Article
Parasitology
Phattharaphon Wongphutorn, Chanika Worasith, Kulthida Y. Kopolrat, Chutima Homwong, Jiraporn Sithithaworn, Chatanun Eamudomkarn, Anchalee Techasen, Patcharaporn Tippayawat, Opal Pitaksakurat, Nuttanan Hongsrichan, Thomas Crellen, Paiboon Sithithaworn
Summary: Detection of specific IgG4 in urine can achieve similar diagnostic accuracy to serum for strongyloidiasis. This suggests that urine IgG4 can be used as a valid diagnostic marker.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2023)
Review
Parasitology
Abigail Hui En Chan, Urusa Thaenkham
Summary: Strongyloides stercoralis is a soil-transmitted helminth that affects approximately 600 million people globally. The parasite can remain asymptomatic and unnoticed until the host's immune system is compromised, and severe cases can result in hyperinfection syndrome and larva dissemination. Current parasitological techniques have limitations in sensitivity, but immunological and molecular techniques, including next-generation sequencing, offer higher sensitivities and specificities for detection. As S. stercoralis is now a target for control by the World Health Organization, it is important to review and discuss the advancements in molecular techniques for accurate detection and diagnosis. Improved detection methods can greatly impact the management and control of this neglected tropical disease.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michelle L. Castelletto, Elissa A. Hallem
Summary: The genus Strongyloides consists of skin-penetrating nematodes with different host ranges, including S. stercoralis and S. ratti. Both species are easily amenable to genetic manipulation through intragonadal microinjection, making them valuable models for other parasitic helminths. The environmental generation of Strongyloides larvae is unique and similar enough to the model nematode C. elegans for techniques to be adapted between the two species.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2021)
Article
Parasitology
Dinesh Balachandra, Anizah Rahumatullah, Theam Soon Lim, Fatin Hamimi Mustafa, Hussain Ahmad, Nor Suhada Anuar, Rahmah Noordin
Summary: The developed Strongyloides antigen detection ELISA method is based on detecting immune complexes of circulating NIE antigens bound to Strongyloides-specific IgG antibodies. The method shows good potential in distinguishing early infection from chronic infection.
Article
Parasitology
Isabel Fradejas, Juan Maria Herrero-Martinez, Manuel Lizasoain, Maria Asuncion Perez-Jacoiste Asin, Ana Perez-Avala
Summary: A laboratory study found that at least 7 days of incubation is necessary for detecting S. stercoralis larvae in APC to reduce missed infections. Direct visualization failed to detect infections in most cases, indicating that APC remains the most sensitive method for diagnosing S. stercoralis.
Article
Microbiology
Natchita Chungkanchana, Paiboon Sithithaworn, Chanika Worasith, Phattharaphon Wongphutorn, Sirowan Ruantip, Kulthida Y. Kopolrat, Apinya Jusakul, Raynoo Thanan, Kunyarat Duenngai, Jiraporn Sithithaworn, Anchalee Techasen
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of urine concentration on the detection of parasite-specific IgG by urine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the concentration of urine samples prior to analysis improved the sensitivity for diagnosis of strongyloidiasis. The concentrated-urine ELISA increased the proportion of positive results in individuals with borderline results or false-negative diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Cintia de Lima Oliveira, Joelma Nascimento de Souza, Alex Bruno da Silva Souza, Nilo Manoel Pereira Vieira Barreto, Irlana Dias Ribeiro, Larissa Mota Sampaio, Weslei Almeida Costa Araujo, Juliane Silva Batista dos Santos, Marcia Cristina Aquino Teixeira, Neci Matos Soares
Summary: TF-Test (R) and Coproplus (R) methods showed lower sensitivities for S. stercoralis and other helminth infection diagnosis, indicating they should only be used in parasitological diagnosis in conjunction with other more effective methods of helminth identification.
ACTA PARASITOLOGICA
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mario J. Olivera
Summary: For COVID-19 patients receiving dexamethasone therapy, there is a risk of Strongyloides hyperinfection, which can be potentially fatal, but early detection and treatment can prevent its progression. In some cases, presumptive treatment with ivermectin may be justified.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alireza Ashiri, Abdollah Rafiei, Molouk Beiromvand, Abdollah Khanzadeh, Arash Alghasi
Summary: Strongyloidiasis, caused by Strongyloides stercoralis, is a neglected tropical disease that can be fatal in immunocompromised patients. The use of corticosteroids in diseases like COPD may lead to life-threatening hyperinfection syndrome. This study reports five cases of strongyloidiasis in COPD patients receiving corticosteroids. Blood eosinophil count plays an important role in management and diagnosis, and screening for strongyloidiasis should be considered in COPD patients receiving steroids.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
F. Marquet, N. Mora, R. N. Incani, J. Jesus, N. Mendez, R. Mujica, H. Trosel, E. Ferrer
Summary: This study compared different PCR targets for molecular detection of S. stercoralis and standardized a PCR protocol for the selected target with the best diagnostic results. The 5.8S rDNA was found to be highly sensitive and specific for detecting S. stercoralis DNA.
