Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Roberta Schellino, Marina Boido, Jan W. Vrijbloed, Ruggero G. Fariello, Alessandro Vercelli
Summary: Sarcopenia is the primary cause of impaired motor performance in the elderly. Inhibiting the myostatin system through ActR-Fc-nLG3 administration can enhance motor endurance and muscle strength in both young and old mice, potentially providing a treatment option for sarcopenia and other striatal muscle disorders.
Article
Cell Biology
Madoka Ikemoto-Uezumi, Heying Zhou, Tamaki Kurosawa, Yuki Yoshimoto, Masashi Toyoda, Nobuo Kanazawa, Tatsu Nakazawa, Mitsuhiro Morita, Kunihiro Tsuchida, Akiyoshi Uezumi
Summary: The study reveals an association between increased MFG-E8 levels in skeletal muscle and sarcopenia, suggesting that MFG-E8 may contribute to the degeneration of neuromuscular junctions. Targeting MFG-E8 could be a promising therapeutic approach to prevent sarcopenia.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Haotao Li, Wanqiong Yuan, Yijian Chen, Bofu Lin, Shuai Wang, Zhantao Deng, Qiujian Zheng, Qingtian Li
Summary: In this study, multi-dimensional data integrating transcriptome and proteome profiles were used to investigate the mechanism of re-innervation in muscles. The results showed that differentially expressed genes and proteins were enriched in the PPARs signaling pathway and energy metabolism. The RN group demonstrated better tibial nerve function and recovery of muscle atrophy compared to the DN group. This study provides basic information regarding genes and proteins involved in re-innervation-induced muscle atrophy and identifies potential treatment targets.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Anna Carolina Zaia Rodrigues, Zhong-Min Wang, Maria Laura Messi, Henry Jacob Bonilla, Liang Liu, Willard M. Freeman, Osvaldo Delbono
Summary: The study found that inducing the expression of Hand2 in sympathetic neurons in old mice can increase neuron size and number, improve muscle weight and force, enhance muscle innervation, promote muscle transmission, prevent inflammation, and maintain muscle protein synthesis.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Abdurrahman Aslan, Lauren Harlow, Xin-Hua Liu, Rita De Gasperi, William A. Bauman, Marco Brotto, Christopher P. Cardozo
Summary: Skeletal muscle undergoes rapid and extensive atrophy following nerve transection, but the mechanisms behind this process are not fully understood. This study investigated the role of Notch signaling and Numb expression in denervation atrophy. The results showed that nandrolone treatment increased Numb expression and reduced Notch signaling in denervated muscle. However, neither nandrolone nor nandrolone plus testosterone changed the rate of denervation atrophy. Furthermore, conditional knockout of Numb in myofibers had no effect on denervation atrophy. These findings suggest that Numb does not alter the course of denervation atrophy and that upregulation of Numb and inhibition of Notch signaling do not change the progression of denervation atrophy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sarah K. Burke, Andrew Fenton, Yana Konokhova, Russell T. Hepple
Summary: Muscle atrophy in aging is most pronounced in fast twitch muscle like the gastrocnemius, with similar effects in the extensor digitorum longus and slow-twitch soleus, while the slow-twitch adductor longus increases in mass. Only the soleus shows significant alterations in fiber type with aging. Muscles that atrophy show an increased fraction of severely atrophic myofibers, while the adductor longus does not exhibit this phenomenon.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
William Evans, Mahalakshmi Shankaran, Edna Nyangau, Tyler Field, Hussein Mohammed, Robert Wolfe, Scott Schutzler, Marc Hellerstein
Summary: This study examined the effects of Fortetropin supplementation on muscle protein FSR in older individuals, finding that Fortetropin increased FSR compared to a placebo group. The difference in FSR between Fortetropin and placebo was 18% and affected multiple gene ontologies, suggesting that Fortetropin supplementation may be effective for promoting muscle protein synthesis in older populations.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Ying Wang, Steven S. Welc, Michelle Wehling-Henricks, Ying Kong, Connor Thomas, Enca Montecino-Rodriguez, Kenneth Dorshkind, James G. Tidball
Summary: Intramuscular macrophages play key roles in regulating skeletal muscle response to injury and disease. Changes in the numbers and phenotype of these macrophages during aging can influence the aging process. A study using a mouse model with a myeloid cell-specific mutation of Spi1 showed that this mutation reduced the numbers of M2 phenotype macrophages in aging muscles, and also reduced age-related muscle fibrosis and sarcopenia. These findings highlight the significance of intramuscular M2-biased macrophages in promoting detrimental, age-related changes in muscle.
