Article
Biochemical Research Methods
John Seeley, Nicolaas E. Schimmel, Stacy K. Seeley
Summary: This study investigates the impact of pulse width on the height and width of peaks in a secondary column of GC x GC separation. The results show that the area, height, and width of peaks can be accurately modeled using a convolution of a rectangular function and a Gaussian distribution. The minimum peak width for various compounds can be determined, and it is found that injecting pulses with widths matching the minimum peak width result in peaks that are 25% wider and 76% of the maximum peak height. Increasing the injection width beyond the minimum width leads to substantially broader peaks with only a modest increase (<25%) in peak height.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Weiyi Wen, Ping Xu, Haiping Xiang, Mengyi Wen, Xuemin Ye, Chu Chu, Shengqiang Tong
Summary: In this study, a comprehensive two-dimensional countercurrent chromatography (CCC) combined with gas chromatography (GC) was used to characterize the chemical constituents of Artemisia argyi essential oil and evaluate the orthogonality of the 2D chromatographic system. A solvent system composed of n-hexane/acetonitrile/methanol (2:2:1, v/v/v) was selected for the first dimensional separation and all CCC fractions were analyzed by GC. A 2D contour plot was created to visualize the chemical compositions. A total of 1392 peaks were obtained through the comprehensive 2D CCC x GC separation and high spatial coverage and low linear correlation coefficient were achieved. Moreover, all compounds were identified by GC-MS. The obtained 2D contour plot could be divided into six zones representing different component groups, which could be used to identify and predict the structure of unknown compounds in Artemisia argyi essential oil for comprehensive characterization.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
John Mommers, Sjoerd van der Wal
Summary: Developing methods for comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC x GC) is more complex compared to one-dimensional gas chromatography due to the need to make more method development choices and the complex interplay of primary and secondary parameters. The larger internal diameter of the primary column than the secondary column complicates optimization and leads to sub-optimal flow settings.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Nino B. L. Milani, Eric van Gilst, Bob W. J. Pirok, Peter J. Schoenmakers
Summary: Although comprehensive 2-D GC is a well-established and widely used analytical method, it is still a highly dynamic field due to numerous innovations. This review discusses recent developments in comprehensive 2-D GC technology, including exciting improvements in modulation methods, detection methods, retention modeling, and data analysis.
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Andrea Hochegger, Sebastiano Panto, Nick Jones, Erich Leitner
Summary: In September 2022, the European Commission released a new regulation allowing the use of novel technologies to generate data for establishing regulatory processes on recycled plastic materials for food contact. This study compared different analytical approaches for screening commercially purchased post-consumer recycled polypropylene buckets. The results highlight the importance of detailed characterization and the advantages and disadvantages of using conventional gas chromatography and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with mass spectrometry.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Hui Mao, Ming Jiang
Summary: This study demonstrated the feasibility of modeling the first dimensional (D-1) peak in comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC x GC) with only 2 modulated sub-peaks (MSP). The effects of modulation phase, modulation period, peak width, and peak shape were explored. The proposed method improved the accuracy of compound identification in GC x GC analysis with undersampling modulation.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Delphine Zanella, Adele Henin, Steven Mascrez, Pierre-Hugues Stefanuto, Flavio Antonio Franchina, Jean-Francois Focant, Giorgia Purcaro
Summary: The potential of exhaled breath for disease diagnosis is significant, but standardized sampling and analysis procedures are necessary for reliable results. This study validates the performance of two different comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry platforms in different laboratories, using the Peppermint Initiative guidelines. The platforms successfully tracked the peppermint oil metabolites in exhaled breath over a 6.5-hour period.
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Eliise Tammekivi, Christophe Geantet, Chantal Lorentz, Karine Faure
Summary: This review summarizes the studies published since 2010 on the utilization of gas chromatography (GC) or liquid chromatography (LC) as one dimension in two-dimensional (2D) chromatographic analysis for characterizing and monitoring the valorization processes of various biowastes. The article highlights the challenges and prospects of using 2D chromatography for analyzing polar, poorly volatile, and thermally unstable compounds in biowastes. The different 2D setups used for monitoring biowaste conversion processes are also discussed.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Shrinath Machakanur, Anilkumar Savalia, Vishnupriya Bhakthavatsalam
Summary: Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography was used to analyze 19 diesel feeds and evaluate their compositions and flammability properties. Understanding relative compositional variations of feeds and using multivariate methods like principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis helped in distinguishing and classifying feeds based on their compositions.