JOURNAL OF HELMINTHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Huan Zhou, Jinyang Hu, Taoxun Zhou, Ying Zhang, Peixi Qin, Biying Zhang, Rui Wang, Xiaoping Luo, Min Hu
Summary: This study explores the use of Meriones meridianus as a model for Strongyloides stercoralis and finds that the gerbils can be infected by S. stercoralis. This model provides an important tool for studying the biological processes and host interaction of this parasite.
Article
Immunology
Joseph Donovan, Trinh Thi Bich Tram, Nguyen Hoan Phu, Nguyen Thi Thu Hiep, Vu Thi Thu Van, Dang Thi Hong Mui, Nguyen Thi Han Ny, Ho Dang Trung Nghia, Nguyen Ho Hong Hanh, Le Van Tan, Nguyen Thuy Thuong Thuong, Guy E. Thwaites
Summary: Active Strongyloides stercoralis coinfection in Vietnamese adults with tuberculous meningitis was significantly associated with reduced intracerebral inflammation and reduced neurological complications by three months.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mi Cheong Cheong, Zhu Wang, Tegegn G. Jaleta, Xinshe Li, James B. Lok, Steven A. Kliewer, David J. Mangelsdorf
Summary: The nematode-specific nuclear receptor DAF-12 interacts with a parasite-specific coactivator DIP-1 in Strongyloides spp., crucial for development and infectious stage reactivation. CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis studies confirm the essential role of DAF-12 and DIP-1 in governing parasite development. This reveals a distinct nuclear receptor/coactivator signaling pathway in parasite development.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jih Tze Tan, Chih-Wei Tseng
Summary: This report presents a case of strongyloidiasis and highlights the low sensitivity of standard microscopic stool examination and the role of gastroduodenoscopy in diagnosis. The study emphasizes the importance of timely and appropriate treatment for a good prognosis in patients with strongyloidiasis.
Article
Parasitology
Huan Zhou, Wang Yuan, Weiqiang Lei, Taoxun Zhou, Peixi Qin, Biying Zhang, Min Hu
Summary: This study aims to explore the functional role of the NOBP-1 encoding gene in the parasitic nematode Strongyloides stercoralis. Through protein BLAST and RNA sequencing analysis, it was found that Ss-nobp-1 is present in seven developmental stages of the nematode and has higher transcription levels in iL3, L3, and P female stages. The study also confirmed that Ss-nobp-1 is expressed mainly in the intestine of transgenic S. stercoralis larvae and has a direct interaction with Ss-PNO-1.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Gideon J. Mordecai, Emiliano Di Cicco, Oliver P. Gunther, Angela D. Schulze, Karia H. Kaukinen, Shaorong Li, Amy Tabata, Tobi J. Ming, Hugh W. Ferguson, Curtis A. Suttle, Kristina M. Miller
Summary: This study identified several viral pathogens in farmed Atlantic and Chinook salmon, including two previously uncharacterized viruses and three putative novel viruses through the application of salmon host transcriptional biomarkers and metatranscriptomic sequencing. High-throughput RT-PCR screening of over 9,000 farmed and wild salmon revealed the widespread presence of these viruses, with some showing a broad host range. Additionally, in situ hybridization showed differing cell tropism for each virus tested, highlighting the importance of continual surveillance of emerging viruses for the management of aquaculture and wild resources.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Julia A. Gustavsen, Curtis A. Suttle
Summary: This study revealed that the composition of marine viral assemblages undergoes significant changes over time and is laggedly correlated with the resemblance of potential hosts, indicating the influence of viruses on host communities. The dominant clusters of phylogenetically related viruses shift over time, reflecting ecological dynamics within these clusters. The temporal shuffling of viral genotypes primarily occurs within a few subsets of related individuals, suggesting a common structure in natural viral assemblages.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Ruba Abdulrahman Ashy, Curtis A. Suttle, Susana Agusti
Summary: Research in the Red Sea showed that despite being perceived as stable, warm, and saline, relatively modest changes in seasonal conditions led to significant fluctuations in the diversity of lysogeny.