Article
Cell Biology
Lauren Wimer, Elena Goncharova, Sofiya Galkina, Edna Nyangau, Mahalakshmi Shankaran, Asia Davis, Leandro Prado, Maria Castro Munoz, Sharon Epstein, Cavan Patterson, Nicholas Shaum, Mark Hellerstein, William Evans, Simon Melov
Summary: Developing accurate methods to quantify age-related muscle loss is crucial for developing therapies, and the D3Cr method offers a faster, cheaper, and more accurate alternative to DXA for measuring muscle mass in mice.
Review
Cell Biology
Giulia Coletta, Stuart M. Phillips
Summary: Consensus on what constitutes sarcopenia is critical to propel research in the field and provide prognostic value and treatment options for patients.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eduardo Antuna, Cristina Cachan-Vega, Juan Carlos Bermejo-Millo, Yaiza Potes, Beatriz Caballero, Ignacio Vega-Naredo, Ana Coto-Montes, Claudia Garcia-Gonzalez
Summary: In a world where life expectancy is increasing, understanding and promoting healthy aging has become a contemporary demand. Inflammaging, a chronic and low-grade systemic inflammation in the elderly, is linked with many age-associated diseases. There are correlations between sarcopenia, the loss of strength and mass in skeletal muscle related to aging, and inflammaging. Inflammatory signals from chronic diseases negatively affect skeletal muscle, and autophagic mechanisms play a role in inflammation. Strategies such as using melatonin or senotherapeutic compounds could counteract inflammation in the muscle. This review aims to present the factors regulating skeletal muscle inflammaging and their implications in sarcopenia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura M. de Smalen, Anastasiya Borsch, Aurel B. Leuchtmann, Jonathan F. Gill, Danilo Ritz, Mihaela Zavolan, Christoph Handschin
Summary: Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, can significantly impact quality of life and mortality. This study found that mitochondrial proteostasis plays an important role in muscle aging and highlights the positive effects of exercise on mitochondrial protein synthesis.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Osvaldo Delbono, Anna Carolina Zaia Rodrigues, Henry Jacob Bonilla, Maria Laura Messi
Summary: Examining the neural factors involved in the decline of neuromuscular function with aging is crucial to understanding sarcopenia. The sympathetic nervous system may affect muscle composition and function by regulating skeletal muscle motor innervation. Additionally, the role of central neurons may contribute to the coordinated response of the neuromuscular system to physiological and pathological challenges across ages.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Navneet N. Lal, Jon Cornwall, Philip W. Sheard
Summary: This study aimed to develop a reliable assay for identifying denervated muscle fibers and explore the impact of denervation on age-related force-generation in mouse skeletal muscle. By injecting fluorescent deoxyglucose analog 2-NBDG and stimulating the tibial nerve, the researchers labeled active muscle fibers and collected data on muscle force generation. The results showed that aged muscles had more denervated fibers, increased passive force, and decreased specific force, but denervation only partly explained the age-related deficits in specific force. Further investigations are necessary to identify other contributors to the decrease in force generation.
Article
Physiology
Hiu Tung Jessica Lo, Tsz Lam Yiu, Yujia Wang, Lu Feng, Gang Li, May Pui-Man Lui, Wayne Yuk-Wai Lee
Summary: This study demonstrated the beneficial effect of fetal muscle extract on muscle health in aged mice, suggesting the development of a novel treatment for sarcopenia.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)