Functionally Graded Materials: An Overview of Stability, Buckling, and Free Vibration Analysis

Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are novel materials whose properties change gradually with respect to their dimensions. It is the advanced development of formerly used composite materials and consists of two or more materials in order to achieve the desired properties according to the application where an FGM is used. FGMs have obtained a great attention of researchers in the past decade due to their graded properties at every single point in various dimensions. The properties of an FGM are not identical to the materials that constitute it. This paper aims to present an overview of the existing literature on stability, buckling, and free vibration analysis of FGM carried out by numerous authors in the past decade. Moreover, the analyses of mathematical models adopted for the aforementioned analyses are not the core purpose of this paper. At the end, future work is also suggested in this review paper.