Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Trent A. C. Newman, Bruno Beltran, James M. McGehee, Daniel Elnatan, Cori K. Cahoon, Michael R. Paddy, Daniel B. Chu, Andrew J. Spakowitz, Sean M. Burgess
Summary: By combining time-resolved in vivo analysis with modeling at the granular level, researchers have revealed the dynamic behavior between chromosomes during pairing. They found that the majority of cells exhibit a mixed phenotype where foci move into and out of proximity, suggesting that the axial structures in meiosis may be more dynamic than expected.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Paola Vagnarelli
Summary: The ultimate goal of cell division is to generate two identical daughter cells resembling the mother cell. Mitotic exit, which completes genomic material separation and rebuilds cellular structures, is a highly regulated process in space and time. Our understanding of mitotic exit is still limited compared to earlier stages of mitosis.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoyu Song, Fengrui Yang, Xu Liu, Peng Xia, Wu Yin, Zhikai Wang, Yong Wang, Xiao Yuan, Zhen Dou, Kai Jiang, Mingming Ma, Bing Hu, Rui Zhang, Chao Xu, Zhiyong Zhang, Ke Ruan, Ruijun Tian, Lin Li, Tao Liu, Donald L. Hill, Jianye Zang, Xing Liu, Jinsong Li, Jinke Cheng, Xuebiao Yao
Summary: This study identified a new mitosis-specific crotonylation-regulated astral microtubule-EB1-NuMA interaction that plays a crucial role in accurate spindle positioning. Real-time imaging of chromosome movements in HeLa cells expressing genetically encoded crotonylated EB1 demonstrated the importance of crotonylation dynamics for precise control of spindle orientation during metaphase-anaphase transition. These findings highlight a general signaling cascade that integrates protein crotonylation with accurate spindle positioning for chromosome stability in mitosis.
NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Krishnamoorthy Sreenivasan, Alejandra Rodriguez-delaRosa, Johnny Kim, Diana Mesquita, Jessica Segales, Pablo Gomez-del Arco, Isabel Espejo, Alessandro Ianni, Luciano Di Croce, Frederic Relaix, Juan Miguel Redondo, Thomas Braun, Antonio L. Serrano, Eusebio Perdiguero, Pura Munoz-Canoves
Summary: CHD4 plays a crucial role in the expansion and regenerative functions of satellite cells during muscle regeneration. Deletion of Chd4 results in increased stem cell plasticity and lineage infidelity, impairing muscle regeneration. Therefore, CHD4 is an attractive target for satellite cell-based therapies in various neuromuscular pathologies.
Article
Plant Sciences
Chiara Di Dio, Heidi Serra, Pierre Sourdille, James D. Higgins
Summary: During meiosis, ASYNAPSIS 1 (ASY1) promotes inter-homolog recombination, synapsis, and crossover formation. Decreased chiasmata and delayed meiotic prophase I progression were observed in asy1 hypomorphic mutants, while asy1 null mutants showed arrested development. On the other hand, the ectopic recombination between non-homologous chromosomes increased in these mutants. Therefore, asy1 mutants can be used to enhance recombination between wheat wild relatives and elite varieties for accelerating the introgression of important agronomic traits.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hafsa Chbaly, Daniel Forgues, Samia Ben Rajeb
Summary: Improving project definition practices by understanding client needs and enhancing communication between architects and clients can increase client value generation and achieve better project performance in terms of environmental and social sustainability.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Puja Chakraborty, Ratnadip Paul, Abhishek Chowdhury, Nayonika Mukherjee, Somsubhra Nath, Susanta Roychoudhury