Article
Parasitology
Cintia de Lima Oliveira, Joelma Nascimento de Souza, Alex Bruno da Silva Souza, Nilo Manoel Pereira Vieira Barreto, Irlana Dias Ribeiro, Larissa Mota Sampaio, Weslei Almeida Costa Araujo, Juliane Silva Batista dos Santos, Marcia Cristina Aquino Teixeira, Neci Matos Soares
Summary: TF-Test (R) and Coproplus (R) methods showed lower sensitivities for S. stercoralis and other helminth infection diagnosis, indicating they should only be used in parasitological diagnosis in conjunction with other more effective methods of helminth identification.
ACTA PARASITOLOGICA
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Kevin Xu Zhong, Anna Cho, Christoph M. Deeg, Amy M. Chan, Curtis A. Suttle
Summary: CRISPR-Cas Selective Amplicon Sequencing (CCSAS) is an efficient method for characterizing eukaryotic microbiomes, cutting host 18S rRNA gene sequences while leaving protistan and fungal sequences intact; CCSAS revealed a diverse community of eukaryotic microbes in oyster spat with minimal contamination from host sequences and designed taxon-specific sgRNA for around 16,000 metazoan and plant taxa, making CCSAS widely applicable for understudied eukaryotic microbiomes.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gema L. Batanero, Andy J. Green, Juan A. Amat, Marion Vittecoq, Curtis A. Suttle, Isabel Reche
Summary: Coastal wetlands are valuable aquatic ecosystems with high productivity that provide important services, but are at risk of salinization due to predicted rise of sea level and freshwater extractions. Salinization may shift microbial activity from heterotrophic bacterial-dominated processes towards archaeal-dominated processes, influenced by factors like nitrogen concentration, salinity, and virus abundance. More research is needed to accurately predict future scenarios in coastal wetlands.
Article
Ecology
Kevin Xu Zhong, Jennifer F. Wirth, Amy M. Chan, Curtis A. Suttle
Summary: Microbial lysis plays a significant role in the dynamic changes of marine microbial communities. The study found that high relative lysis rates are associated with copiotrophic bacteria, while low lysis rates are more common in abundant taxa.
Article
Microbiology
Jan F. Finke, Colleen T. E. Kellogg, Curtis A. Suttle
Summary: Deep6 is a deep learning model that accurately classifies short metatranscriptomic sequences into prokaryotes, eukaryotes, or viral realms, without the need for reference or alignment. The average accuracies range from 0.87 to 0.97, depending on the length of the sequences.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Kevin Xu Zhong, Amy M. Chan, Anwar Al-Qattan, Yueang Li, Curtis A. Suttle
Summary: Vibrio natriegens strain PWH3a, isolated from the Texas Gulf Coast, is a model organism in marine microbiology with two circular chromosomes, 4,650 coding sequences, 34 rRNA, 4 noncoding RNA (ncRNA), 131 tRNA genes, and one Mu-like prophage sequence.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Alex Bruno da Silva Souza, Joelma Nascimento De Souza, Cintia de Lima Oliveira, Nilo Manoel Pereira Vieira Barreto, Weslei Almeida Costa, Ricardo Riccio Oliveira, Marcia Cristina Aquino Teixeira, Neci Matos Soares
Summary: This study examines the occurrence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in alcoholic patients and its correlation with circulating cytokine levels. It is found that alcohol ingestion plays a role in modulating the immune system and alcoholic patients have a higher parasitic load and elevated levels of circulating IL-4.
PARASITE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Tianyi E. Chang, Brian P. V. H. Hunt, Junya E. Hirai, Curtis H. Suttle
Summary: Sea lice, major ectoparasites of fish, have significant impacts on both wild and farmed fish. This study analyzed transcriptomes and small RNAs of sea lice, and identified 32 previously unknown RNA viruses. These findings greatly expand our knowledge of viral diversity in copepods and provide evidence of virus transmission between arthropods and other eukaryotes over evolutionary time.
Review
Microbiology
Alastair J. Roberts, Curtis A. Suttle
Summary: The diversity of viruses in crustacean zooplankton is enormous, including members of all realms of RNA viruses and single- and double-stranded DNA viruses. Viral infection is likely responsible for a significant portion of unexplained non-consumptive mortality in this group, affecting food webs and biogeochemical cycling. Additionally, zooplankton can transmit economically devastating viruses of finfish and other crustaceans.
