Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lior Wertheim, Reuven Edri, Yona Goldshmit, Tomer Kagan, Nadav Noor, Angela Ruban, Assaf Shapira, Irit Gat-Viks, Yaniv Assaf, Tal Dvir
Summary: Functional human neuronal network is engineered by mimicking embryonic development of the spinal cord in a 3D dynamic biomaterial-based microenvironment, showing therapeutic potential for regenerating injured spinal cord.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Anamika Gupta, Manju N. Jayakumar, Mohamed A. Saleh, Meganathan Kannan, Rabih Halwani, Rizwan Qaisar, Firdos Ahmad
Summary: Growth factors play differential roles in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, with most of them being upregulated at the moderate stage of the disease. The induction of growth factors likely occurs due to endothelial dysfunction and may counter the adverse effects of cytokine storms.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Venkata Garlapati, Michael Molitor, Thomas Michna, Gregory S. Harms, Stefanie Finger, Rebecca Jung, Jeremy Lagrange, Panagiotis Efentakis, Johannes Wild, Maike Knorr, Susanne Karbach, Sabine Wild, Ksenija Vujacic-Mirski, Thomas Muenzel, Andreas Daiber, Moritz Brandt, Tommaso Gori, Hendrik Milting, Stefan Tenzer, Wolfram Ruf, Philip Wenzel
Summary: Despite advances in MI interventions, adverse cardiac remodeling and fibrosis leading to IHF remain a major cause of death. A profibrotic coagulation signaling pathway involving MAPK could be targeted for improved cardiac function post-MI. Targeted interventions with trametinib in this pathway show promising results in a murine model.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
K. Schmid, T. Schwarz-Selinger, A. Theodorou
Summary: In this study, the input parameters for rate equation modeling of hydrogen isotope transport in displacement-damaged EUROFER were determined using thermal desorption spectroscopy data. The presence of a surface limit for gas phase loading and a removal process for chemisorbed hydrogen from the surface were introduced to reconcile the lack of gas loading at low pressures and the measured uptake of hydrogen during plasma loading.
NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carl Randall Harrell
Summary: The invasion of microbial pathogens and/or sterile inflammation can cause detrimental immune responses in the eyes, leading to tissue injury and vision loss. Eye drops enriched with immunoregulatory and trophic factors have low bioavailability. Recent development of d-MAPPS (TM) has shown promising results in suppressing immune responses and promoting repair and regeneration of injured corneal and retinal tissues.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Aleksandra M. Mazitova, Ana Cristina Marquez-Sanchez, Ekaterina K. Koltsova
Summary: Adipose tissue inflammation is connected to chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer. Perivascular adipose tissue plays a role in atherosclerosis development and stores various immune cells. Recent studies show that adipocytes can directly respond to inflammatory stimuli.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Andrew J. Ciciriello, Bapurao Surnar, Giovanni D. Medy, Xiaoyu Su, Shanta Dhar, Courtney M. Dumont
Summary: Drug delivery requires precision in timing, location, and dosage. To address the challenges in achieving therapeutic benefits, researchers have developed the BEACON platform, which utilizes an implantable biomaterial as a target for systemically delivered nanoparticles (NPs). The BEACON system has demonstrated temporal dexterity, decreased off-target accumulation, and retention of NPs in the target biomaterial, showing its broad applicability in improving targeted drug delivery.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Review
Biology
Oscar F. Araneda, Cristian Rosales-Antequera, Felipe Contreras-Briceno, Marcelo Tuesta, Rafael Rossi-Serrano, Jose Magalhaes, Gines Viscor
Summary: Damage to the spinal cord affects the voluntary control of skeletal muscles and the autonomic nervous system, which in turn affects the cardiorespiratory system. Physical exercise may be a potential therapeutic strategy to improve lung functionality and control systemic and pulmonary inflammation. Specific respiratory muscular training or combined with general exercise protocols may positively contribute to the function of the respiratory system.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ludmilla Unrau, Jessica Endig, Diane Goltz, Paulina Sprezyna, Hanna Ulrich, Julia Hagenstein, Bernd Geers, Karina Kaftan, Lukas Carl Heukamp, Gisa Tiegs, Linda Diehl