Summary: This study investigates the role of histone ubiquitylation in transcription regulation, particularly the mono-ubiquitylation of histone 2B by RING finger motif-containing ubiquitin ligases. The study shows that the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), along with its adapter protein Cdc20, catalyses the mono-ubiquitylation of Lysine-120 on the UBCH10 promoter. The study also uncovers a cell-cycle-specific pattern of this modification and suggests a crosstalk between acetylation and ubiquitylation in UBCH10 trans-regulation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Juli Jing, Nan Wu, Wanyue Xu, Yingxiang Wang, Wojciech P. Pawlowski, Yan He
Summary: This study reveals the role of ACOZ1 in regulating chromosome organization and crossover formation during plant meiosis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anja Bufe, Ana Garcia del Arco, Magdalena Hennecke, Anchel de Jaime-Soguero, Matthias Ostermaier, Yu-Chih Lin, Anja Ciprianidis, Janina Hattemer, Ulrike Engel, Petra Beli, Holger Bastians, Sergio P. Acebron
Summary: Canonical Wnt signaling is crucial for development and tissue renewal by regulating beta-catenin target genes, while non-canonical Wnt signaling is also involved in mitosis. This study identified the role of Wnt signaling in regulating KIF2A during cell division, which is essential for chromosome alignment. Dishevelled recruits KIF2A and Wnt signaling modulates KIF2A interaction with PLK1, highlighting the importance of Wnt signaling in cell division and genome maintenance.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biology
Ina Lantzsch, Che-Hang Yu, Yu-Zen Chen, Vitaly Zimyanin, Hossein Yazdkhasti, Norbert Lindow, Erik Szentgyoergyi, Ariel M. Pani, Steffen Prohaska, Martin Srayko, Sebastian Furthauer, Stefanie Redemann
Summary: Female meiotic spindles undergo significant morphological changes from metaphase to anaphase, with an increase in microtubule numbers, decrease in average length, and significant changes in microtubule lengths near the chromosome surface. Microtubule turnover is the major driver of spindle rearrangements, with a minor fraction of microtubules being severed in metaphase, mainly those in close contact with chromosomes. The mechanisms of microtubule severing in this transition appear to be dependent on katanin.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yang Liu, Chunhui Wang, Handong Su, James A. Birchler, Fangpu Han
Summary: Haspin regulates chromosomal localization and segregation in both human and plant cells through H3T3 phosphorylation, with slightly different roles observed in mitosis and meiosis in plants. Plant Haspin lacks motifs necessary for binding to specific proteins involved in cohesion, leading to distinct mechanisms of action compared to animals.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Austin P. Harvey, Chien-Hui Chuang, Eisuke P. Sumiyoshi, Bruce Bowerman
Summary: The complex of two regulators of microtubule stability, ZYG-9 and TAC-1, has multiple and separable requirements during acentrosomal oocyte spindle assembly. They promote the coalescence of early pole foci into a bipolar structure and maintain pole stability, both of which are essential for proper chromosome separation. ZYG-9 and TAC-1 are also required for spindle assembly during the second meiotic cell division.
