Article
Cell Biology
Lesley R. de Armas, Suresh Pallikkuth, Li Pan, Stefano Rinaldi, Rajendra Pahwa, Savita Pahwa
Summary: The study found that people living with HIV who received anti-retroviral therapy experienced accelerated immune aging compared to healthy controls, and immune biomarkers in blood samples could be used as an indicator of "immunological age" during HIV infection treated with ART.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhou Liu, Peter Julius, Guobin Kang, John T. West, Charles Wood
Summary: This study investigated the subtype C HIV-1 reservoirs and found variations in quantity and distribution of proviral copies, primarily detected in secondary lymphoid tissues. Unlike subtype B, subtype C provirus and HIV-1 RNA were rarely detectable in the central nervous system. In addition, HIV-1 RNA was detected in peripheral lymphoid tissues, and the appendix was identified as a potential previously unreported treatment-resistant reservoir for subtype C HIV-1.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rossella Tozzi, Davide Masi, Fiammetta Cipriani, Savina Contini, Elena Gangitano, Maria Elena Spoltore, Ilaria Barchetta, Sabrina Basciani, Mikiko Watanabe, Enke Baldini, Salvatore Ulisse, Carla Lubrano, Lucio Gnessi, Stefania Mariani
Summary: This study evaluated the relationship between SIRT1 and sclerostin with bone mass and quality, finding a negative correlation between SIRT1 and bone density, and a negative correlation between sclerostin and bone mass. The results suggest that blood measurement of SIRT1 and sclerostin, taking into account weight and adiposity, can provide a more accurate assessment of bone health.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
F. Guo, X. Song, Y. Li, W. Guan, W. Pan, W. Yu, T. Li, E. Hsieh
Summary: This study is the first to report changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and related risk factors among Chinese HIV patients after initiation of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-containing antiretroviral therapy. Patients treated with TDF experienced greater BMD loss. These findings provide important insights for the long-term clinical management of HIV patients in China.
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Zunaid Barday, Kathryn Manning, Robert Freercks, Laurie Bertels, Nicola Wearne, Elmi Muller
Summary: Managing the interaction between ART and CNI immunosuppression in HIV-positive kidney transplant recipients is challenging. This study retrospectively analyzed ART regimen switches in 53 patients and found that PI-based regimen may be associated with increased rejection rates.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Bei Li, Leidan Zhang, Ying Liu, Jing Xiao, Xinyue Wang, Yuqing Wei, Lina Fan, Yujiao Duan, Guoli Li, Yaxian Kong, Hongxin Zhao
Summary: This research aimed to investigate the dynamic changes and related risk factors of thrombocytopenia and thrombocytosis in HIV-infected individuals before and after initiating antiretroviral therapy. The study involved 6637 HIV patients starting ART at Beijing Ditan Hospital. Risk factors for thrombocytopenia and thrombocytosis were identified, along with recovery rates and new-onset incidence. The driving forces of thrombocytosis were also discussed, suggesting the need for further research on treatment strategies.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Gerrit Kann, Nils Wetzstein, Hannah Bielke, Gundolf Schuettfort, Annette E. Haberl, Timo Wolf, Claus P. Kuepper-Tetzel, Imke Wieters, Johanna Kessel, Philipp de Leuw, Markus Bickel, Pavel Khaykin, Christoph Stephan
Summary: The study aimed to identify risk factors and predictors for PCP-IRIS in HIV-infected patients receiving cART during PCPT. Results showed that patients with IRIS had higher re-hospitalization rate, longer hospitalization, and increased intensive care treatment. Higher HIV-RNA level and lower serum IgG levels before cART initiation were associated with the development of IRIS in PCP patients.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Xiangwen Shi, Yipeng Wu, Linmeng Tang, Haonan Ni, Yongqing Xu
Summary: The study aimed to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for Ewing's sarcoma (ES). Prognosis-related hub genes were identified in the GSE17679 dataset and validated in other datasets, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. Mechanisms of ES were explored through Gene Ontology, KEGG pathway analyses, GSEA, GSVA, and PPI networks. ANXA1 was identified as a key gene for ES prognosis and was associated with metastasis and the immunosuppressive microenvironment. ANXA1 knockdown promoted cell proliferation in RD-ES cells. ANXA1 may serve as an independent prognostic biomarker for ES patients and further validation is needed.