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Michelle A. Corbally, Nicholas S. Hinz, Chris E. Freye
Summary: Gas chromatography (GC) analysis of thermally labile and high-boiling point compounds is a challenge. Low-pressure GC, utilizing vacuum from mass spectrometer and wide-bore columns, allows for elution at lower temperatures. This study compared conventional GC x GC-TOFMS and low-pressure GC x GC-TOFMS configurations for analyzing a pesticide standard mixture, investigating elution temperatures, sensitivity, and peak capacity.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
J. F. Ayala-Cabrera, C. Lipok, J. Li, E. Moyano, O. J. Schmitz, F. J. Santos
Summary: The study evaluated the performance of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GCxGC-MS) for the separation of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), achieving efficient separation and surpassing traditional gas chromatography methods.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haneen Ibrahim Al Othman, Atiqah Zaid, Francesco Cacciola, Zhijun Zhao, Xiaosheng Guan, Jalal T. Althakafy, Yong Foo Wong
Summary: This study evaluates the applicability of enantioselective gas chromatography (eGC) and enantioselective comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (eGCxGC) coupled with flame ionization detection for the stereospecific analysis of designated chiral monoterpenes within essential oils distilled from different Citrus species. The results show significant variations in the enantiomeric fractions (EFs) of the chiral terpenes among the Citrus oils. The study also compares and discusses the obtained enantiomeric compositions with results from eGC using the same enantioselective column, providing valuable insights into the EFs of these chiral monoterpenes in Citrus spp. leaf oil.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andreia Bento-Silva, Noelia Duarte, Magda Santos, Carina Pedrosa Costa, Maria Carlota Vaz Patto, Silvia M. Rocha, Maria Rosario Bronze
Summary: This study aims to reveal the volatile compounds associated with the baking process of Portuguese maize bread (broas), which contribute to its aroma. Through analysis, 128 volatile compounds were identified, with 16 being newly discovered. Sulfur-containing compounds were found to have a significant impact on the aroma of the bread.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Federico Stilo, Carlo Bicchi, Ana M. Jimenez-Carvelo, Luis Cuadros-Rodriguez, Stephen E. Reichenbach, Chiara Cordero
Summary: This review article summarizes the latest methods for chromatographic fingerprinting of 2D peak patterns, translating concepts of sample fingerprint and profile into comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography separations embracing the principles of biometric fingerprinting. Challenging scenarios with severe chromatographic misalignment, parallel detection, and the translation of methods from thermal to differential-flow modulated GC x GC are also considered for their relevance in specific applications.
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Celina Monzon, Sonia Schoneich, Robert E. Synovec
Summary: The study used GC-GC-TOFMS and PCA to investigate the effects of farming pacu fish with rice fields on the metabolome of the fish. The majority of metabolites were found to be downregulated in the farmed fish, with some involved in important metabolic processes such as protein catabolism, nucleotide metabolism, and tissue repair.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Elisenda Fornells, Brett Barnett, Mike Bailey, Emily F. Hilder, Robert A. Shellie, Michael C. Breadmore
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Dandan Yan, Yong Foo Wong, Simon P. Whittock, Anthony Koutoulis, Robert A. Shellie, Philip J. Marriott
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Elisenda Fornells, Emily F. Hilder, Robert A. Shellie, Michael C. Breadmore
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2019)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yong Foo Wong, DanDan Yan, Robert A. Shellie, Danilo Sciarrone, Philip J. Marriott
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ronda Gras, Jim Luong, Robert A. Shellie
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
DanDan Yan, Yong Foo Wong, Robert A. Shellie, Philip J. Marriott, Simon P. Whittock, Anthony Koutoulis
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jim Luong, Yujuan Hua, Ronda Gras, Robert A. Shellie
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2019)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Chowdhury K. Hasan, Hans-Jurgen Wirth, Andrew Gooley, Trevor W. Lewis, Robert A. Shellie, Pavel N. Nesterenko, Brett Paull
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2020)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Laura Tedone, Lada Staskova, DanDan Yan, Simon Whittock, Robert Shellie, Anthony Koutoulis
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS
(2020)
Review
Food Science & Technology
M. M. Chayan Mahmud, Robert A. Shellie, Russell Keast
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY
(2020)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Tanweer Aslam Gondal, Russell S. J. Keast, Robert A. Shellie, Snehal R. Jadhav, Shirani Gamlath, Mohammadreza Mohebbi, Djin Gie Liem
Summary: The research identified that white rice is preferred over brown rice in Australian-grown varieties due to its texture and color, while Jasmine rice is more liked compared to Low GI and Medium Grain. Rice texture, particularly hardness and chewiness, was found to be the most important sensory attribute influencing consumer preference among all rice varieties.
Article
Food Science & Technology
M. M. Chayan Mahmud, Russell Keast, Mohammadreza Mohebbi, Robert A. Shellie
Summary: This study characterized the important aroma-active compounds associated with consumer liking in formulated coffee-flavored dairy beverages. The total number and intensity of aroma-active compounds were affected by fat and coffee concentration. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis identified three groups of compounds regarding liking.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
M. M. Chayan Mahmud, Robert A. Shellie, Mohammadreza Mohebbi, Dipendra Kumar Mahato, Russell Keast
Summary: This study investigated the effects of fat and coffee concentrations on sensory attributes and consumer liking of iced-coffee beverages. Results showed that overall liking increased with the increase of fat and coffee concentration up to a certain level, then decreased. Additionally, three clusters of consumer preferences were identified.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Damian Espinase Nandorfy, Tracey Siebert, Eleanor Bilogrevic, Desiree Likos, Flynn Watson, Sheridan Barter, Lisa Pisaniello, Allie Kulcsar, Robert A. Shellie, Russell Keast, Leigh Francis, Marlize Bekker
Summary: This study aimed to determine the contribution of 2-furylmethanethiol and phenylmethanethiol to specific sensory properties in Chardonnay wines, as well as the consumer acceptance of wines with empyreumatic aromas. The results showed that 2-furylmethanethiol was the primary contributor to flint, struck-match, and mineral aromas, while phenylmethanethiol played a subordinate role. Therefore, it is important to consider the concentration of 2-furylmethanethiol and the resulting empyreumatic odours when producing wine styles to appeal to consumers.
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF GRAPE AND WINE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
A. R. Mukurumbira, R. A. Shellie, R. Keast, E. A. Palombo, B. W. Muir, S. R. Jadhav
Summary: Foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms pose a threat to public health and the food industry. Synthetic antimicrobials face challenges due to antimicrobial resistance, thus essential oils offer a potential natural alternative. This study found that essential oils from lemon myrtle, thyme, and Tasmanian mountain pepper showed antimicrobial activity against common food spoilage and pathogenic bacteria and fungi, with lemon myrtle and thyme exhibiting stronger activity. The vapor phase of the oils also showed antimicrobial activity and potential as antifungals for specific microorganisms.