Review
Cell Biology
Aamir Ali, P. Todd Stukenberg
Summary: Cell division events are regulated to occur in a distinct order. The traditional view is that events are ordered based on changes in Cyclin Dependent Kinase (CDK) activities. However, recent studies suggest that events are actually ordered based on the position of chromatids during anaphase. This positioning is regulated by a gradient of Aurora B kinase activity and Aurora A kinase activity.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Anne MacKenzie, Victoria Vicory, Soni Lacefield
Summary: To prevent chromosome mis-segregation, cells activate a surveillance mechanism called the spindle checkpoint. This checkpoint delays the cell cycle if kinetochores are not properly attached to spindle microtubules. While previous studies have shown that mitotic cells can escape from prolonged spindle checkpoint activation through a process called mitotic slippage, it is unclear whether meiotic cells have a similar response. In this study, the researchers compared mitotic and meiotic yeast cells and found that meiotic cells have a shorter spindle checkpoint delay and utilize distinct mechanisms, such as silencing the checkpoint at the kinetochore and slippage, to escape checkpoint signaling.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siyu Huang, Pin Wan, Shanyu Huang, Siyu Liu, Qi Xiang, Ge Yang, Muhammad Adnan Shereen, Pan Pan, Jun Wang, Weiyong Liu, Kailang Wu, Jianguo Wu
Summary: The study reveals that APC10 is a critical mediator in regulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation during the cell cycle, acting as a switch by interacting with NLRP3 to either promote or repress inflammatory responses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yael Cohen-Sharir, James M. McFarland, Mai Abdusamad, Carolyn Marquis, Sara V. Bernhard, Mariya Kazachkova, Helen Tang, Marica R. Ippolito, Kathrin Laue, Johanna Zerbib, Heidi L. H. Malaby, Andrew Jones, Lisa-Marie Stautmeister, Irena Bockaj, Rene Wardenaar, Nicholas Lyons, Ankur Nagaraja, Adam J. Bass, Diana C. J. Spierings, Floris Foijer, Rameen Beroukhim, Stefano Santaguida, Todd R. Golub, Jason Stumpff, Zuzana Storchova, Uri Ben-David
Summary: The study shows that aneuploid cancer cells are more sensitive to genetic perturbation of SAC components and their long-term proliferation is jeopardized. Furthermore, aneuploid cells exhibit aberrant spindle geometry and dynamics, which result in mitotic defects and less-fit karyotypes over time.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carolyn Marquis, Cindy L. Fonseca, Katelyn A. Queen, Lisa Wood, Sarah E. Vandal, Heidi L. H. Malaby, Joseph E. Clayton, Jason Stumpff
Summary: Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark of tumor cells, caused by changes in microtubule dynamics and control compromising the mitotic spindle. Inhibition of KIF18A results in mitotic delays, multipolar spindles, and increased cell death in CIN tumor cells. Sensitivity to KIF18A knockdown is strongly correlated with centrosome fragmentation, providing a potential target to reduce proliferative capacity of CIN cells.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Leslie A. Sepaniac, Whitney Martin, Louise A. Dionne, Timothy M. Stearns, Laura G. Reinholdt, Jason Stumpff
Summary: Micronuclei are associated with tumorigenesis, but not all micronuclei actively promote tumor formation. Loss of Kif18a results in stable nuclear envelopes around micronuclei, potentially enhancing chromatin expansion.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Candice Byers, Catrina Spruce, Haley J. Fortin, Ellen Hartig, Anne Czechanski, Steven C. Munger, Laura G. Reinholdt, Daniel A. Skelly, Christopher L. Baker
Summary: Genetically diverse pluripotent stem cells exhibit varied responses to differentiation cues, with some strains showing a propensity toward neuroectoderm lineages while others retain aspects of naive pluripotency. Genetic mapping identified major regulators of chromatin accessibility and gene expression in both naive and formative pluripotency, demonstrating genetically determined biases in lineage commitment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
April L. Solon, Zhenyu Tan, Katherine L. Schutt, Lauren Jepsen, Sarah E. Haynes, Alexey Nesvizhskii, David Sept, Jason Stumpff, Ryoma Ohi, Michael A. Cianfrocco
Summary: KIFBP is found to remodel kinesin motors and block microtubule binding by inducing allosteric changes to kinesin and sterically blocking access to the microtubule. The study also identifies two regions of KIFBP essential for kinesin binding and cellular regulation during mitosis.
