Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marc Sim, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Nicola P. Bondonno, Simone Radavelli-Bagatini, Peter Peeling, Catherine P. Bondonno, Dianna J. Magliano, Jonathan E. Shaw, Richard Woodman, Kevin Murray, Joshua R. Lewis, Robin M. Daly, Jonathan M. Hodgson
Summary: The study found that higher habitual dietary nitrate intake, predominantly from vegetables, is associated with stronger lower-limb muscle strength and better physical function. Physical activity level does not influence the relationship between nitrate intake and muscle function.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Rikke S. Kamper, Julian Alcazar, Lars L. Andersen, Bryan Haddock, Niklas Rye Jorgensen, Peter Hovind, Charlotte Suetta
Summary: The study investigated the relationship between chronic low-grade inflammation and age-related muscle decline and physical performance. Results showed that with age, levels of certain inflammatory biomarkers in the blood increased significantly, correlating with decreased muscle strength and physical function.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maria Amasene, Maria Medrano, Inaki Echeverria, Miriam Urquiza, Ana Rodriguez-Larrad, Amaia Diez, Idoia Labayen, Besga-Basterra Ariadna
Summary: This study found that better nutritional status and physical function were significantly associated with lower CCI scores among hospitalized older adults. Patients with malnutrition or risk of malnutrition, as well as frailty, had significantly increased the risk for severe comorbidity. Patients at risk of malnutrition or that are malnourished had higher CCI scores regardless of handgrip strength, and frail patients had higher CCI despite their nutritional status.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ryan Mcgrath, Grant R. Tomkinson, Jeremy M. Hamm, Kirsten Juhl, Kelly Knoll, Kelly Parker, Ashleigh E. Smith, Yeong Rhee
Summary: The study found that each weakness cut-point has different predictive value for future cognitive impairment, and aggregating weakness cut-points may improve their predictive utility.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Sarah A. Purcell, Michelle Mackenzie, Thiago G. Barbosa-Silva, Isabelle J. Dionne, Sunita Ghosh, Mario Siervo, Ming Ye, Carla M. Prado
Summary: Sarcopenic obesity prevalence varies greatly depending on definitions, often associated with low handgrip strength in older Canadian adults.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mengyu Cao, Junsong Lian, Xisheng Lin, Jinwei Liu, Chao Chen, Shuaixuan Xu, Shuang Ma, Fang Wang, Nihui Zhang, Xiaolei Qi, Guogang Xu, Nan Peng
Summary: This study investigates the consistency between the latest diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia, AWGS 2019, and other common criteria in China. The study also analyzes the changes in muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical function with age and their impact on sarcopenia diagnosis. The results show that AWGS 2019 is highly consistent with other criteria and that the effects of age on muscle strength and function are more significant than on muscle mass.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Vincenzo Galluzzo, Maria Beatrice Zazzara, Francesca Ciciarello, Matteo Tosato, Anna Maria Martone, Cristina Pais, Giulia Savera, Riccardo Calvani, Anna Picca, Emanuele Marzetti, Francesco Landi
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between physical activity levels and parameters of physical function in COVID-19 survivors with post-acute symptoms. The results showed that stopping physical activity after COVID-19 results in comparable physical performance to those who were never active. However, older adults who continue to engage in physical activity perform better in the six-minute walking test than sedentary peers.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Pedro Lopez, Anderson Rech, Maria Petropoulou, Robert U. Newton, Dennis R. Taaffe, Daniel A. Galvao, Douglas J. P. Turella, Sandro R. Freitas, Regis Radaelli
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to examine the effectiveness of different resistance exercise velocity modes in older adults. The results showed that high-velocity resistance exercise was most effective for improving fast walking speed, timed-up and go, and 5-times sit-to-stand, while traditional resistance exercise was most effective for 30-second sit-to-stand and 6-minute walking. Therefore, individualized prescriptions based on contraction velocity should be used to address specific functional needs.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
M. Sim, C. Smith, N. P. Bondonno, S. Radavelli-Bagatini, L. C. Blekkenhorst, J. Dalla Via, R. McCormick, K. Zhu, J. M. Hodgson, R. L. Prince, J. R. Lewis
Summary: This study suggests that a higher intake of Vitamin K1 is associated with better muscle function and lower risk of injurious falls in older women. However, Vitamin K2 intake does not show the same associations. Therefore, it is important to promote the consumption of Vitamin K1-rich foods, such as green leafy vegetables, for musculoskeletal health in older women.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chong Kim, Kathryn L. Colborn, Stef van Buuren, Timothy Loar, Jennifer E. Stevens-Lapsley, Andrew J. Kittelson
