Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
George S. Q. Tan, Erica K. Sloan, Pete Lambert, Carl M. J. Kirkpatrick, Jenni Ilomaki
Summary: The use of real-world data in drug repurposing is advantageous for supplementing de novo drug discovery and incorporating real-world evidence in regulatory approvals. A scoping review analyzed 250 studies, including hypothesis generation, hypothesis validation, and safety assessment. Challenges include isolated data sources, false-positive signals, bias and confounding in hypothesis validation, and the lack of regulatory guidance.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Elaine Silva Nascimento Andrade, Jurema Guerrieri Brandao, Juliana Souza da Silva, Carmelita Ribeiro Filha Coriolano, Patricia Sammarco Rosa, Milton Ozorio Moraes, Cynthia de Oliveira Ferreira, Ciro Martins Gomes, Wildo Navegantes de Araujo
Summary: Brazil has a high incidence of leprosy cases, both new cases and relapse cases. This study investigated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Brazil and found a low frequency of AMR, with most resistant strains being resistant to dapsone. The study also identified a very low number of isolates resistant to rifampin, the main bactericidal agent for leprosy, and few cases of multidrug resistance (MDR). The findings highlight the importance of monitoring AMR, especially among relapsed patients.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Peter Schotland, Rebecca Racz, David B. Jackson, Theodoros G. Soldatos, Robert Levin, David G. Strauss, Keith Burkhart
Summary: The study enhanced a model to predict adverse events on drug labels at approval, using more drugs, features, and a new algorithm. Evaluating comparator drugs with similar target activities helped assess the risk of adverse events for the drug of interest.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Rheumatology
Suchitra Kataria, Vinod Ravindran
Summary: The diversity of diseases in rheumatology and variability in disease prevalence require greater data parity in disease presentation and treatment responses. Real-world data from various resources can provide insights into disease evolution and progression, as well as the early diagnosis of diseases. Digital tools have the potential to generate realistic, non-invasive, patient-friendly real-world evidence in rheumatology.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gerald J. Dal Pan
Summary: Regulatory interventions for medicines aim to ensure their efficacy, safety, and quality, while improving the assessment methods for their safe and effective use. Expanded use of real-world data could help inform these efforts, but further improvements in data sources and evaluation methods are needed.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Rosanna Ruggiero, Barbara Stelitano, Federica Fraenza, Gabriella di Mauro, Cristina Scavone, Liberata Sportiello, Concetta Rafaniello, Raffaella Di Napoli, Romano Danesi, Marzia Del Re, Francesco Rossi, Annalisa Capuano
Summary: This study described the observed ICI-related neurological immune-related adverse drug reactions (NirADRs) in the European clinical practice, primarily associated with anti-PD-1 agents and more common in male patients. Some events had unfavorable outcomes, including fatal consequences, emphasizing the need for further research to monitor the neurologic safety profile of ICIs.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
L. Yesenia Rodriguez-Tanta, Hector Garavito Farro, Lisiane Freitas Leal, Maribel Salas, Monique M. Elseviers, Luciane Cruz Lopes
Summary: This study aimed to map and describe available data sources for drug utilization research in Peru. The findings revealed limited data sources for drug utilization research in Peru, indicating a need for increased monitoring of medications for decision-making purposes. Collaborations between the government, academic institutions, and the private sector, both locally and internationally, could be a good strategy to enhance data transparency and support decision-making through drug utilization research.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Xiangwei Xu, Ruya Li, Peizhen Zhu, Penghai Zhang, Jun Chen, Yongsheng Lin, Yinqiao Chen
Summary: This study found that maintenance therapy (MT) is beneficial and tolerable for patients with advanced NSCLC, especially for patients with adenocarcinoma and without distant metastasis. The use of targeted drugs in maintenance therapy significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS), and female sex and MT were identified as independent prognostic factors for extended overall survival (OS).
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Panagiotis T. Diamantopoulos, Emmanouil Charakopoulos, Argiris Symeonidis, Ioannis Kotsianidis, Nora-Athina Viniou, Vassiliki Pappa, Charalampos Pontikoglou, Dimitrios Tsokanas, Georgios Drakos, Alexandra Kourakli, Elena Solomou, Eleftheria Hatzimichael, Anastasia Pouli, Maria Kotsopoulou, Evangelos Asmanis, Maria Dimou, Panayiotis Panayiotidis, Sotirios Papageorgiou, Georgios Vassilopoulos, Achilles Anagnostopoulos, Theodoros Vassilakopoulos, Helen Papadaki, Athanasios Galanopoulos
Summary: Monocytopenia is a common finding in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and its presence is associated with excess blasts and higher prognostic scoring system categories. Monocytopenia is a prognostic indicator of lower overall survival and leukemia free survival in MDS patients, even after adjusting for other factors. Monocytopenia can also help differentiate prognostically distinct subgroups in the low and intermediate risk groups of MDS.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Murugesan Raju, Krishna P. Shanmugam, Chi-Ren Shyu
Summary: Early detection of glaucoma is crucial for preventing irreversible blindness. A predictive analytic framework was developed using machine learning and logistic regression methods on electronic health records (EHR) from over 650 hospitals and clinics in the USA. The study found that the XGBoost, MLP, and RF methods performed well in predicting glaucoma one year before onset, with an AUC score of 0.81, compared to 0.73 for logistic regression. This suggests that machine learning methods can identify potential pre-glaucoma patients in advance, leading to early intervention and prevention.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ha Young Jang, In-Wha Kim, Jung Mi Oh
Summary: This study found that a real-world evidence (RWE) study in Korea, which emulated the design of a randomized clinical trial (RCT), had consistent results with the RCT. It suggests that RWE has the potential to provide evidence for regulatory decision-making in countries where RCTs are difficult to perform.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paul S. Appelbaum
Summary: The constraints in clinical trials of psychedelic drugs make it challenging to assess their effectiveness in treating people.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhuangzhuang Zheng, Zijing Liu, Haifeng Zhang, Xiao Guo, Xiaojing Jia, Jianfeng Wang, Lingbin Meng, Ying Xin, Xin Jiang
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the efficacy and safety of apatinib mesylate in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The results showed that apatinib mesylate is an effective treatment for advanced HCC, and its adverse reactions are relatively mild.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Chun Sing Lam, Ho Kee Koon, Chung Tin Ma, Kwok Yin Au, Zhong Zuo, Vincent Chi-Ho Chung, Yin Ting Cheung
Summary: This scoping review summarizes pharmacoepidemiological studies that evaluate herb-drug interactions (HDI) using real-world data and identifies gaps that need to be addressed in future research.
Article
Oncology
Hye Sook Han, Kyoung Eun Lee, Young Ju Suh, Hee-Jung Jee, Bum Jun Kim, Hyeong Su Kim, Keun-Wook Lee, Min-Hee Ryu, Sun Kyung Baek, In Hae Park, Hee Kyung Ahn, Jae Ho Jeong, Min Hwan Kim, Dae Hyung Lee, Siheon Kim, Hyemi Moon, Serim Son, Ji-Hye Byun, Dong Sook Kim, Hyonggin An, Yeon Hee Park, Dae Young Zang
Summary: This study proposes a framework for collecting real-world data based on electronic medical records (EMRs) to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of cancer drugs. The study conducted a nationwide investigation in South Korea, with the aim of ensuring relevance and reliability of the collected data.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