Article
Immunology
Lise Marty, Yakhara Diawara, Antoine Rachas, Sophie Grabar, Dominique Costagliola, Virginie Supervie
Summary: By 2030, close to 20% of the aPLdHIV population in France will be aged 70 or older, with over 40% of them having started ART more than 30 years ago. These estimates are crucial for adapting co-morbidities screening and resource provision in the aged care sector.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Debjani Guha, Vikas Misra, Jun Yin, Dana Gabuzda
Summary: Despite viral suppression in the blood, HIV can still establish a viral reservoir in the CNS. The phenomenon of CSF viral escape, where HIV RNA is detectable in the CSF despite undetectable levels in plasma, occurs in a minority of people with HIV. This study identified biomarkers associated with asymptomatic CSF viral escape, including markers of inflammation and glial activation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brenda Kitilya, George PrayGod, Robert Peck, John Changalucha, Kidola Jeremiah, Bazil Baltazar Kavishe, Henrik Friis, Suzanne Filteau, Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen, Rikke Krogh-Madsen, Soren Brage, Mette F. Olsen
Summary: In Mwanza, Tanzania, HIV-infected individuals have lower levels of physical activity and capacity compared to HIV-uninfected individuals. The correlates of physical activity and capacity differ between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals.
Article
Immunology
Carolyne M. Kifude, Ashleigh Roberds, Janet Oyieko, Stephen Ocholla, Solomon Otieno, John N. Waitumbi, Jack Hutter, Hunter Smith, Nathanial K. Copeland, Shirley Luckhart, V. Ann Stewart
Summary: This study highlights significant interactions between malaria and HIV-1. HIV-1 negative individuals have a higher risk of malaria, while HIV-1 positive individuals on ART/TS have a reduced risk of asymptomatic malaria. The use of TS for malaria treatment has a long-term impact on asymptomatic malaria, while the use of antimalarial drug AL has a transient effect.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Sara Svensson Akusjarvi, Shuba Krishnan, Bianca B. Jutte, Anoop T. Ambikan, Soham Gupta, Jimmy Esneider Rodriguez, Akos Vegvari, Maike Sperk, Piotr Nowak, Jan Vesterbacka, J. Peter Svensson, Anders Sonnerborg, Ujjwal Neogi
Summary: The study reveals that individuals who naturally control the virus HIV-1 exhibit a unique chemokine receptor profile and lower levels of apoptosis and p53 signaling proteins, indicating a heightened sensitivity to cell death mechanisms. This data sheds light on the mechanisms of natural control of HIV-1 infection in comparison to individuals on suppressive antiretroviral therapy and HIV-negative controls.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Harshavardhan Budharaju, Shruthy Suresh, Muthu Parkkavi Sekar, Brigita De Vega, Swaminathan Sethuraman, Dhakshinamoorthy Sundaramurthi, Deepak M. Kalaskar
Summary: Ceramic bone implants have potential properties ideal for long-term implantation applications, and they have advantages including biocompatibility, low cost, and the ability to be made into various shapes. Bone transplantation is the second largest transplantation surgery globally, indicating hope for potential treatment options for bone diseases.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Delphine Gabillard, Jean-Baptiste N'takpe, Marie-Laure Chaix, Gerard M. Kouame, Raoul Moh, Thomas-d'Aquin Toni, Jerome Le Carrou, Sophie Karcher, Anani Badje, Arlette Emieme, Herve Menan, Christine Danel, Xavier Anglaret, Serge P. Eholie
Summary: The Temprano trial showed that early initiation of ART can reduce the risk of virological failure and drug resistance in the medium term, which is especially important for resource-limited countries. Patients in the deferred group who started ART after 30 months had a higher rate of virological failure and a lower genotypic susceptibility score.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nuria Martinez-Gil, Neus Roca-Ayats, Monica Cozar, Natalia Garcia-Giralt, Diana Ovejero, Xavier Nogues, Daniel Grinberg, Susanna Balcells