Summary: This study developed and tested personalized predictions for functional recovery after Total Knee Arthroplasty surgery using a novel neighbors-based prediction approach. Predictions were generated by estimating a patient's prognosis from the observed recovery data of similar patients, and the optimal number of matches was determined based on low bias, accurate coverage, and acceptable precision. The predictions were well-calibrated in out-of-sample testing, showing potential to guide care decisions both before and after TKA surgery.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Helio Jose Coelho-Junior, Riccardo Calvani, Anna Picca, Matteo Tosato, Francesco Landi, Emanuele Marzetti
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the association between protein intake and frailty in older adults. The results showed that protein intake was not significantly associated with frailty, but frail older adults consumed less animal protein.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rebecca De Lorenzo, Luigi Di Filippo, Sabrina Scelfo, Aurora Merolla, Andrea Giustina, Caterina Conte, Patrizia Rovere-Querini
Summary: This study highlights the prevalence of reduced physical function among COVID-19 survivors and emphasizes the importance of early identification and intervention to optimize their long-term health.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Riccardo Calvani, Anna Picca, Helio Jose Coelho-Junior, Matteo Tosato, Emanuele Marzetti, Francesco Landi
Summary: Sarcopenia is a geriatric condition characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, leading to increased risk of adverse health outcomes. Currently, there are no pharmacological remedies available for prevention or management of sarcopenia. The most effective strategies involve adopting healthier lifestyle behaviors, including high-quality diets and regular physical activity.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Katja Uhlmann, Fabienne Schaller, Undine Lehmann
Summary: The application of muscle parameters in daily practice of nutritional care by dietitians in Switzerland is lacking, with low frequency of use. Lack of knowledge, practical experience, and equipment are the most common barriers for usage. Strengthening the application, along with providing practical training and education, could promote the use of muscle parameters.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Minqi Liao, Yingjun Mu, Xin Su, Lu Zheng, Shiwen Zhang, Hongen Chen, Shan Xu, Junrong Ma, Ruiqing Ouyang, Wanlin Li, Chen Cheng, Jun Cai, Yuming Chen, Changyi Wang, Fangfang Zeng
Summary: This study examines the potential associations between dietary branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and physical function in the elderly Chinese population. The results show that a higher intake of BCAAs is positively associated with increased handgrip strength, shorter times for 4-m fast walking, and repeated chair rises. Individuals with higher BCAA intake also have a reduced risk of developing low muscle strength and low physical performance.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sierra R. McDowell, Kevin Murray, Michael Hunter, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Joshua R. Lewis, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Nicola P. Bondonno
Summary: This study aimed to characterize and compare four dietary pattern indices in middle-aged Australian adults. The findings indicate that the diets of Australian middle-aged adults align more closely with the Australian Dietary Guidelines than with other international dietary patterns, likely due to the wide variation of individual food group weightings in the construction of these indices.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jesse Zanker, Marc Sim, Kate Anderson, Saliu Balogun, Sharon L. Brennan-Olsen, Elsa Dent, Gustavo Duque, Christian M. Girgis, Mathis Grossmann, Alan Hayes, Tim Henwood, Vasant Hirani, Charles Inderjeeth, Sandra Iuliano, Justin Keogh, Josh Lewis, Gordon S. Lynch, Julie A. Pasco, Steven Phu, Esmee M. Reijnierse, Nicholas Russell, Lara Vlietstra, Renuka Visvanathan, Troy Walker, Debra L. Waters, Solomon Yu, Andrea B. Maier, Robin M. Daly, David Scott
Summary: Sarcopenia is an age-related skeletal muscle condition characterized by low muscle mass, strength, and physical performance. There is currently no international consensus on the definition of sarcopenia. The Australian and New Zealand Society for Sarcopenia and Frailty Research (ANZSSFR) developed consensus guidelines for sarcopenia prevention, assessment, management, and research through a four-phase Delphi process, involving topic experts, consumers, and evidence. These guidelines are intended for use by health professionals and researchers in Australia and New Zealand.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Family Studies
Susan M. Hill, Matthew F. Byrne, Elizabeth Wenden, Amanda Devine, Margaret Miller, Henrietta Quinlan, Donna Cross, Judy Eastham, Miranda Chester
Summary: A substantial body of literature supports the benefits of school breakfast programs, but Australia lacks a nationally-funded program and instead relies on charitable organizations. This study in Western Australian schools found that the implementation of school breakfast programs varied, with more holistic approaches showing greater social benefits at classroom and whole school levels. These findings have implications for improving support for vulnerable students and reducing the impact of disadvantage in Australian schools and other countries.
CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Gina S. A. Trapp, Paula Hooper, Wesley Billingham, Lukar Thornton, Ainslie Sartori, Kelly Kennington, Amanda Devine, Stephanie Godrich, Ros Sambell, Justine Howard, Alexia Bivoltsis
Summary: This study aims to assess the availability of fast-food outlets near schools in Perth and determine whether there are differences based on area-level disadvantage and school type.