Article
Microbiology
Neci Matos Soares, Nilo Manoel Pereira Vieira Barreto, Marina Morena Brito Farias, Cintia de Lima Oliveira, Weslei Almeida Costa Araujo, Joelma Nascimento de Souza, Marcia Cristina Aquino Teixeira, Noilson Lazaro Sousa Goncalves, Daniel Dias Sampaio, Tycha Bianca Sabaini Pavan, Paola Alejandra Fiorani Celedon, Nilson Ivo Tonin Zanchin, Fred Luciano Neves Santos
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and clinical profiles of Chagas disease in an impoverished rural community in Southern Bahia, Brazil. The overall prevalence was found to be low, possibly due to preventive measures and vector control programs implemented by the Brazilian Government. However, continuous monitoring and control measures are still necessary to prevent the re-emergence of the disease.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marina M. B. Farias, Nilo Manoel P. . V. Barreto, Weslei A. c. Araujo, Cintia de Lima Oliveira, Noilson Lazaro S. Goncalves, Kamila S. S. Campagnollo, Marcia Cristina A. Teixeira, Bernardo Galvao-Castro, Neci M. Soares, Joelma N. de Souza
Summary: Enteroparasites are a significant public health concern, and anthelmintic treatment in a rural community area in Brazil was evaluated for its therapeutic efficacy. Trichuris trichiura was found to have the lowest parasitological cure rate, indicating the importance of follow-up and potential need for new therapeutic approaches.
ANAIS DA ACADEMIA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIAS
(2023)
Article
Tropical Medicine
Nilo Manoel Pereira Vieira Barreto, Marina Morena Brito Farias, Cintia de Lima Oliveira, Weslei Almeida Costa Araujo, Maria Fernanda Rios Grassi, Joelma Nascimento de Souza, Beatriz Soares Jacobina, Marcia Cristina Aquino Teixeira, Bernardo Galvao-Castro, Neci Matos Soares
Summary: Among HTLV-1-infected individuals treated at a center in Salvador, Brazil, 3.4% were found to be infected with S. stercoralis, and 20.8% were found to have circulating anti-S. stercoralis IgG antibodies. HTLV-1-infected individuals living in poor sanitary conditions are more prone to develop severe forms of S. stercoralis infection.
Article
Parasitology
Gabriela Martinez Moura Tavares, Hannar Angelica de Melo Alverga, Estela Moraes Felix, Giovana de Oliveira Dichman, Gabriel Monteiro Pinheiro, Yara Juliano, Priscila Paruci, Dennis Minoru Fujita, Lucas Melo Neves, Marina Tiemi Shio, Luiz Henrique da Silva Nali
Summary: This study investigated the frequency of N. gonorrhoeae infection in women in a poor area of São Paulo and found that most of the strains detected showed resistance to one or more antimicrobials.
Article
Parasitology
Qian Yao, Ying-Ying Fan, Shuang Huang, Gui-Rong Hu, Jun-Ke Song, Xin Yang, Guang-Hui Zhao
Summary: This study found that the expression of miR-4521 was upregulated during C. parvum infection, and this upregulation was related to the TLR/NF-kappa B signal pathway. Additionally, miR-4521 promoted the propagation of C. parvum in HCT-8 cells by regulating BCL2-mediated cell apoptosis through targeting foxm1.
Article
Parasitology
Cho Naing, Maxine A. Whittaker, Wong Siew Tung, Htar Aung, Joon Wah Mak
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of zoonotic brugian filariasis in animals and compare it with the prevalence in humans in the same area. The findings suggest that cats, dogs, and leaf-eating monkeys may serve as potential reservoirs for human brugian filariasis.
Review
Parasitology
Raissa Nogueira de Brito, Susan Tanner, Julie Velasquez Runk, Juliana Hoyos
Summary: This study conducted a scoping review to identify major research themes and knowledge gaps in the social science literature on leishmaniases or Chagas disease. The findings showed that research in this field mainly focuses on the sociocultural, economic, historical, and political dimensions of the diseases. Future research should pay more attention to how social institutions and economic factors shape disease education, control measures, healthcare access, and quality of life of affected individuals.
Article
Parasitology
Minghao Zheng, Mengyao Zhang, Hao Li, Shipo Wu, Yuee Zhao, Jinlong Zhang, Yunyue Zhou, Mohamed Boie Jalloh, Kun Zhang, Lina Chen, Zhiqiang Mi, Yong Cui, Lihua Hou
Summary: Rapid and convenient detection of Plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest malaria parasite in Africa, is crucial for malaria eradication efforts in medical resource-limited settings. A CRISPR-based diagnostic method that can detect P. falciparum without nucleic acid extraction was developed and showed high sensitivity and consistency with qPCR test. It can also detect artemisinin-resistant strains and other laboratory-cultured strains. This method has great potential for clinical testing and large-scale community screening in Africa and other regions.