Summary: This study assessed the functionality of two variants of SOST and investigated the physical interactors of the SOST proximal promoter region in bone cells. Results showed that these variants affected the expression of SOST and had physical contacts with far-reaching genomic sequences.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Guillem Deus, Silvia Gomez-Zorrilla, Daniel Echeverria-Esnal, Ana Siverio, Robert Guerri-Fernandez, Jesus Ares, Nuria Campillo, Emili Letang, Hernando Knobel, Santiago Grau, Juan Pablo Horcajada
Summary: This case report describes an atypical case of osteoarticular cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent patient, treated with antifungal therapy without surgical debridement and monitoring of fluconazole plasma concentrations. The patient also underwent fluconazole desensitization due to toxidermia. This treatment regimen may help reduce hospital stay and associated complications.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Maria Ema Molas, Hernando Knobel, Olivia Ferrandez, Marta de Antonio Cusco, Nuria Carballo Martinez, Cristina Rodriguez Caba, Sonia Luque, Ana Guelar, Silvia Castaneda Espinosa, Santiago Grau
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the degree of satisfaction and acceptability of the Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) based on community pharmacy support (ARTCP) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that HIV patients had a high degree of satisfaction with the ARTCP model, with many benefits reported such as proximity to home and reduced risk of COVID-19 infection. Only a small percentage of patients reported disadvantages associated with ARTCP.
REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Natalia Garcia-Giralt, Neus Roca-Ayats, Josep F. Abril, Nuria Martinez-Gil, Diana Ovejero, Santos Castaneda, Xavier Nogues, Daniel Grinberg, Susanna Balcells, Raquel Rabionet
Summary: Atypical femoral fractures (AFF) are rare fragility fractures in the subtrochanteric or diaphysis femoral region associated with long-term bisphosphonate (BP) treatment. Genetic analysis identified multiple genes, including DAAM2 and LRP5, as being associated with AFF. Gene interaction analysis revealed a complex network among bone-related genes and other mutated genes. Biological function analysis highlighted cytoskeleton and cilium organization as potentially relevant to AFF.
Article
Immunology
Inmaculada Lopez Montesinos, Itziar Arrieta-Aldea, Aitor Dicastillo, Flavio Zuccarino, Luisa Sorli, Roberto Guerri-Fernandez, Isabel Arnau-Barres, Maria Milagro Montero, Ana Siverio-Pares, Xavier Duran, Maria del Mar Arenas, Ariadna Brase Arnau, Esperanza Canas-Ruano, Silvia Castaneda, Ignacio Domingo Kamber, Joan Gomez-Junyent, Ivan Pelegrin, Francisca Sanchez Martinez, Elena Sendra, Lucia Suaya Leiro, Judit Villar-Garcia, Xavier Nogues, Santiago Grau, Hernando Knobel, Silvia Gomez-Zorrilla, Juan Pablo Horcajada
Summary: COVID-19 cases had higher disease severity and mortality, as well as longer hospital stays and higher costs compared to influenza cases requiring supplemental oxygen.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jade Soldado-Folgado, Juan Jose Chillaron, Esperanza Canas-Ruano, Itziar Arrieta-Aldea, Alicia Gonzalez-Mena, Fabiola Blasco-Hernando, Hernando Knobel, Natalia Garcia-Giralt, Robert Guerri-Fernandez
Summary: This study assessed the bone health of long-term non-progressors (LTNPs) with HIV infection and found that they have worse bone tissue quality and a different inflammatory profile compared to HIV progressors and HIV-negative individuals, indicating that HIV infection itself has a negative effect on bone tissue through persistent inflammation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marta Pineda-Moncusi, Leena El-Hussein, Antonella Delmestri, Cyrus Cooper, Alireza Moayyeri, Cesar Libanati, Emese Toth, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra, Sara Khalid