HEALTH PROMOTION JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Shannon Connolly, Peter Peeling, Martyn J. J. Binnie, Paul S. R. Goods, Christopher Latella, Janet L. L. Taylor, Anthony J. J. Blazevich, Wouter P. P. Timmerman, Chris R. R. Abbiss
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between a cyclist's rate of force/torque development and peak force/torque, as well as the mechanisms contributing to each measure. The results showed that there were relationships between quadriceps neuromuscular function and force development during knee extension and mid-thigh pull, as well as during cycling. Additionally, there were strong associations among force/torque measures across tasks, indicating transferability.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Paul S. R. Goods, Peta Maloney, Joanna Miller, Denise Jennings, Jack Fahey-Gilmour, Peter Peeling, Brook Galna
Summary: Wearable temperature sensors have limitations in accurately measuring core temperature at elevated levels, making them unsuitable for assessing core temperature during exercise in hot conditions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Margaret Miller, Donna Barwood, Amanda Devine, Julie Boston, Sandra Smith, Martin Masek
Summary: This study explores the use of food systems as an alternative pedagogical approach for nutrition education, and finds that cross-curricular education through a food systems lens can engage adolescents in nutrition education.
JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Simone Radavelli-Bagatini, Helen Macpherson, David Scott, Robin M. Daly, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Simon M. Laws, Kun Zhu, Richard L. Prince, Joshua R. Lewis, Marc Sim
Summary: Weaker grip strength and slower TUG, and a greater decline over 5 years, were significant risk factors for late-life dementia events in community-dwelling older women, independent of lifestyle and genetic risk factors. Incorporating muscle function measures as part of dementia screening appears useful to identify high-risk individuals who might benefit from primary prevention programs.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Review
Health Policy & Services
Reindolf Anokye, Ben Jackson, James Dimmock, Joanne M. Dickson, Mary A. Kennedy, Carl J. Schultz, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Mandy Stanley, Joshua R. Lewis
Summary: Health-related behaviours contribute to cardiovascular disease burden. Cardiovascular imaging can screen asymptomatic individuals for increased risk and promote health-related behaviours. The impact of imaging interventions on threat appraisals, efficacy beliefs, and behavioural intentions is not well understood. This review identifies positive effects on self-efficacy beliefs and behavioural intentions, but also gaps in theoretical frameworks and assessments. Addressing these issues can reduce CVD risks and improve population health.
HEALTH PROMOTION INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Elsa Dent, Peter Hanlon, Marc Sim, Juulia Jylhava, Zuyun Liu, Davide L. Vetrano, Erwin Stolz, Mario Ulises Perez-Zepeda, Daniel R. Crabtree, Caroline Nicholson, Jenny Job, Rachel C. Ambagtsheer, Paul R. Ward, Sandra M. Shi, Quan Huynh, Emiel O. Hoogendijk
Summary: This narrative review provides critical insights into recent developments and emerging practices in frailty research. It highlights the importance of new biomarkers, artificial intelligence, and studying medication response in older adults with frailty. The review also emphasizes the need for cost-effective, community-based interventions and better support for older adults with frailty.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Peter Peeling, Alannah Mckay
Summary: This review examines recent developments in our understanding of iron regulation and absorption around exercise, with specific attention paid towards the female athlete. It found that exercise can affect iron regulatory hormone activity, which subsequently impairs iron absorption, potentially contributing to the high rates of iron deficiency seen in athletes.
CURRENT OPINION IN CLINICAL NUTRITION AND METABOLIC CARE
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Rebecca Voisin, Pierre Horwitz, Stephanie Godrich, Ros Sambell, Katherine Cullerton, Amanda Devine
Summary: This scoping review explores the concept of no-to-low external input in regenerative agriculture by examining peer-reviewed and gray literature. The study identifies organic amendment inputs and regenerative land management processes that can help reduce external inputs and promote biology and nutrient cycling at different scales. Regenerative agriculture overlaps with other farming practices such as agroecology and conservation agriculture.
AGROECOLOGY AND SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Naeha Sharif, Syed Zulqarnain Gilani, David Suter, Siobhan Reid, Pawel Szulc, Douglas Kimelman, Barret A. Monchka, Mohammad Jafari Jozani, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Marc Sim, Kun Zhu, Nicholas C. Harvey, Douglas P. Kiel, Richard L. Prince, John T. Schousboe, William D. Leslie, Joshua R. Lewis
Summary: This study trained and tested a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm for automated scoring of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC-24) and validated its consistency with scores from trained imaging specialists. The results showed that ML-AAC-24 scores were significantly associated with the risk of cardiovascular events in a real-world setting, indicating that this approach could improve the identification of individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease in clinical settings.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lisa Grech, Kiran Laurence, Peter R. Ebeling, Marc Sim, Ayse Zengin
Summary: People with multiple sclerosis are at a higher risk of osteoporosis, falls, and fractures. However, current guidelines for osteoporosis prevention, screening, diagnosis, and management in this population are inadequate.
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cassandra Smith, Marc Sim, Jack Dalla Via, Itamar Levinger, Gustavo Duque
Summary: Loss of muscle and bone mass, strength, and quality, which commonly occur with aging, can lead to reduced physical function and increased risk of falls and fractures. The interaction between bone and muscle, driven by bone-muscle crosstalk, plays a crucial role in this process. Exercise is the primary strategy for improving both muscle and bone health. However, holistic treatment plans that incorporate exercise and other allied health services are underutilized in preventing or treating musculoskeletal diseases.
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)