Summary: This study examined the impact of Smad7 expression in myeloid cells on liver inflammation, injury, and fibrosis induction during chronic hepatic inflammation. The results showed that myeloid-specific knock-down of Smad7 did not affect the extent of chronic liver injury and inflammation induced by long-term application of CCl4. Therefore, Smad7 expression in myeloid cells and its potential effects on the TGF-beta-signalling pathway are dispensable for regulating chronic liver injury and inflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Andrea Zangrossi, Giorgia Cona, Miriam Celli, Marco Zorzi, Maurizio Corbetta
Summary: Individual variability in eye movements when viewing images of natural scenes can be summarized by three principal components, which depend more on subjects' intrinsic characteristics than the visual contents. The eyes move to the most salient and behaviorally relevant objects, with less known about the spatiotemporal properties of eye movements.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David A. Hart, Norimasa Nakamura
Summary: After injuries to musculoskeletal tissues, an inflammatory response occurs to promote endogenous repair, but it often results in functionally inferior scar tissue. Injuries in adults no longer have the anabolic processes that contribute to growth and maturation, which can lead to degenerative conditions such as osteoarthritis. Researchers have been exploring cellular therapies, such as Platelet-rich Plasma and mesenchymal stem/medicinal signaling cells, to enhance tissue repair and regeneration. However, implanting these cells or engineered constructs into an inflammatory adult environment may compromise their potential for regeneration. Therefore, it may be necessary to neutralize the inflammatory environment and create an anabolic environment for optimal outcomes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shikha Nayar, Joshua K. Morrison, Mamta Giri, Kyle Gettler, Ling-Shiang Chuang, Laura A. Walker, Huaibin M. Ko, Ephraim Kenigsberg, Subra Kugathasan, Miriam Merad, Jaime Chu, Judy H. Cho
Summary: NOD2 deficiency contributes to fibrosis and stricturing complications in Crohn's disease through dysregulated homeostasis of activated fibroblasts and macrophages, which can be ameliorated by gp130 blockade. Carriers of NOD2 risk alleles exhibit dysregulated homeostasis of activated fibroblasts and macrophages, suggesting a potential role for gp130 blockade in rescuing the activated program caused by NOD2 mutations.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Lele Shao, Yijie Zhao, Bo Zou, Xingmin Li, Ruitong Dai
Summary: The study found that the recovery rate of injured Staphylococcus aureus varied under different liquid media, temperatures, and pH levels, with the shortest repair time being 2 hours in NB at 37 degrees C and pH 7.2. Injured S. aureus showed decreased biofilm formation ability, mannitol fermentation, hemolysis, and coagulase activities, but these functions gradually recovered during the repair process. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed an increase in the expression of virulence factors sek, clfB, and lukH during recovery, indicating a restoration of virulence factors in repaired S. aureus.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Ziegon, Martin Schlegel
Summary: Netrin-1 plays a crucial role in various biological processes, including cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and survival. It has a dual role in both acute and chronic inflammation, influencing leukocyte migration and macrophage function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Mandy Busse, Susanne Plenagl, Norina Kim Jutta Campe, Andreas J. Mueller, Kerry Tedford, Anne Schumacher, Ana Claudia Zenclussen
Summary: The loss of MyD88 signaling in maternal B cells may lead to intrauterine fetal death during pregnancy, while the activation of this signal could protect the mother from infection but potentially harm the fetus.
Article
Biology
Tahel Ronel, Matthew Harries, Kate Wicks, Theres Oakes, Helen Singleton, Rebecca Dearman, Gavin Maxwell, Benny Chain
Summary: DPC induces allergic contact dermatitis and is used in the treatment of warts, melanoma, and alopecia areata. Response to DPC is mediated by a polyclonal population of T cells recognizing a small number of dominant antigens.