Summary: The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence rate of cardiovascular disease events among high-risk fracture patients and identify key risk factors. The results showed that incident fragility fracture patients had the highest risk, and using the LASSO regression model improved prediction of cardiovascular disease events.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Anna Martin Vilardell, Vanesa Cantillo Alzamora, Luana Vittoria Bauso, Cristina Madrid, Pavel Krakhmalev, Mihaela Albu, Ina Yadroitsava, Igor Yadroitsev, Natalia Garcia-Giralt
Summary: In situ-alloyed Ti6Al4V(ELI)-3at.%Cu was successfully manufactured by laser powder bed fusion. Stress relieving and annealing treatments resulted in microstructural changes, with an increase in β phase and CuTi2 intermetallic precipitates. The increase in Cu ions release from the β phase led to antibacterial behavior and inhibited biofilm formation.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL BIOMATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Pablo Acin, Sonia Luque, Isaac Subirana, Joan Vila, Xenia Fernandez-Sala, Ana Guelar, Marta de Antonio-Cusco, Itziar Arrieta, Hernando Knobel
Summary: A scoring tool was developed to predict nonadherence in HIV patients starting antiretroviral therapy (ART). Patient-related factors that predict nonadherence, such as prejudice, appointment failures, cultural barriers, alcohol and substance abuse, unstable housing, and mental illness, were identified. The tool showed high sensitivity and specificity in predicting nonadherence, and could be used to optimize resources and achieve treatment goals.
AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jorge Palacio-Vieira, Sergio Moreno-Fornes, Yesika Diaz, Jordi Aceiton, Andreu K. Bruguera, Daniel M. Nomah, Josep Llibre, Hernando Knobel, Ivan Chivite, Jose M. Miro, Pere Domingo, Paula Suanzes, Francisco Fanjul, Gemma Navarro, Lizza Macorigh, Arantzazu Mera, Jordi Casabona, Arkaitz Imaz, Juliana Reyes-Uruena
Summary: The characteristics of people living with HIV who are lost to follow-up have changed over time. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the rates of loss to follow-up, but the influencing factors remain similar. Epidemiological trends among people who are lost to follow-up can be utilized to prevent new losses of care and reduce barriers to achieving the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS 95-95-95 targets.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jade Soldado-Folgado, Oriol Rins-Lozano, Itziar Arrieta-Aldea, Alicia Gonzale-Mena, Esperanza Canas-Ruano, Hernando Knobel, Natalia Garcia-Giralt, Robert Guerri-Fernandez
Summary: This pilot study aimed to assess the impact of switching from TDF to TAF ART on bone density and quality. The results showed an improvement in bone quality after switching to TAF treatment, while bone density remained unchanged. Therefore, TAF may have broader benefits for bone health beyond bone density.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Javier Meseguer-Donlo, Jade Soldado-Folgado, Juan Du, Alicia Gonzalez-Mena, Fabiola Blasco-Hernando, Esperanza Canas-Ruano, Xavier Nogues, Hernando Knobel, Natalia Garcia-Giralt, Robert Guerri-Fernandez
Summary: HIV infection leads to chronic inflammation and accelerated aging. This study found that circulating miRNAs in treatment-naive HIV-infected individuals were altered, and these alterations persisted after one year of treatment.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Julia Gutierrez-San-Juan, Itziar Arrieta-Aldea, Isabel Arnau-Barres, Greta Garcia-Escobar, Elisabet Lerma-Chipirraz, Paula Perez-Garcia, Agustin Marcos, Fabiola Blasco-Hernando, Alicia Gonzalez-Mena, Esperanza Canas, Hernando Knobel, Robert Guerri-Fernandez
Summary: This study investigated the main risk factors for neurocognitive disorders and frailty in HIV older adults. The results showed that low education level, a nadir CD4+ T-cell count < 350 cells/mm(3), and the presence of comorbidities were associated with an increased risk of neurocognitive disorders.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)