Article
Biology
Alex F. Thompson, Patrick R. Blackburn, Noah S. Arons, Sarah N. Stevens, Dusica Babovic-Vuksanovic, Jane B. Lian, Eric W. Klee, Jason Stumpff
Summary: This study reveals that mutations in KIF22 disrupt chromosome segregation in anaphase, leading to reduced proliferation and abnormal cell morphology. It demonstrates the significance of regulating KIF22 activity and maintaining force balance in anaphase.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aditi Sahu, Kivanc Kose, Lukas Kraehenbuehl, Candice Byers, Aliya Holland, Teguru Tembo, Anthony Santella, Anabel Alfonso, Madison Li, Miguel Cordova, Melissa Gill, Christi Fox, Salvador Gonzalez, Piyush Kumar, Amber Weiching Wang, Nicholas Kurtansky, Pratik Chandrani, Shen Yin, Paras Mehta, Cristian Navarrete-Dechent, Gary Peterson, Kimeil King, Stephen Dusza, Ning Yang, Shuaitong Liu, William Phillips, Pascale Guitera, Anthony Rossi, Allan Halpern, Liang Deng, Melissa Pulitzer, Ashfaq Marghoob, Chih-Shan Jason Chen, Taha Merghoub, Milind Rajadhyaksha
Summary: The response to immunotherapies is unpredictable and variable. Traditional pathology-based phenotyping of tumors is unable to accurately predict treatment response to immunotherapy. Researchers have developed a non-invasive in vivo imaging technique using reflectance confocal microscopy to combine inflammation profiles with vascular features, allowing for dynamic cellular-level phenotyping of the tumor immune microenvironment. This approach provides a more reliable predictor of response to immune therapy in skin cancer patients.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Candice Byers, Melissa Gill, Nicholas R. R. Kurtansky, Christi Alessi-Fox, Maggie Harman, Miguel Cordova, Salvador Gonzalez, Pascale Guitera, Veronica Rotemberg, Ashfaq Marghoob, Chih-Shan Jason Chen, Jennifer Dy, Kivanc Kose, Milind Rajadhyaksha, Aditi Sahu
Summary: Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) act as local reservoirs of T- and B-cells in chronic inflammation, autoimmunity, and cancer. TLS presence is associated with improved response to immune checkpoint blockade therapies, but its prognostic value in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is unknown. This study found that TLS prevalence and maturation in BCC were related to anti-tumor immunity measures such as TIL counts. The fibrillary matrix surrounding tumors was also associated with TIL counts, suggesting potential impediments to TLS function in driving anti-tumor immunity.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Belinda K. Cornes, Carolyn Paisie, Emily Swanzey, Peter D. Fields, Andrew Schile, Kelly Brackett, Laura G. Reinholdt, Anuj Srivastava
Summary: Outbred laboratory mice are widely used in biomedical research due to their availability and high fecundity. High throughput sequencing has been used to confirm the common origin of outbred stocks and define distinct populations. Exome sequencing of a newly established Swiss-derived outbred stock revealed its genetic architecture and provided a basis for genetic quality control. Comparison to a multiparent outbred stock showed higher interindividual variability and genetic variation, indicating different selective pressures. The findings highlight the suitability of each stock for specific research applications.
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Cayla E. Jewett, Bailey L. McCurdy, Eileen T. O'Toole, Alexander J. Stemm-Wolf, Katherine S. Given, Carrie H. Lin, Valerie Olsen, Whitney Martin, Laura Reinholdt, Joaquin M. Espinosa, Kelly D. Sullivan, Wendy B. Macklin, Rytis Prekeris, Chad G. Pearson
Summary: Trisomy 21 disrupts primary cilia formation and function through elevated Pericentrin, which affects MyosinVA and EHD1 localization and delays ciliary membrane delivery and mother centriole uncapping. Trisomy 21 cells eventually ciliate, but demonstrate persistent trafficking defects that decrease sonic hedgehog signaling in correlation with Pericentrin levels. Elevated Pericentrin in a mouse model of Down syndrome results in fewer primary cilia and thinner granular layers in the cerebellum, consistent with the neurological phenotypes of individuals with Down syndrome.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aleksandar Mihajlovic, Candice Byers, Laura Reinholdt, Greg Fitzharris
Summary: Chromosome segregation errors in mammalian oocyte meiosis, including SAC ineffectiveness in meiosis-II, contribute to age-related aneuploidy.