Article
Parasitology
Fabian Correa-Morales, Cassandra Gonzalez-Acosta, David Ibarra-Ojeda, Miguel Moreno-Garcia
Summary: Since 2002, West Nile Virus (WNV) has been reported in 18 states in Mexico. This paper discusses the proposed hypotheses for the absence of WNV outbreaks in Latin America and provides a context-specific explanation for Mexico.
Article
Parasitology
Umberto Molini, Lauren M. Coetzee, Vernon Christians, Maria Y. Hemberger, Bernard Chiwome, Maria Amukwaya, Siegfried Khaiseb, Giovanni Cattoli, William G. Dundon, Giovanni Franzo
Summary: Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) has been reported globally since its first identification in 2015. Limited data on PCV-3 in Africa led to a study in Namibia, which found a high prevalence of PCV-3 in backyard piggeries, but not in commercial farms with higher biosecurity measures. The source of viral introduction and factors such as semen importation, feeding backyard pigs with human food waste, pig exchanges, and wildlife movements may be involved in the dispersal of PCV-3 within Namibia. Further studies are needed to understand the epidemiology and impact of PCV-3 on pig productivity and wildlife health.
Article
Parasitology
Chutchai Piewbang, Panida Poonsin, Pattiya Lohavicharn, Panitnan Punyathi, Sawang Kesdangsakonwut, Tanit Kasantikul, Somporn Techangamsuwan
Summary: This study provides insights into the pathology of natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in dogs, revealing severe damage to the lungs and involvement of multiple organs. The findings suggest the potential utility of dogs as a model for studying SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans, highlighting the need for further investigation.
Article
Parasitology
Julian Avila-Jimenez, Juan David Gutierrez, Mariano Altamiranda-Saavedra
Summary: Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted to humans by sandfly vectors and vertebrate hosts. This study used ecological niche modeling to investigate the potential distribution of host and vector species associated with cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission, revealing different distribution patterns under varying climatic conditions.
Article
Parasitology
Luis A. Gomez-Puerta, Juan Olazabal, Santiago Paredes, Juan Lopez, Miguel Anampa, Angelica Mondragon, Ana Vargas-Calla, Hugo Castillo
Summary: This study reports the first detection of Candidatus M. haemolamae infection in vicunas from the Pampa Galeras National Reserve in Peru, using molecular diagnosis. Tick-infested vicunas had a higher likelihood of being infected with Candidatus M. haemolamae compared to tick-free vicunas. Gender and age were not associated with infection.
Article
Parasitology
Berlin Londono-Renteria, Zakaria Seidu, Helena Lamptey, Michael F. Ofori, Lars Hviid, Mary Lopez-Perez
Summary: Heterozygous carriers of HbAS and HbAC have a reduced risk of severe malaria, but not immunity against Plasmodium falciparum infection. Antibody levels against gSG6-P1 peptide in Anopheles mosquito saliva can serve as a serological biomarker for exposure to Plasmodium infection. This study highlights the importance of studying the role of hemoglobinopathies in malaria transmission for improving control interventions.
Article
Parasitology
Imane Belbacha, Meryem El Azzouzi, Rajae Bensghir, Kamal Filali Marhoum, Khadija Hajjout, El Mir Elharti, Khalid Sadki, Hicham Oumzil
Summary: This study investigates the association of three SNPs in the APOBEC3G gene with disease outcomes in Moroccan HIV-1 infected patients. The rs2294367 CG genotype is strongly associated with protection against HIV-1 infection, particularly in older individuals.
Article
Parasitology
Tan Luong, Do Kien Tran, Anh Hung Pham, Thi Thu-Ha Hoang, Van Khang Pham, Quang Thai Pham, Thi Mai Hung Tran, Minh Hoa Luong, Thanh Long Pham, Jason K. Blackburn
Summary: This study examined the epidemiology of anthrax in Lai Chau province, Vietnam, using historical data. Spatial clusters of human and livestock anthrax were identified, and the characteristics of the disease were described. The study found that there were distinct differences between the high-risk areas for human and livestock anthrax, and most human cases occurred during specific seasons. Additionally, the decrease in livestock anthrax vaccine coverage was associated with an increase in disease incidence.
Article
Parasitology
Jin-tao Chen, Jian-bo Zhan, Ming-chao Zhu, Kai-ji Li, Man-qing Liu, Bin Hu, Kun Cai, Hai-rong Xiong, Shu-liang Chen, Wei-long Tan, Liang-jun Chen, Wei Hou
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and variation of orthohantavirus in rodents and humans in Hubei province, China. It identified the diversity of orthohantaviruses circulating in the region, with the HV004-like subtype being the main genotype in rodents and patients. This highlights the importance of continued attention and research on orthohantaviruses, especially newly identified strains.