oxidation resistance. The effect of the structure on oxidation behavior and kinetics was investigated, revealing that the special structure can effectively inhibit heterogeneous oxidation and enhance the oxide layer composition.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Melike Donmez, Metehan Erdogan, Cihangir Duran
Summary: The limited densification of CeO2 ceramics was improved by using an anorthite-based glass, resulting in high dielectric constant and quality factor with minimum dielectric loss. The CeO2-(anorthite-based) glass ceramic showed promising results in terms of low temperature densification and microwave properties.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
S. Rahmati, R. G. A. Veiga, J. Mostaghimi, T. Coyle, A. Dolatabadi
Summary: This study provides an atomic-scale description of the high-velocity impact of alpha-Al2O3 particles onto an alpha-Al2O3 substrate during Aerosol Deposition (AD). The results suggest that the crystal orientation plays a crucial role in both plasticity and damage of the nanoparticles. Impact velocity has a direct correlation with plasticity and fragmentation, but adhesion efficiency has only a marginal increase. The crucial element lies in the substrate's surface alterations caused by the fragments left on the substrate after impact.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Bo-Wen Chen, Yan-Mei Kan, De-Wei Ni, Chun-Jing Liao, Hong-Da Wang, Yu-Sheng Ding, Shao-Ming Dong
Summary: This study characterized the long-term and repeated ablation properties of modified Cf/HfC-SiC composites with YB4-Al2O3-Si3N4 under an air plasma torch. The structural stability and viscosity of the oxide layer were found to affect the ablation resistance of the composites. By forming nano c-HfO2 grains and high-viscosity Al-Si-Y-O glassy phase, the structural stability of the oxide layer was improved, resulting in enhanced ablation resistance. However, the oxidation of Si3N4 led to the formation of NO, NO2, and excessive SiO2 glassy phase, which resulted in a porous structure and reduced the viscosity of the oxide layer. Therefore, the addition of Si3N4 decreased the ablation resistance of the composites.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Yongxing Wei, Huawei Zhang, Siyuan Dong, Changqing Jin, Chenxing Bai, Junle Dai, Zengzhe Xi, Zhonghua Dai, Zengyun Jian, Li Jin
Summary: In this study, solid solutions of xBi(Ni1/2Hf1/2)O-3-(1 - x)PbTiO3 (xBNH-PT) were synthesized to investigate their phase boundary behaviors and physical properties. The presence of a tetragonal-pseudocubic phase boundary and a spontaneous ferroelectric-relaxor transition at specific compositions were confirmed. The introduction of a tetragonal-pseudocubic phase boundary improved the piezoelectric properties and suppressed the spontaneous ferroelectric-relaxor transition.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2024)