Article
Immunology
Siddharth Krishnan, Kelly Wemyss, Ian E. Prise, Flora A. McClure, Conor O'Boyle, Hayley M. Bridgeman, Tovah N. Shaw, John R. Grainger, Joanne E. Konkel
Summary: HSPCs were found to reside and differentiate in healthy gingiva, a key oral barrier. Gingival HSPCs exhibited similar characteristics to bone marrow HSPCs but responded differently to inflammatory insults, only responding to oral rather than systemic inflammation.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Asmaa Elkhamesy, Manar Refaat, Mona S. O. Gouida, Salma S. Alrdahe, Magdy M. Youssef
Summary: The study showed that curcumin and selenium have a protective effect against hepatocellular carcinoma induced by CCl4, restoring abnormal changes in biochemical parameters and inhibiting hepatic cell apoptosis through potent antioxidant activity.
JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maha S. Elsayed, Noha M. Eldadamony, Salma S. T. Alrdahe, WesamEldin I. A. Saber
Summary: This study explored the one-step bioprocessing of date palm fronds into citric acid using Trichoderma harzianum PWN6, selected for its high organic acid productivity. The innovative use of both DSD and ANN modeling techniques showed that the ANN model outperformed the DSD model in predicting citric acid production. The study confirmed citric acid as the only identified organic acid product, with Trichoderma harzianum PWN6 and date palm fronds showing promise for citric acid biosynthesis.
Article
Oncology
K. Banfill, W. Croxford, I Fornacon-Wood, K. Wicks, S. Ahmad, A. Britten, C. Carson, N. Dorey, M. Hatton, C. Hiley, K. Thippu Jayaprakash, A. Jegannathen, P. Koh, N. Panakis, C. Peedell, A. Pope, C. Powell, C. Stilwell, B. Thomas, E. Toy, V Wood, S. Yahya, S. Y. Zhou, G. Price, C. Faivre-Finn
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic led to changes in the treatment of lung cancer patients, mainly an increase in hypofractionation. Factors associated with treatment changes included age, gender, and disease stage.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adil Farooq, Arfa Iqbal, Nosheen Fatima Rana, Misha Fatima, Tuba Maryam, Farhat Batool, Zahra Rehman, Farid Menaa, Shabia Azhar, Afrah Nawaz, Faheem Amin, Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh, Salma Saleh Alrdahe
Summary: Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a global threat to human population, mainly caused by alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and non-alcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD may progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), leading to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Vitexin, a natural flavonoid, has been reported to inhibit NAFLD. However, its low bioavailability and efficacy due to hydrophobic nature limit its therapeutic potential. In this study, vitexin encapsulated liposomes with polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating were developed and showed promising results for the treatment of liver cirrhosis through oral drug delivery.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philip C. Robinson, David F. L. Liew, Helen L. Tanner, John R. Grainger, Raymond A. Dwek, Ronald B. Reisler, Lawrence Steinman, Marc Feldmann, Ling-Pei Ho, Tracy Hussell, Paul Moss, Duncan Richards, Nicole Zitzmann
Summary: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and the resulting COVID-19 pandemic have had a significant impact on global society. While substantial investment in life sciences has led to rapid advancements in viral characterization, testing, and the development of highly effective vaccines, drug treatments for COVID-19 have been limited. Innovative approaches in clinical trials and repurposing existing drugs have saved lives, but there is still a need for further development of therapeutics. It is important to address the challenges and unmet needs in order to prepare for future pandemics and ensure the cost-effective development and equitable distribution of new therapeutics.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Yu-Juan Zhang, Muhammad Tahir Khan, Madeeha Shahzad Lodhi, Hadba Al-Amrah, Salma Saleh Alrdahe, Hanan Ali Alatawi, Doaa Bahaa Eldin Darwish
Summary: This study investigated mutations and their effects on pncB1 and pncB2 structures in drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Pakistan, revealing novel mutations and observing impacts on protein stability.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Aishah E. Albalawi, Norah A. Althobaiti, Salma S. Alrdahe, Reem Hasaballah Alhasani, Fatima S. Alaryani, Mona N. BinMowyna
Summary: The present study evaluated the antitumor effects of royal jelly (RJ) obtained from Apis mellifera compared with cyclophosphamide against Ehrlich solid tumors (EST) in mice. The results showed that RJ significantly reduced tumor volume, inhibited tumor growth, and improved antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in EST mice. These findings suggest that oral administration of RJ may be a promising anticancer agent.
BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Ashraf Elsayed, Zeiad Moussa, Salma Saleh Alrdahe, Maha Mohammed Alharbi, Abeer A. Ghoniem, Ayman Y. El-khateeb, WesamEldin I. A. Saber
Summary: In this study, the biosorption of Co(II) by Pseudomonas alcaliphila NEWG-2 was modeled using definitive screening design (DSD) and artificial neural network (ANN). Factors such as peptone, incubation time, pH, glycerol, glucose, K2HPO4, and initial cobalt were found to have a significant effect on the biosorption process. The ANN model showed accurate prediction ability with high response for training and validation, leading to a 96.32 +/- 2.1% cobalt bioremoval when applying the optimal levels obtained by the ANN model. No attempt has been made to optimize the biosorption of Co(II) by P. alcaliphila using DSD or ANN paradigm, making this study significant in filling this gap.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Namrita Kaur, Andrea Ruiz-Velasco, Rida Raja, Gareth Howell, Jessica M. Miller, Riham R. E. Abouleisa, Qinghui Ou, Kimberly Mace, Susanne S. Hille, Norbert Frey, Pablo Binder, Craig P. Smith, Helene Fachim, Handrean Soran, Eileithyia Swanton, Tamer M. A. Mohamed, Oliver J. Mueller, Xin Wang, Jonathan Chernoff, Elizabeth J. Cartwright, Wei Liu
Summary: Myocardial inflammation contributes to cardiomyopathy in diabetic patients, primarily through inflammation induced by abnormal ER. Studies have revealed that ER stress-induced CHOP is a novel regulator of HMGB1 in the heart, with HMGB1 release promoting macrophage polarization and aggravating myocardial inflammation.
Article
Immunology
Laura McCulloch, Alison J. Harris, Alexandra Malbon, Michael J. D. Daniels, Mehwish Younas, John R. Grainger, Stuart M. Allan, Craig J. Smith, Barry W. McColl
Summary: Post-stroke infection is a common complication of stroke, and the ablation of B cells and reduction in IgM antibody levels after stroke could increase susceptibility to infection. Treatment with IgM-enriched intravenous immunoglobulin (IgM-IVIg) improves bacterial clearance from the lung and lung pathology after stroke, and induces immunomodulatory effects systemically. IgM-IVIg shows promise as a treatment for post-stroke infection.
Article
Cell Biology
Daniel M. Williams, Lale Gungordu, Anthony Jackson-Crawford, Martin Lowe
Summary: Endocytosis is critical for cellular development and tissue homeostasis, and can be visualized using fluorescent tracers and live imaging. This study demonstrates the role of Lowe syndrome protein Ocrl in endocytic trafficking and suggests that the RAP-binding receptor Lrp2 only partially contributes to neuroepithelial RAP endocytosis.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Mohammed Ali, Long Miao, Fathia A. Soudy, Doaa Bahaa Eldin Darwish, Salma Saleh Alrdahe, Dikhnah Alshehri, Vagner A. Benedito, Million Tadege, Xiaobo Wang, Jian Zhao
Summary: Over-expressing five terpene synthesis genes isolated from Glycine max and Salvia guaranitica enhanced root nodule formation in soybean by increasing root nodule numbers, fresh weight, and root length. The terpene content in transgenic soybean hairy roots, including monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and diterpenes, was significantly increased compared to the control, suggesting potential effects on soybean root growth and nodulation. This study provides novel insights into the epistatic relationship between terpenoids, root development, and nodulation in soybean.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ragaa A. Hamouda, Neveen G. El-Boraey, Badr E. El Bialy, Salma Saleh Alrdahe, Doaa Bahaa Eldin Darwish
Summary: The addition of vitamins during Spirulina platensis cultivation can improve its biomass, pigment, and phytochemical content, thereby increasing its antioxidant capacity.
GREEN PROCESSING AND SYNTHESIS
(2022)